离散数学英文名词解释及知识点汇总(第二章）
set 集合
N = natural numbers = {0,1,2,3….}
Z = integers = {…,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,…}
Z⁺ = positive integers = {1,2,3,…..}
R = set of real numbers
R+ = set of positive real numbers
C = set of complex numbers.
Q = set of rational numbers
Universal Set：全集
Empty Set:空集
Subset ：子集
Proper Subsets：真子集
Cardinality：基数 The cardinality of a finite set A, denoted by |A|, is the number of (distinct) elements of A.
Power Sets：幂集
Tuple：元组
Cartesian Product：笛卡尔积 
Truth Sets of Quantifiers：量词的真值集
Boolean Algebra：布尔代数
Union：并集
Intersection：交集
Complement：补集
Difference：差集
A – B = {x | x ∈ A Ù x ∉ B} = A ∩`B
Symmetric Difference：对称差集
Set Identities：集合恒等式
Membership Table：成员表
Generalized Unions and Intersections：广义并与交
Functions：函数
domain：定义域
codomain：陪域
range：值域
“陪域是输出的可能值的集。陪域是函数定义的一部分。而值域则是输出的实际值的集。”
Injections：单射函数 one-to-one or injective
Surjections：满射函数 onto or surjective
Bijections：双射函数 one-to-one correspondence or a bijection
Inverse Functions: 反函数
Graphs of Functions：函数图
Sequences：序列，数组
Summations：总和
notation：符号，记号
Geometric Progression：等比数列
Arithmetic Progression：等差数列
Strings：字符串
The empty string is represented by λ.
Recurrence Relations：递推关系
equation：方程式
Fibonacci Sequence：斐波那契数列
formula：公式
Product Notation (optional)：连乘
Summation Manipulations：求和运算
Geometric Series：几何级数
Cardinality of Sets：集合的基数
Computability：可计算性
Matrices：矩阵（Matrix）
Matrix Multiplication：矩阵乘法
Identity Matrix and Powers of Matrices：单位矩阵与矩阵的幂
Zero-One Matrices：零一矩阵
Boolean Product of Zero-One Matrices：零一矩阵的布尔积
A⊙B
Boolean Powers of Zero-One Matrices :零一矩阵的布尔幂
