hive关键字处理方式

Hive的关键字有:

Keywords, Non-reserved Keywords and Reserved Keywords

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+DDL#LanguageManualDDL-Keywords,Non-reservedKeywordsandReservedKeywords

	All Keywords
Version	Non-reserved Keywords	Reserved Keywords
Hive 1.2.0	ADD, ADMIN, AFTER, ANALYZE, ARCHIVE, ASC, BEFORE, BUCKET, BUCKETS, CASCADE, CHANGE, CLUSTER, CLUSTERED, CLUSTERSTATUS, COLLECTION, COLUMNS, COMMENT, COMPACT, COMPACTIONS, COMPUTE, CONCATENATE, CONTINUE, DATA, DATABASES, DATETIME, DAY, DBPROPERTIES, DEFERRED, DEFINED, DELIMITED, DEPENDENCY, DESC, DIRECTORIES, DIRECTORY, DISABLE, DISTRIBUTE, ELEM_TYPE, ENABLE, ESCAPED, EXCLUSIVE, EXPLAIN, EXPORT, FIELDS, FILE, FILEFORMAT, FIRST, FORMAT, FORMATTED, FUNCTIONS, HOLD_DDLTIME, HOUR, IDXPROPERTIES, IGNORE, INDEX, INDEXES, INPATH, INPUTDRIVER, INPUTFORMAT, ITEMS, JAR, KEYS, KEY_TYPE, LIMIT, LINES, LOAD, LOCATION, LOCK, LOCKS, LOGICAL, LONG, MAPJOIN, MATERIALIZED, METADATA, MINUS, MINUTE, MONTH, MSCK, NOSCAN, NO_DROP, OFFLINE, OPTION, OUTPUTDRIVER, OUTPUTFORMAT, OVERWRITE, OWNER, PARTITIONED, PARTITIONS, PLUS, PRETTY, PRINCIPALS, PROTECTION, PURGE, READ, READONLY, REBUILD, RECORDREADER, RECORDWRITER, REGEXP, RELOAD, RENAME, REPAIR, REPLACE, REPLICATION, RESTRICT, REWRITE, RLIKE, ROLE, ROLES, SCHEMA, SCHEMAS, SECOND, SEMI, SERDE, SERDEPROPERTIES, SERVER, SETS, SHARED, SHOW, SHOW_DATABASE, SKEWED, SORT, SORTED, SSL, STATISTICS, STORED, STREAMTABLE, STRING, STRUCT, TABLES, TBLPROPERTIES, TEMPORARY, TERMINATED, TINYINT, TOUCH, TRANSACTIONS, UNARCHIVE, UNDO, UNIONTYPE, UNLOCK, UNSET, UNSIGNED, URI, USE, UTC, UTCTIMESTAMP, VALUE_TYPE, VIEW, WHILE, YEAR	ALL, ALTER, AND, ARRAY, AS, AUTHORIZATION, BETWEEN, BIGINT, BINARY, BOOLEAN, BOTH, BY, CASE, CAST, CHAR, COLUMN, CONF, CREATE, CROSS, CUBE, CURRENT, CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, CURSOR, DATABASE, DATE, DECIMAL, DELETE, DESCRIBE, DISTINCT, DOUBLE, DROP, ELSE, END, EXCHANGE, EXISTS, EXTENDED, EXTERNAL, FALSE, FETCH, FLOAT, FOLLOWING, FOR, FROM, FULL, FUNCTION, GRANT, GROUP, GROUPING, HAVING, IF, IMPORT, IN, INNER, INSERT, INT, INTERSECT, INTERVAL, INTO, IS, JOIN, LATERAL, LEFT, LESS, LIKE, LOCAL, MACRO, MAP, MORE, NONE, NOT, NULL, OF, ON, OR, ORDER, OUT, OUTER, OVER, PARTIALSCAN, PARTITION, PERCENT, PRECEDING, PRESERVE, PROCEDURE, RANGE, READS, REDUCE, REVOKE, RIGHT, ROLLUP, ROW, ROWS, SELECT, SET, SMALLINT, TABLE, TABLESAMPLE, THEN, TIMESTAMP, TO, TRANSFORM, TRIGGER, TRUE, TRUNCATE, UNBOUNDED, UNION, UNIQUEJOIN, UPDATE, USER, USING, UTC_TMESTAMP, VALUES, VARCHAR, WHEN, WHERE, WINDOW, WITH
Hive 2.0.0	removed: REGEXP, RLIKE added: AUTOCOMMIT, ISOLATION, LEVEL, OFFSET, SNAPSHOT, TRANSACTION, WORK, WRITE	added: COMMIT, ONLY, REGEXP, RLIKE, ROLLBACK, START
Hive 2.1.0	added: ABORT, KEY, LAST, NORELY, NOVALIDATE, NULLS, RELY, VALIDATE	added: CACHE, CONSTRAINT, FOREIGN, PRIMARY, REFERENCES
Hive 2.2.0	added: DETAIL, DOW, EXPRESSION, OPERATOR, QUARTER, SUMMARY, VECTORIZATION, WEEK, YEARS, MONTHS, WEEKS, DAYS, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS	added: DAYOFWEEK, EXTRACT, FLOOR, INTEGER, PRECISION, VIEWS
Hive 3.0.0	added: TIMESTAMPTZ, ZONE	added: TIME, NUMERIC, SYNC

解决方案：

①关键字处加反引号 ` ，如：select `date` from mytable; 

②屏蔽关键字识别规则，在Hive 2.1.0 及更早期的版本还可以通过设置set hive.support.sql11.reserved.keywords=false;取消保留字校验(最新的Hive版本已经不支持此配置项，无效)。或者在hive-site.xml里设置

    hive.support.sql11.reserved.keywords
    false

对于Hive 2.1.0 以后的版本已经不再支持此设置，只能使用反引号处理