代码随想录算法训练营第8天| 344.反转字符串 541. 反转字符串II 剑指Offer 05.替换空格 151.翻转字符串里的单词 剑指Offer58-II.左旋转字符串

344. Reverse String

  • 解法1: s[:] = s[::-1]
  • 解法2:双指针
class Solution(object):
    def reverseString(self, s):
        s[:] = s[::-1]
class Solution(object):
    def reverseString(self, s):
        left, right = 0, len(s) - 1
        while left < right:
            s[left], s[right] = s[right], s[left]
            left += 1
            right -= 1

541. Reverse String II

# 双指针p和p2,p表示子串起始位置,p2表示子串第k个位置
class Solution:
    def reverseStr(self, s, k):
        p = 0
        while p < len(s): # 从0开始,以2k长度向后迭代
            p2 = p + k # 需要保持不变的子串
            s = s[:p] + s[p:p2][::-1] + s[p2:]
            p = p + 2 * k
        return s
class Solution:
    def reverseStr(self, s, k):
        def reverse_substring(text):
            left, right = 0, len(text) - 1
            while left < right:
                text[left], text[right] = text[right], text[left]
                left += 1
                right -= 1
            return text
        
        res = list(s)

        for cur in range(0, len(s), 2 * k):
            res[cur: cur + k] = reverse_substring(res[cur: cur + k])
        
        return ''.join(res)

剑指 Offer 05. 替换空格

  • 很多数组填充类的问题,都可以先预先给数组扩容带填充后的大小,然后在从后向前进行操作
class Solution(object):
    def replaceSpace(self, s):
        res = s.split(" ")
        return "%20".join(res)
class Solution:
    def replaceSpace(self, s):

        n = len(s)
        for e, i in enumerate(s[::-1]):
            print(i, e)
            if i == " ":
                s = s[: n - (e + 1)] + "%20" + s[n - e:]
        return s
class Solution:
    def replaceSpace(self, s):
        counter = s.count(' ')
        
        res = list(s)
        # 每碰到一个空格就多拓展两个格子,1 + 2 = 3个位置存’%20‘
        res.extend([' '] * counter * 2)
        
        # 原始字符串的末尾,拓展后的末尾
        left, right = len(s) - 1, len(res) - 1
        
        while left >= 0:
            if res[left] != ' ':
                res[right] = res[left]
                right -= 1
            else:
                # [right - 2, right), 左闭右开
                res[right - 2: right + 1] = '%20'
                right -= 3
            left -= 1
        return ''.join(res)

 151. Reverse Words in a String

class Solution:
  #1.去除多余的空格
    def trim_spaces(self,s):     
        n = len(s) 
        left = 0
        right = n - 1

        while left <= right and s[left] == ' ':
            left += 1
        while left <= right and s[right] == ' ': 
            right = right - 1
        tmp=[]
        while left <= right: 
            if s[left] != ' ':
                tmp.append(s[left])
            elif s[left] == ' ' and tmp[-1] != ' ':  #当前位置是空格,但是相邻的上一个位置不是空格,则该空格是合理的
                tmp.append(s[left])
            left += 1
        return tmp
    #2.翻转字符数组
    def reverse_string(self,nums,left,right):
        while left

剑指 Offer 58 - II. 左旋转字符串

# 方法一:可以使用切片方法
class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s, n):
        return s[n:] + s[0:n]
# 方法二:也可以使用上文描述的方法,有些面试中不允许使用切片,那就使用上文作者提到的方法
class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s, n):
        s = list(s)
        s[0:n] = list(reversed(s[0:n]))
        s[n:] = list(reversed(s[n:]))
        s.reverse()
        
        return "".join(s)
# 方法三:如果连reversed也不让使用,那么自己手写一个
class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s, n):
        def reverse_sub(lst, left, right):
            while left < right:
                lst[left], lst[right] = lst[right], lst[left]
                left += 1
                right -= 1
        
        res = list(s)
        end = len(res) - 1
        reverse_sub(res, 0, n - 1)
        reverse_sub(res, n, end)
        reverse_sub(res, 0, end)
        return ''.join(res)

# 同方法二
# 时间复杂度:O(n)
# 空间复杂度:O(n),python的string为不可变,需要开辟同样大小的list空间来修改
#方法四:考虑不能用切片的情况下,利用模+下标实现
class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s, n):
        new_s = ''
        for i in range(len(s)):
            j = (i+n)%len(s)
            new_s = new_s + s[j]
        return new_s

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