ROS常用命令及多机(TX2 与虚拟机)通信步骤
目录
ROS常用命令
创建工作空间
编译工作空间
创建功能包
编译功能包
检查环境变量
查看ROS节点关系图
rviz使用
Ubuntu常用命令
ROS多机通信步骤
配置网络
设置网络名称
修改bash
互ping虚拟机与tx2
tx2中启动master
虚拟机中添加镜像源
TX2中添加镜像源
ROS常用命令
rostopic list 命令查看当前系统中有哪些 topic。
rostopic info 命令查看该 topic 的信息，包括它的数据类型、发布者数量等。
rostopic hz 命令查看该 topic 的发布频率。
rosnode list 命令查看当前系统中有哪些节点。
rosnode info 命令查看该节点的信息，包括它的 PID、运行状态等。
rqt_graph 命令查看当前系统中节点之间的连接关系。
rostopic+echo+/chatter：查看话题chatter消息。
rosrun+功能包名+节点名：运行ROS节点。
rosbag record -a：-a选项，该选项表示将当前发布的所有话题数据都录制保存到一个bag文件中，而这个bag文件就存放在当前目录下。
rosbag info
：检查bag文件内容。 rosbag play
：回放bag文件以再现系统运行过程。 rosbag play -r 2
:通过-r选项设定一个参数来改变消息发布速率。 rosbag record -O bagfilename /spspkg/client：-O为指定包名。
创建工作空间
mkdir -p ~/catkin_ws/src
cd ~/catkin_ws/src
catkin_init_workspace
编译工作空间
cd ~/catkin_ws
catkin_make
source devel/setup.bash 设置环境变量
创建功能包
cd ~/catkin_ws/src
catkin_create_pkg learning_topic std_msgs rospy roscpp geometry_msgs
编译功能包
cd ~/catkin_ws
catkin_make
source devel/setup.bash或 采用
echo "source /home/sps/sps/catkin_sps_ws/devel/setup.bash">>~/.bashrc
检查环境变量
echo $ROS_PACKAGE_PATH
查看ROS节点关系图
运行命令：rosrun rqt_graph rqt_graph
rviz使用
输入命令：rviz
Ubuntu常用命令
hostname：查看本机名称。
ifconfig：查看网络ip。
ssh远程登陆:
ssh 用户名@IP地址。文件权限：sudo chmod 777 file。
df -h：查看磁盘空间。
ROS多机通信步骤
需求：TX2 发布话题，虚拟机订阅话题，采用ROS分布式方式。设备：TX2 ubuntu18.04.6、虚拟机ubuntu18.04.6。
配置网络
a、将虚拟机网络设置为桥接模式，其他模式均不可。
虚拟机设置-->网络适配器-->桥接模式 虚拟机菜单栏：编辑-->虚拟网络编辑器-->添加网络-->选择桥接模式-->选择对应的网卡（例如Inter(R) Ethernet Connection(23) I219-V）即可。
设置网络名称
查看本机与从机的hostname与ip，其命令分别为：hostname、ifconfig。
修改虚拟机hosts文件：sudo vim /etc/hosts，虚拟机中添加TX2的ip和hostname，如ip+ hostname，10.46.10.60 ubuntu，TX2中添加虚拟机的hostname和ip，如ip + hostname，10.46.10.61 virtual-machine。
修改bash
修改bash命令：sudo vim ~/.bashrc，添加：export ROS_MASTER_URI=http://tx2:11311，source生效：source ~/.bashrc。
互ping虚拟机与tx2
在虚拟机中: ping tx2 ；在TX2中:ping virtual-machine，如果能ping通，则表明网络正常。
tx2中启动master
在tx2中启动master：roscore，在虚拟机中查看话题：rostopic list，若能看到话题列表说明配置成功。
虚拟机中添加镜像源
运行命令：sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release amd64 (20210915)]/ bionic main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
TX2中添加镜像源
运行命令：sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security universe
#deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main multiverse restricted universe