ncurse编程指南

0. 介绍

linux下的图形库

1. Hello, Ncurse

在屏幕左上角打印Hello, World

#include 

int main()
{
	initscr(); // 初始化屏幕,默认stdscr
	printw("Hello World");// 与printf相似但是打印到虚拟窗口stdscr
	
	refresh();// 需要刷新才能显示到屏幕上
	getch(); // 等待用户输入
	endwin(); // 关闭窗口
    return 0;
}

2. 初始化函数

2.1 raw() 和 cbreak()

都是关闭行缓冲，两者的区别是raw不会产生信号(CTRL+C CTRL +Ｚ)。

2.2 echo()和noecho()

输入的内容是否回显

2.3 keypad()

开启功能按键，F1、F2、方向键等。
用法：

keypad(stdscr, TRUE)

2.4 halfdelay()

延迟等待多少秒，若没反应则返回一个ERR。

2.5 初始化样例

#include 
int main()
{ 
	int ch;
 	initscr();
 	raw(); 
 	keypad(stdscr, TRUE); /* 获取功能按钮 */
 	noecho(); /* 不回显 */
 	printw("Type any character to see it in bold\n");
 	ch = getch();
 	
 if(ch == KEY_F(1)) /* 按下F1键 */
 	printw("F1 Key pressed");
 else
 { 	printw("The pressed key is ");
 	attron(A_BOLD); // 加粗
	printw("%c", ch);
 	attroff(A_BOLD);
 }
 	refresh(); /*虚拟屏幕打印到实际屏幕 */
	getch(); 
 	endwin(); 
 return 0;
}

3. 命名规范

ncurse中w前缀的都是指定窗口，带mv的都是移动到(x,y)进行操作。

比如

printw(string);// 在stdscr当前位置打印字符串
 mvprintw(y, x, string);/* 到（y,x）处打印字符串*/
 wprintw(win, string); /* 在窗口win上打印字符串*/
 mvwprintw(win, y, x, string); /* 移动到win窗口的(y,x)位置打印字符串*/

4. 输出函数

4.1 addch()类函数

输出单个字符，移动游标。
还有

mvaddch(row, col, c)
waddch(win, c)
mvwaddch(win, row, col, c)

字符有颜色、加粗等属性。可以通过两种方式添加

1. 字符或属性值
   addch(ch |　A_BOLD | A_UNDERLINE)
2. 属性设置函数
   attron() attroff() attrset()后面介绍

4.2 printw()类函数

输出字符串，与printf类似。

printw(str)
wprintw(win, str);
mvwprintw(y,x,win,str)
vwprintw() => vprintf()

4.3 addstr()类函数

给指定窗口输出字符串

addstr()
mvaddstr()
....

4.4 注意

这些函数都是(y,x)， 首先传入纵轴，再是横轴。

4.5 输出函数例子

getmaxyx()是获取窗口大小的函数。

#include 
#include  
int main()
{
 char mesg[]="Just a string"; 
 int row,col;

 initscr(); 
 getmaxyx(stdscr,row,col); /* 获取屏幕的大小 */
 mvprintw(row/2,(col−strlen(mesg))/2,"%s",mesg);
 /*在屏幕中央打印字符串 */
 mvprintw(row−2,0,"This screen has %d rows and %d columns\n",row,col);
 printw("Try resizing your window(if possible) and then run this program again");
 refresh();
 getch();
 endwin();
 return 0;
}

5. 输入函数

5.1 getch()

输入单个函数。cbreak()关闭行缓冲，noecho()关闭回显。

5.2 scanw()

与sscanf类似，通过wgetstr获取的行来进行扫描。

scanw()
wscanw()
mvwscanw()
vwscanw() => vscanf()

5.3 getstr()

获取一个字符串

5.4 输入例子

#include  /* ncurses.h includes stdio.h */ 
#include  
int main()
{
 char mesg[]="Enter a string: "; 
 char str[80];
 int row,col; 
 initscr(); 
 getmaxyx(stdscr,row,col);
 mvprintw(row/2,(col−strlen(mesg))/2,"%s",mesg);
 
 getstr(str);// 获取字符串
 mvprintw(LINES − 2, 0, "You Entered: %s", str);
 getch();
 endwin();
 return 0;
}

6. 属性

6.1 属性使用例子

getyx()获取游标当前位置
move移动游标

读取.c文件，加粗注释。

#include 
#include 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ 
 int ch, prev, row, col;
 prev = EOF;
 FILE *fp;
 int y, x;
 if(argc != 2)
 {
 printf("Usage: %s \n", argv[0]);
 exit(1);
 }
 fp = fopen(argv[1], "r");
 if(fp == NULL)
 {
 perror("Cannot open input file");
 exit(1);
 }
 initscr(); 
 getmaxyx(stdscr, row, col); 
 while((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) 
 {
 getyx(stdscr, y, x); 
 if(y == (row − 1)) 
 {
 printw("<−Press Any Key−>"); 
 getch();
 clear(); /*清屏*/
 move(0, 0); /*回到开头*/
 }
 if(prev == '/' && ch == '*') /*确定注释开始*/ 
 {
 attron(A_BOLD); /* 加粗 */
 getyx(stdscr, y, x); /* 获取当前位置 */
 move(y, x − 1); /* 回退*/
 printw("%c%c", '/', ch); /* 输出 */
 }
 else
 printw("%c", ch);
 refresh();
 if(prev == '*' && ch == '/')
 attroff(A_BOLD); /* 关闭加粗选项*/
 prev = ch;
 }
endwin();
 fclose(fp);
 return 0;
}

6.2 属性值

在头文件里面， 使用
attron(A_REVERSE |　A_BOLD)

#define WA_ATTRIBUTES	A_ATTRIBUTES
#define WA_NORMAL	A_NORMAL
#define WA_STANDOUT	A_STANDOUT
#define WA_UNDERLINE	A_UNDERLINE
#define WA_REVERSE	A_REVERSE
#define WA_BLINK	A_BLINK
#define WA_DIM		A_DIM
#define WA_BOLD		A_BOLD
#define WA_ALTCHARSET	A_ALTCHARSET
#define WA_INVIS	A_INVIS
#define WA_PROTECT	A_PROTECT
#define WA_HORIZONTAL	A_HORIZONTAL
#define WA_LEFT		A_LEFT
#define WA_LOW		A_LOW
#define WA_RIGHT	A_RIGHT
#define WA_TOP		A_TOP
#define WA_VERTICAL	A_VERTICAL

6.3 attrset() 与 attron()区别

attrset()删了重来
attron()只影响它自己指定的。

6.4 attrget()

获取属性

6.5 attr_系列函数

与前面函数一样，只是需要传入attr_t类型参数。还有扩展的wattr系函数。

6.6 chgat()函数

在不移动游标的情况下，设置一组字符的属性值。

chgat(−1, A_REVERSE, 0, NULL);
// 第一个参数，几个字符
// 第二个参数，属性值
// 第三个参数，颜色值
// 第四个参数，一直为NULL

使用样例

#include 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ initscr(); 
 start_color(); 
 init_pair(1, COLOR_CYAN, COLOR_BLACK);

printw("A Big string which i didn't care to type fully ");
 mvchgat(0, 0, −1, A_BLINK, 1, NULL); 

 refresh();
 getch();
 endwin(); /* End curses mode */
 return 0;
}

7. 窗口

ncurse中的一个重要概念，之前的大多数操作大多是在stdscr上进行的。

7.1 窗口相关函数

newwin()
delwin()
box(win, ch1, ch2)
// ch1 ch2 分别是边界上水平和垂直的字符
border(ls, rs, ts, bs, tl, tr, bl, br)
mvvline(y,x,ch1, num)
// 生成竖线
mvhline(y,x,ch2, num)
// 生成横线
// l: left s: side

7.2 使用样例1

#include 
WINDOW *create_newwin(int height, int width, int starty, int startx);
void destroy_win(WINDOW *local_win);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ WINDOW *my_win;
 int startx, starty, width, height;
 int ch;
 initscr(); 
 cbreak(); 
 keypad(stdscr, TRUE); // 按F1需要
 height = 3;
 width = 10;
 starty = (LINES − height) / 2; 
 startx = (COLS − width) / 2; 
 printw("Press F1 to exit");
 refresh();
 my_win = create_newwin(height, width, starty, startx);


while((ch = getch()) != KEY_F(1))
 { switch(ch)
 { case KEY_LEFT:
 destroy_win(my_win);
 my_win = create_newwin(height, width, starty,−−startx);
 break;
 case KEY_RIGHT:
 destroy_win(my_win);
 my_win = create_newwin(height, width, starty,++startx);
 break;
 case KEY_UP:
 destroy_win(my_win);
 my_win = create_newwin(height, width, −−starty,startx);
 break;
 case KEY_DOWN:
 destroy_win(my_win);
 my_win = create_newwin(height, width, ++starty,startx);
 break; 
 }
 }
 endwin(); /* End curses mode */
 return 0;
}
WINDOW *create_newwin(int height, int width, int starty, int startx)
{ WINDOW *local_win;
 local_win = newwin(height, width, starty, startx);
 box(local_win, 0 , 0); 
 wrefresh(local_win);
 return local_win;
}
void destroy_win(WINDOW *local_win)
{ 
 wborder(local_win, ' ', ' ', ' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ');

 wrefresh(local_win);
 delwin(local_win);
}

7.3 使用样例2

#include 
typedef struct _win_border_struct {
 chtype ls, rs, ts, bs, 
 tl, tr, bl, br;
}WIN_BORDER;
typedef struct _WIN_struct {
 int startx, starty;
 int height, width;
 WIN_BORDER border;
}WIN;
void init_win_params(WIN *p_win);
void print_win_params(WIN *p_win);
void create_box(WIN *win, bool flag);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ WIN win;
 int ch;
 initscr(); /* Start curses mode */
 start_color(); /* Start the color functionality */
 cbreak(); /* Line buffering disabled, Pass on
 * everty thing to me */
 keypad(stdscr, TRUE); /* I need that nifty F1 */
 noecho();
 init_pair(1, COLOR_CYAN, COLOR_BLACK);

 init_win_params(&win);
 print_win_params(&win);
 attron(COLOR_PAIR(1));
 printw("Press F1 to exit");
 refresh();
 attroff(COLOR_PAIR(1));
 create_box(&win, TRUE);
 while((ch = getch()) != KEY_F(1))
 { switch(ch)
 { case KEY_LEFT:
 create_box(&win, FALSE);
 −−win.startx;
 create_box(&win, TRUE);
 break;
 case KEY_RIGHT:
 create_box(&win, FALSE);
 ++win.startx;
 create_box(&win, TRUE);
 break;
 case KEY_UP:
 create_box(&win, FALSE);
 −−win.starty;
 create_box(&win, TRUE);
 break;
 case KEY_DOWN:
 create_box(&win, FALSE);
 ++win.starty;
 create_box(&win, TRUE);
 break; 
 }
 }
 endwin(); 
 return 0;
}
void init_win_params(WIN *p_win)
{
 p_win−>height = 3;
 p_win−>width = 10;
 p_win−>starty = (LINES − p_win−>height)/2; 
 p_win−>startx = (COLS − p_win−>width)/2;
 p_win−>border.ls = '|';
 p_win−>border.rs = '|';
 p_win−>border.ts = '−';
 p_win−>border.bs = '−';
 p_win−>border.tl = '+';
 p_win−>border.tr = '+';
 p_win−>border.bl = '+';
 p_win−>border.br = '+';
}
void print_win_params(WIN *p_win)
{
#ifdef _DEBUG
 mvprintw(25, 0, "%d %d %d %d", p_win−>startx, p_win−>starty, 
 p_win−>width, p_win−>height);
 refresh();
#endif
}
void create_box(WIN *p_win, bool flag)
{ int i, j;
 int x, y, w, h;
 x = p_win−>startx;
 y = p_win−>starty;
 w = p_win−>width;
 h = p_win−>height;
 if(flag == TRUE)
 { mvaddch(y, x, p_win−>border.tl);
 mvaddch(y, x + w, p_win−>border.tr);
 mvaddch(y + h, x, p_win−>border.bl);
 mvaddch(y + h, x + w, p_win−>border.br);
 mvhline(y, x + 1, p_win−>border.ts, w − 1);
 mvhline(y + h, x + 1, p_win−>border.bs, w − 1);
 mvvline(y + 1, x, p_win−>border.ls, h − 1);
 mvvline(y + 1, x + w, p_win−>border.rs, h − 1);
 }
 else
 for(j = y; j <= y + h; ++j)
 for(i = x; i <= x + w; ++i)
 mvaddch(j, i, ' ');
 refresh();
}

8. 颜色

has_colors()来测试是否有颜色，start_color()在使用颜色之前需要进行调用。
init_color()初始化颜色。

8.1 代码示例

#include 
void print_in_middle(WINDOW *win, int starty, int startx, int width, char *string);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ 
    initscr();
    if(has_colors() == FALSE)
    { 
        endwin();
        printf("Your terminal does not support color\n");
        exit(1);
 	}
 start_color(); 
 init_pair(1, COLOR_RED, COLOR_BLACK);
 attron(COLOR_PAIR(1));
 print_in_middle(stdscr, LINES / 2, 0, 0, "Viola !!! In color ...");
 attroff(COLOR_PAIR(1));
 getch();
 endwin();
}
void print_in_middle(WINDOW *win, int starty, int startx, int width, char *string)
{ int length, x, y;
 float temp;
 if(win == NULL)
 win = stdscr;
 getyx(win, y, x);
 if(startx != 0)
 x = startx;
 if(starty != 0)
 y = starty;
 if(width == 0)
 width = 80;
 length = strlen(string);
 temp = (width − length)/ 2;
 x = startx + (int)temp;
 mvwprintw(win, y, x, "%s", string);
 refresh();
}

8.2 颜色宏定义

#define COLOR_BLACK	0
#define COLOR_RED	1
#define COLOR_GREEN	2
#define COLOR_YELLOW	3
#define COLOR_BLUE	4
#define COLOR_MAGENTA	5
#define COLOR_CYAN	6
#define COLOR_WHITE	7

8.3 改变颜色定义

用init_color(COLOR_RED, 0, 0, 400)
后面跟的是颜色的rgb的值。

8.4 颜色内容

color_content()和pair_content()可以获取颜色内容，前景、背景对。

8.5 chgat()函数

不移动游标的情况下，改变一组字符的颜色。
chgat(−1, A_REVERSE, 0, NULL)

使用例子

#include 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ 
initscr(); 
 start_color(); 
 init_pair(1, COLOR_CYAN, COLOR_BLACK);
 printw("A Big string which i didn't care to type fully ");
 mvchgat(0, 0, −1, A_BLINK, 1, NULL); 

 refresh();
 getch();
 endwin(); /* End curses mode */
 return 0;
}

9. 键盘交互

9.1 基本用法

接受键盘的信号还是通过输入字符的判断来实现的。

int ch;
ch = getch();

if (ch == KEY_F1)
	...// 应用逻辑

9.2 使用范例

#include 
#include 

#define WIDTH 30
#define HEIGHT 10 

int startx = 0;
int starty = 0;

char *choices[] = { 
			"Choice 1",
			"Choice 2",
			"Choice 3",
			"Choice 4",
			"Exit",
		  };
int n_choices = sizeof(choices) / sizeof(char *);
void print_menu(WINDOW *menu_win, int highlight);

int main()
{	WINDOW *menu_win;
	int highlight = 1;
	int choice = 0;
	int c;

	initscr();
	clear();
	noecho();
	cbreak();	/* Line buffering disabled. pass on everything */
	startx = (80 - WIDTH) / 2;
	starty = (24 - HEIGHT) / 2;
		
	menu_win = newwin(HEIGHT, WIDTH, starty, startx);
	keypad(menu_win, TRUE);
	mvprintw(0, 0, "Use arrow keys to go up and down, Press enter to select a choice");
	refresh();
	print_menu(menu_win, highlight);
	while(1)
	{	c = wgetch(menu_win);
		switch(c)
		{	case KEY_UP:
				if(highlight == 1)
					highlight = n_choices;
				else
					--highlight;
				break;
			case KEY_DOWN:
				if(highlight == n_choices)
					highlight = 1;
				else 
					++highlight;
				break;
			case 10:
				choice = highlight;
				break;
			default:
				mvprintw(24, 0, "Charcter pressed is = %3d Hopefully it can be printed as '%c'", c, c);
				refresh();
				break;
		}
		print_menu(menu_win, highlight);
		if(choice != 0)	/* User did a choice come out of the infinite loop */
			break;
	}	
	mvprintw(23, 0, "You chose choice %d with choice string %s\n", choice, choices[choice - 1]);
	clrtoeol();
	refresh();
	endwin();
	return 0;
}


void print_menu(WINDOW *menu_win, int highlight)
{
	int x, y, i;	

	x = 2;
	y = 2;
	box(menu_win, 0, 0);
	for(i = 0; i < n_choices; ++i)
	{	if(highlight == i + 1) /* High light the present choice */
		{	wattron(menu_win, A_REVERSE); 
			mvwprintw(menu_win, y, x, "%s", choices[i]);
			wattroff(menu_win, A_REVERSE);
		}
		else
			mvwprintw(menu_win, y, x, "%s", choices[i]);
		++y;
	}
	wrefresh(menu_win);
}

10. 与鼠标交互

10.1 基本介绍

需要用函数mousemask( mmask_t newmask, mmask_t *oldmask)来开启监听鼠标的事件。

鼠标事件

 	   BUTTON1_PRESSED          mouse button 1 down
       BUTTON1_RELEASED         mouse button 1 up
       BUTTON1_CLICKED          mouse button 1 clicked
       BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED   mouse button 1 double clicked
       BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED   mouse button 1 triple clicked
       BUTTON2_PRESSED          mouse button 2 down
       BUTTON2_RELEASED         mouse button 2 up
       BUTTON2_CLICKED          mouse button 2 clicked
       BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED   mouse button 2 double clicked
       BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED   mouse button 2 triple clicked
       BUTTON3_PRESSED          mouse button 3 down
       BUTTON3_RELEASED         mouse button 3 up
       BUTTON3_CLICKED          mouse button 3 clicked
       BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED   mouse button 3 double clicked
       BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED   mouse button 3 triple clicked
       BUTTON4_PRESSED          mouse button 4 down
       BUTTON4_RELEASED         mouse button 4 up
       BUTTON4_CLICKED          mouse button 4 clicked
       BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED   mouse button 4 double clicked
       BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED   mouse button 4 triple clicked
       BUTTON_SHIFT             shift was down during button state change
       BUTTON_CTRL              control was down during button state change
       BUTTON_ALT               alt was down during button state change
       ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS         report all button state changes
       REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION    report mouse movement

10.2 监听鼠标事件

通过getMouse(MEVENT *) 来获取鼠标事件的状态。

事件的结构体

 typedef struct
    {
        short id;         /* ID to distinguish multiple devices */
        int x, y, z;      /* event coordinates */
        mmask_t bstate;   /* button state bits */
    }   

判断事件发生

 MEVENT event;

    ch = getch();
    if(ch == KEY_MOUSE)
        if(getmouse(&event) == OK)
            .    /* Do some thing with the event */
            .
            .
            if(event.bstate & BUTTON1_PRESSED)
        		printw("Left Button Pressed");

10.3 使用实例

#include 

#define WIDTH 30
#define HEIGHT 10 

int startx = 0;
int starty = 0;

char *choices[] = { 	"Choice 1",
			"Choice 2",
			"Choice 3",
			"Choice 4",
			"Exit",
		  };

int n_choices = sizeof(choices) / sizeof(char *);

void print_menu(WINDOW *menu_win, int highlight);
void report_choice(int mouse_x, int mouse_y, int *p_choice);

int main()
{	int c, choice = 0;
	WINDOW *menu_win;
	MEVENT event;

	/* Initialize curses */
	initscr();
	clear();
	noecho();
	cbreak();	//Line buffering disabled. pass on everything

	/* Try to put the window in the middle of screen */
	startx = (80 - WIDTH) / 2;
	starty = (24 - HEIGHT) / 2;
	
	attron(A_REVERSE);
	mvprintw(23, 1, "Click on Exit to quit (Works best in a virtual console)");
	refresh();
	attroff(A_REVERSE);

	/* Print the menu for the first time */
	menu_win = newwin(HEIGHT, WIDTH, starty, startx);
	print_menu(menu_win, 1);
	/* Get all the mouse events */
	mousemask(ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS, NULL);
	
	while(1)
	{	c = wgetch(menu_win);
		switch(c)
		{	case KEY_MOUSE:
			if(getmouse(&event) == OK)
			{	/* When the user clicks left mouse button */
				if(event.bstate & BUTTON1_PRESSED)
				{	report_choice(event.x + 1, event.y + 1, &choice);
					if(choice == -1) //Exit chosen
						goto end;
					mvprintw(22, 1, "Choice made is : %d String Chosen is \"%10s\"", choice, choices[choice - 1]);
					refresh(); 
				}
			}
			print_menu(menu_win, choice);
			break;
		}
	}		
end:
	endwin();
	return 0;
}


void print_menu(WINDOW *menu_win, int highlight)
{
	int x, y, i;	

	x = 2;
	y = 2;
	box(menu_win, 0, 0);
	for(i = 0; i < n_choices; ++i)
	{	if(highlight == i + 1)
		{	wattron(menu_win, A_REVERSE); 
			mvwprintw(menu_win, y, x, "%s", choices[i]);
			wattroff(menu_win, A_REVERSE);
		}
		else
			mvwprintw(menu_win, y, x, "%s", choices[i]);
		++y;
	}
	wrefresh(menu_win);
}

/* Report the choice according to mouse position */
void report_choice(int mouse_x, int mouse_y, int *p_choice)
{	int i,j, choice;

	i = startx + 2;
	j = starty + 3;
	
	for(choice = 0; choice < n_choices; ++choice)
		if(mouse_y == j + choice && mouse_x >= i && mouse_x <= i + strlen(choices[choice]))
		{	if(choice == n_choices - 1)
				*p_choice = -1;		
			else
				*p_choice = choice + 1;	
			break;
		}
}

11. 屏幕操作

11.1 getyx(win, y,x )

取得游标此时的坐标

11.2 scr_dump()

保存屏幕信息

11.3 窗口保存

putwin()保存窗口信息到文件
getwin()
copywin()

12. 杂项

12.1 cur_set()

游标可见性设置

0 : invisible      or
1 : normal    or
2 : very visible.

12.2 暂时离开curse模式

#include 

int main()
{	
	initscr();			/* Start curses mode 		  */
	printw("Hello World !!!\n");	/* Print Hello World		  */
	refresh();			/* Print it on to the real screen */
	def_prog_mode();		/* Save the tty modes		  */
	endwin();			/* End curses mode temporarily	  */
	system("/bin/sh");		/* Do whatever you like in cooked mode */
	reset_prog_mode();		/* Return to the previous tty mode*/
					/* stored by def_prog_mode() 	  */
	refresh();			/* Do refresh() to restore the	  */
					/* Screen contents		  */
	printw("Another String\n");	/* Back to curses use the full    */
	refresh();			/* capabilities of curses	  */
	endwin();			/* End curses mode		  */

	return 0;
}

12.3 ACS_标量

#include 

int main()
{
        initscr();

        printw("Upper left corner           "); addch(ACS_ULCORNER); printw("\n"); 
        printw("Lower left corner           "); addch(ACS_LLCORNER); printw("\n");
        printw("Lower right corner          "); addch(ACS_LRCORNER); printw("\n");
        printw("Tee pointing right          "); addch(ACS_LTEE); printw("\n");
        printw("Tee pointing left           "); addch(ACS_RTEE); printw("\n");
        printw("Tee pointing up             "); addch(ACS_BTEE); printw("\n");
        printw("Tee pointing down           "); addch(ACS_TTEE); printw("\n");
        printw("Horizontal line             "); addch(ACS_HLINE); printw("\n");
        printw("Vertical line               "); addch(ACS_VLINE); printw("\n");
        printw("Large Plus or cross over    "); addch(ACS_PLUS); printw("\n");
        printw("Scan Line 1                 "); addch(ACS_S1); printw("\n");
        printw("Scan Line 3                 "); addch(ACS_S3); printw("\n");
        printw("Scan Line 7                 "); addch(ACS_S7); printw("\n");
        printw("Scan Line 9                 "); addch(ACS_S9); printw("\n");
        printw("Diamond                     "); addch(ACS_DIAMOND); printw("\n");
        printw("Checker board (stipple)     "); addch(ACS_CKBOARD); printw("\n");
        printw("Degree Symbol               "); addch(ACS_DEGREE); printw("\n");
        printw("Plus/Minus Symbol           "); addch(ACS_PLMINUS); printw("\n");
        printw("Bullet                      "); addch(ACS_BULLET); printw("\n");
        printw("Arrow Pointing Left         "); addch(ACS_LARROW); printw("\n");
        printw("Arrow Pointing Right        "); addch(ACS_RARROW); printw("\n");
        printw("Arrow Pointing Down         "); addch(ACS_DARROW); printw("\n");
        printw("Arrow Pointing Up           "); addch(ACS_UARROW); printw("\n");
        printw("Board of squares            "); addch(ACS_BOARD); printw("\n");
        printw("Lantern Symbol              "); addch(ACS_LANTERN); printw("\n");
        printw("Solid Square Block          "); addch(ACS_BLOCK); printw("\n");
        printw("Less/Equal sign             "); addch(ACS_LEQUAL); printw("\n");
        printw("Greater/Equal sign          "); addch(ACS_GEQUAL); printw("\n");
        printw("Pi                          "); addch(ACS_PI); printw("\n");
        printw("Not equal                   "); addch(ACS_NEQUAL); printw("\n");
        printw("UK pound sign               "); addch(ACS_STERLING); printw("\n");

        refresh();
        getch();
        endwin();

	return 0;
}

Ref

linux-ho-to