7-React 组件之 props 验证

React.js

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props 验证

随着应用的不断增长，也是为了使程序设计更加严谨，我们通常需要对数据的类型（值）进行一些必要的验证，React.js 提供了一个验证库：prop-types

prop-types

prop-types 是一个独立的库，需要安装

https://www.npmjs.com/package/prop-types

安装

npm i -S prop-types

使用

import PropTypes from 'prop-types';

它的使用并不复杂，与 defaultProps 类似，我们在组件类下添加一个静态属性 propTypes ，它的值也是一个对象，key 是要验证的属性名称，value 是验证规则

MyComponent.propTypes = {
  // You can declare that a prop is a specific JS primitive. By default, these
  // are all optional.
  optionalArray: PropTypes.array,
  optionalBool: PropTypes.bool,
  optionalFunc: PropTypes.func,
  optionalNumber: PropTypes.number,
  optionalObject: PropTypes.object,
  optionalString: PropTypes.string,
  optionalSymbol: PropTypes.symbol,
 
  // Anything that can be rendered: numbers, strings, elements or an array
  // (or fragment) containing these types.
  optionalNode: PropTypes.node,
 
  // A React element (ie. ).
  optionalElement: PropTypes.element,
 
  // A React element type (ie. MyComponent).
  optionalElementType: PropTypes.elementType,
 
  // You can also declare that a prop is an instance of a class. This uses
  // JS's instanceof operator.
  optionalMessage: PropTypes.instanceOf(Message),
 
  // You can ensure that your prop is limited to specific values by treating
  // it as an enum.
  optionalEnum: PropTypes.oneOf(['News', 'Photos']),
 
  // An object that could be one of many types
  optionalUnion: PropTypes.oneOfType([
    PropTypes.string,
    PropTypes.number,
    PropTypes.instanceOf(Message)
  ]),
 
  // An array of a certain type
  optionalArrayOf: PropTypes.arrayOf(PropTypes.number),
 
  // An object with property values of a certain type
  optionalObjectOf: PropTypes.objectOf(PropTypes.number),
 
  // You can chain any of the above with `isRequired` to make sure a warning
  // is shown if the prop isn't provided.
 
  // An object taking on a particular shape
  optionalObjectWithShape: PropTypes.shape({
    optionalProperty: PropTypes.string,
    requiredProperty: PropTypes.number.isRequired
  }),
 
  // An object with warnings on extra properties
  optionalObjectWithStrictShape: PropTypes.exact({
    optionalProperty: PropTypes.string,
    requiredProperty: PropTypes.number.isRequired
  }),
 
  requiredFunc: PropTypes.func.isRequired,
 
  // A value of any data type
  requiredAny: PropTypes.any.isRequired,
 
  // You can also specify a custom validator. It should return an Error
  // object if the validation fails. Don't `console.warn` or throw, as this
  // won't work inside `oneOfType`.
  customProp: function(props, propName, componentName) {
    if (!/matchme/.test(props[propName])) {
      return new Error(
        'Invalid prop `' + propName + '` supplied to' +
        ' `' + componentName + '`. Validation failed.'
      );
    }
  },
 
  // You can also supply a custom validator to `arrayOf` and `objectOf`.
  // It should return an Error object if the validation fails. The validator
  // will be called for each key in the array or object. The first two
  // arguments of the validator are the array or object itself, and the
  // current item's key.
  customArrayProp: PropTypes.arrayOf(function(propValue, key, componentName, location, propFullName) {
    if (!/matchme/.test(propValue[key])) {
      return new Error(
        'Invalid prop `' + propFullName + '` supplied to' +
        ' `' + componentName + '`. Validation failed.'
      );
    }
  })
};