问题
和而泰项目中遇到给服务器安装IIS时失败的问题，服务器系统是Windows Server 2012 R2，使用 服务器管理器--->仪表板--->添加功能角色和功能 进行 Web服务器（IIS）的安装时，报如下错误：
无法打开运行空间池，服务管理器WinRM插件可能已损坏或丢失
解决方案
在网上搜了一大堆办法，例如打开 WinRM服务、设置虚拟内存等，都没用，最后尝试用命令行安装IIS，系统管理员权限打开CMD，输入如下命令行，回车运行即可
- 完整安装IIS7 （亲测使用通过）
start /w pkgmgr /iu:IIS-WebServerRole;IIS-WebServer;IIS-CommonHttpFeatures;IIS-StaticContent;IIS-DefaultDocument;IIS-DirectoryBrowsing;IIS-HttpErrors;IIS-HttpRedirect;IIS-ApplicationDevelopment;IIS-ASPNET;IIS-NetFxExtensibility;IIS-ASP;IIS-ISAPIExtensions;IIS-ISAPIFilter;IIS-ServerSideIncludes;IIS-HealthAndDiagnostics;IIS-HttpLogging;IIS-LoggingLibraries;IIS-RequestMonitor;IIS-HttpTracing;IIS-CustomLogging;IIS-ODBCLogging;IIS-Security;IIS-BasicAuthentication;IIS-WindowsAuthentication;IIS-DigestAuthentication;IIS-ClientCertificateMappingAuthentication;IIS-IISCertificateMappingAuthentication;IIS-URLAuthorization;IIS-RequestFiltering;IIS-IPSecurity;IIS-Performance;IIS-HttpCompressionStatic;IIS-HttpCompressionDynamic;IIS-WebServerManagementTools;IIS-ManagementConsole;IIS-ManagementScriptingTools;IIS-ManagementService;IIS-IIS6ManagementCompatibility;IIS-Metabase;IIS-WMICompatibility;IIS-LegacyScripts;IIS-LegacySnapIn;WAS-WindowsActivationService;WAS-ProcessModel;WAS-NetFxEnvironment;WAS-ConfigurationAPI;IIS-CGI;IIS-NetFxExtensibility;IIS-ASPNET45;IIS-NetFxExtensibility45;NetFx4Extended-ASPNET45
- 卸载IIS7
start /w pkgmgr /uu:IIS-WebServerRole;WAS-WindowsActivationService;WAS-ProcessModel
IIS7安装场景对照表
Default Server Install Components
| 名称 | 命令 |
|---|---|
| Static Content | IIS-StaticContent |
| Default Document | IIS-DefaultDocument |
| Directory Browsing | IIS-DirectoryBrowsing |
| HTTP Errors | IIS-HttpErrors |
| HTTP Logging | IIS-HttpLogging |
| Logging Tools | IIS-LoggingLibraries |
| Request Monitor | IIS-RequestMonitor |
| Request Filtering | IIS-RequestFiltering |
| Static Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionStatic |
| IIS Management Console | IIS-ManagementConsole |
ASP.NET Workload Server Options
| 名称 | 命令 |
|---|---|
| Static Content | IIS-StaticContent |
| Default Document | IIS-DefaultDocument |
| Directory Browsing | IIS-DirectoryBrowsing |
| HTTP Errors | IIS-HttpErrors |
| HTTP Logging | IIS-HttpLogging |
| Logging Tools | IIS-LoggingLibraries |
| Request Monitor | IIS-RequestMonitor |
| Request Filtering | IIS-RequestFiltering |
| Static Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionStatic |
| IIS Management Console | IIS-ManagementConsole |
| ASP.NET | IIS-ASPNET |
| .NET Extensibility | IIS-NetFxExtensibility |
| IIS-ASPNET45 | ASP.NET4.5 |
| ISAPI Filters | IIS-ISAPIFilter |
| ISAPI Extensions | IIS-ISAPIExtensions |
Class ASP Workload Server Options
| 名称 | 命令 |
|---|---|
| Static Content | IIS-StaticContent |
| Default Document | IIS-DefaultDocument |
| Directory Browsing | IIS-DirectoryBrowsing |
| HTTP Errors | IIS-HttpErrors |
| HTTP Logging | IIS-HttpLogging |
| Logging Tools | IIS-LoggingLibraries |
| Request Monitor | IIS-RequestMonitor |
| Request Filtering | IIS-RequestFiltering |
| Static Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionStatic |
| IIS Management Console | IIS-ManagementConsole |
| ASP | IIS-ASP |
| ISAPI Extensions | IIS-ISAPIExtensions |
FastCGI Workload Server Options
| 名称 | 命令 |
|---|---|
| Static Content | IIS-StaticContent |
| Default Document | IIS-DefaultDocument |
| Directory Browsing | IIS-DirectoryBrowsing |
| HTTP Errors | IIS-HttpErrors |
| HTTP Logging | IIS-HttpLogging |
| Logging Tools | IIS-LoggingLibraries |
| Request Monitor | IIS-RequestMonitor |
| Request Filtering | IIS-RequestFiltering |
| Static Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionStatic |
| IIS Management Console | IIS-ManagementConsole |
| CGI | IIS-CGI |
IIS Managed Modules and .NET Extensibility Server Workload
| 名称 | 命令 |
|---|---|
| Static Content | IIS-StaticContent |
| Default Document | IIS-DefaultDocument |
| Directory Browsing | IIS-DirectoryBrowsing |
| HTTP Errors | IIS-HttpErrors |
| HTTP Logging | IIS-HttpLogging |
| Logging Tools | IIS-LoggingLibraries |
| Request Monitor | IIS-RequestMonitor |
| Request Filtering | IIS-RequestFiltering |
| Static Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionStatic |
| IIS Management Console | IIS-ManagementConsole |
| .NET Extensibility | IIS-NetFxExtensibility |
Full Server Install Components
| Server Manager | Update Name |
|---|---|
| Internet Information Services | IIS-WebServerRole |
| World Wide Web Services | IIS-WebServer |
| Common HTTP Features | IIS-CommonHttpFeatures |
| Static Content | IIS-StaticContent |
| Default Document | IIS-DefaultDocument |
| Directory Browsing | IIS-DirectoryBrowsing |
| HTTP Errors | IIS-HttpErrors |
| HTTP Redirection | IIS-HttpRedirect |
| Application development | IIS-ApplicationDevelopment |
| ASP.NET | IIS-ASPNET |
| .NET Extensibility | IIS-NetFxExtensibility |
| ASP | IIS-ASP |
| CGI | IIS-CGI |
| ISAPI Extensions | IIS-ISAPIExtensions |
| ISAPI Filters | IIS-ISAPIFilter |
| Ser-Side Includes | IIS-ServerSideInclude |
| Health and diagnostics | IIS-HealthAndDiagnostics |
| HTTP Logging | IIS-HttpLogging |
| Logging Tools | IIS-LoggingLibraries |
| Request Monitor | IIS-RequestMonitor |
| Tracing | IIS-HttpTracing |
| Custom Logging | IIS-CustomLogging |
| ODBC Logging | IIS-ODBCLogging |
| Security | IIS-Security |
| Basic Authentication | IIS-BasicAuthenticaition |
| Windows Authentication | IIS-WindowsAuthentication |
| Digest Authentication | IIS-DigestAuthentication |
| Client Certificate Mapping Authentication | IIS-ClientCertificateMappingAuthentication |
| IIS Client Certificate Mapping Authentication | IIS-IISCertificateMappingAuthentication |
| URL Authorization | IIS-URLAuthorization |
| Request Filtering | IIS-RequestFiltering |
| IP and Domain Restrictions | IIS-IPSecurity |
| Performance | IIS-Performance |
| Static Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionStatic |
| Dynamic Content Compression | IIS-HttpCompressionDynamic |
| Management Tools | IIS-WebServerManagementTools |
| IIS Management Console | IIS-ManagementConsole |
| IIS Management Scripts and Tools | IIS-ManagementScriptingTools |
| Management Service | IIS-ManagementService |
| IIS6 Management Compatibility | IIS-IIS6ManagementCompatibility |
| IIS Metabase Compatibility | IIS-Metabase |
| IIS 6 WMI Compatibility | IIS-WMICompatibility |
| IIS 6 Scripting Tools | IIS-LegacyScripts |
| IIS 6 Management Console | IIS-LegacySnapin |
| FTP Publishing Service | IIS-FTPPublishingService |
| FTP Server | IIS-FTPServer |
| FTP Management Console | IIS-FTPManagemnt |
| Windows Process Activation service | WAS-WindowsActivationService |
| Process Model | WAS-ProcessModel |
| .NET Environment | WAS-NetFxEnvironment |
| Configiuration APIs | WAS-ConfigurationAPI |
PS ：文章来源：https://blog.csdn.net/i1j2k3/article/details/81631321
还可参考如下说明
IIS的组件结构代码
| WebServerRole | web服务角色 |
|---|---|
| IIS-WebServer | web服务器 |
| IIS-CommonHttpFeatures | 常见HTTP功能 |
| IIS-StaticContent | 静态内容 |
| IIS-DefaultDocument | 默认文档 |
| IIS-DirectoryBrowsing | 目录浏览 |
| IIS-HttpErrors | HTTP错误 |
| IIS-HttpRedirect | HTTP重定向 |
| IIS-ApplicationDevelopment | 应用程序 |
| IIS-ASP | ASP |
| IIS-CGI | CGI |
| IIS-ASPNET | ASP.NET3.5 |
| IIS-NetFxExtensibility | .NET Extensibility3.5 |
| IIS-ASPNET45 | ASP.NET4.5 |
| IIS-NetFxExtensibility45 | .NET Extensibility4.5 |
| NetFx4Extended-ASPNET45 | |
| IIS-ISAPIFilter | ISAPI筛选器 |
| IIS-ISAPIExtensions | ISAPI扩展 |
| IIS-HealthAndDiagnostics | 运行状态和诊断 |
| IIS-HttpLogging | HTTP日志记录 |
| IIS-LoggingLibraries | 日志记录工具 |
| IIS-RequestMonitor | 请求监控器 |
| IIS-HttpTracing | 跟踪 |
| IIS-CustomLogging | 自定义日志 |
| IIS-ODBCLogging | ODBC日志记录 |
| IIS-Security | 安全性 |
| IIS-BasicAuthentication | 基本身份验证 |
| IIS-WindowsAuthentication | Windows身份验证 |
| IIS-DigestAuthentication | 摘要式身份验证 |
| IIS-ClientCertificateMappingAuthentication | 客户端证书映射身份验证 |
| IIS-IISCertificateMappingAuthentication | IIS证书映射身份验证 |
| IIS-URLAuthorization | URL授权 |
| IIS-RequestFiltering | 请求筛选 |
| IIS-IPSecurity | IP和域限制 |
| IIS-Performance | 性能 |
| IIS-HttpCompressionStatic | 静态内容压缩 |
| IIS-HttpCompressionDynamic | 动态内容压缩 |
| IIS-WebServerManagementTools | 管理工具 |
| IIS-ManagementConsole | IIS管理控制台 |
| IIS-ManagementScriptingTools | IIS 管理脚本和工具 |
| IIS-ManagementService | 管理服务 |
| IIS-FTPServer | FTP服务器 |
| IIS-FTPSvc | FTP服务 |
| IIS-FTPExtensibility | FTP扩展 |
| NetFx3ServerFeatures | .NET Framework 3.5功能 |
| NetFx3 | .NET Frameword 3.5 |
| NetFx4ServerFeatures | .NET Frameword 4.6功能 |
| NetFx4 | .NET Frameword 4.6 |
| NetFx4Extended-ASPNET45 | ASP.NET 4.6 |
| WAS-WindowsActivationService | Windows Process Activation Service |
| WAS-ProcessMode | 进程模型 |
| WAS-NetFxEnvironment | .NET Environment 3.5 |
| WAS-ConfigurationAPI | 配置 API |
说明来源：https://blog.csdn.net/sadwjy520/article/details/76670778