linux下使用vscode编译及引用动态链接库

1.动态链接库的生成

/****tasks.json*********/
{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++ 生成活动文件",
            "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/lib/libcommon.so",
                "-std=c++11",
                "-fPIC",
                "-shared"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

在tasks.json中，动态链接库名称必须加lib，如libcommon.so，参数加-fPIC(可选)，-shared(必选)。编译即可生成libcommon.so。

2.动态链接库的引用

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++ 生成活动文件",
            "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",               
                "${file}",
                "SocketHelper.cpp",
                "-o",               
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
                "-I","${fileDirname}/CommonFunc",
                "-L","${fileDirname}/CommonFunc/lib",
                "-l","common",
                "-Wl,-rpath=${fileDirname}/CommonFunc/lib",
                "-std=c++11",
                "-pthread"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

"-I":动态链接库的头文件所在目录；(大写i)

"-L":动态链接库文件所在目录;

"-l":动态链接库名(小写l)；

"rpath":程序运行时，优先到rpath指定的目录去寻找依赖库; 程序链接时，在指定的目录中，隐式的链接那些动态库所需要的链接库。

特别注意"-Wl,rpath=xx"，在运行调试时程序不会找"-L"参数目录下的链接库，会报错error while loading shared libraries: lib*.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory。