论文中作者贡献
Conceptualization（实验思路构思）：Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims
Methodology （方法设计）：Development or design of methodology; creation of models
Software（软件设计、电脑程序设计）：Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components
Validation（实验设计的核实）：Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/ reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs
Formal analysis（数据的分析）：Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data
Investigation（实验探究）：Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection
Resources（实验试剂材料准备）：Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools
Data Curation（数据整理）：Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse
Writing - Original Draft（初稿撰写）：Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation)
Writing - Review & Editing（初稿的审阅和修改）：Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision – including pre-or postpublication stages
Visualization（实验结果可视化，比如做图）：Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/ data presentation
Supervision（实验监督和领导）：Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team
Project administration（项目管理，区别与上一点，这一点注重在管理和协调整个实验过程的运行）：Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution
Funding acquisition（发表实验的资金支持）：Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication