Selenium（Java）快速入门 - 配简单的Demo演示

0. 概述

作用： 自动化Web应用程序以进行测试
 
官方网址： https://www.selenium.dev/zh-cn/

1. 爬虫使用

文档地址： https://www.selenium.dev/zh-cn/documentation/webdriver/

1.1 测试浏览器的版本

谷歌浏览器

Edge浏览器

Firefox开发版浏览器

Firefox正式版浏览器

1.2 下载驱动以及依赖

Java依赖下载

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.seleniumhq.seleniumgroupId>
  <artifactId>selenium-javaartifactId>
  <version>4.1.2version>
dependency>

 
驱动下载 == 必须跟浏览器的版本对应上，否则会报错哦

地址： https://www.selenium.dev/zh-cn/documentation/webdriver/getting_started/install_drivers/
 
当然驱动不想自己手动下载的话，让第三方驱动管理来帮你下自动适配你的浏览器所对应上的驱动。然后手动导入到IDEA上： https://github.com/bonigarcia/webdrivermanager**

 
驱动包管理器

 

1.3 代码

package work.linruchang.qq;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

/**
 * 作用：
 *
 * @author LinRuChang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/02/07
 * @since 1.8
 **/
public class SeleniumTest {
    
    /**
     * 谷歌测试
     *  指定某个浏览器的作用：感觉仅仅只是用于谷歌浏览器的绿色版本，因为第三方的谷歌浏览器基本就不生效
     *  缺陷：使用如百分浏览器、奶牛浏览器、星愿浏览器等第三方魔改谷歌浏览器基本都不生效，在selenium没找到这几个浏览器的Chromium驱动版本号
     * 第三方驱动包自动适配驱动版本无需手动指定WebDriverManager：https://github.com/bonigarcia/webdrivermanager
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void chromeTest() {

        //设置驱动
        //System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "G:\\Selenium\\driver\\chrome\\98.0.4758.80\\chromedriver.exe");
        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://read.douban.com/reader/column/4639817/chapter/24562734/?dcs=column&dcm=chapter-list");

        //获取文章标题
        WebElement titleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='chapter-header']/h1"));
        String titleContent = titleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(titleContent);

        //获取文章内容（此div包含标题）
        WebElement articleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='article']"));
        String articleContent = articleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(articleContent);

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.close();
    }



    /**
     * Edge测试
     *
     * 第三方驱动包自动适配驱动版本无需手动指定WebDriverManager：https://github.com/bonigarcia/webdrivermanager
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void edgeTest() {

        //设置驱动
        //System.setProperty("webdriver.edge.driver", "G:\\Selenium\\driver\\edge\\98.0.1108.43\\edgedriver_win64\\msedgedriver.exe");
        WebDriverManager.edgedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();
        driver.get("https://read.douban.com/reader/column/4639817/chapter/24562734/?dcs=column&dcm=chapter-list");

        //获取文章标题
        WebElement titleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='chapter-header']/h1"));
        String titleContent = titleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(titleContent);

        //获取文章内容（此div包含标题）
        WebElement articleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='article']"));
        String articleContent = articleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(articleContent);

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.close();
    }

    /**
     * 火狐测试
     *
     * 第三方驱动包自动适配驱动版本无需手动指定WebDriverManager：https://github.com/bonigarcia/webdrivermanager
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void firefoxTest() {

        //参考 {@link org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.SystemProperty}
        //浏览器可执行程序 == 不指定则默认使用C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe
        //System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "C:\\Program Files\\Firefox Developer Edition\\firefox.exe");

        //浏览器驱动包
        //System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "G:\\Selenium\\driver\\firefox\\89\\geckodriver.exe");
        WebDriverManager.firefoxdriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
        driver.get("https://read.douban.com/reader/column/4639817/chapter/24562734/?dcs=column&dcm=chapter-list");

        //获取文章标题
        WebElement titleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='chapter-header']/h1"));
        String titleContent = titleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(titleContent);

        //获取文章内容（此div包含标题）
        WebElement articleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='article']"));
        String articleContent = articleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(articleContent);

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.close();
    }



}

 
爬取数据成功

 

2 案例

2.1 爬豆瓣阅读小说-堕三都

package work.linruchang.qq;

import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Console;
import cn.hutool.http.HttpUtil;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler;

/**
 * 作用：
 *
 * @author LinRuChang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/02/07
 * @since 1.8
 **/
public class CrawlerTest {

    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void dousanduTest() {

        //设置驱动
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "G:\\Selenium\\driver\\chrome\\98.0.4758.80\\chromedriver.exe");
        //WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://read.douban.com/column/4639817/chapters?dcs=column&dcm=chapter-list");

        //获取目录所有的文章url地址，开始爬
        List<WebElement> chapterItemElements = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//a[@class='chapter-item  ']"));
        chapterItemElements.forEach(chapterItemElement -> {
            String href = chapterItemElement.getAttribute("href");
            WebElement titleElement = chapterItemElement.findElement(By.xpath("h3"));
            String title = titleElement.getText();

            Console.log("打开【{}】:{}",title,href);
            pageCrawl(href,new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\爬虫\\刘宇宁 - 堕三都.txt"));
        });

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.close();
    }


    /**
     * 爬取文章
     */
    @SneakyThrows
    public static void pageCrawl(String url, File file) {
        Assert.notBlank(url);
        Assert.notNull(file);

        //设置驱动
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "G:\\Selenium\\driver\\chrome\\98.0.4758.80\\chromedriver.exe");

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get(url);

        //获取文章标题
        WebElement titleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='chapter-header']/h1"));
        String titleContent = titleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(titleContent);

        //获取文章内容（此div包含标题）
        WebElement articleContentElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='article']"));
        String articleContent = articleContentElement.getText();
        System.out.println(articleContent);


        //文章爬到文件里
        Files.write(file.toPath(),articleContent.getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.WRITE,StandardOpenOption.APPEND,StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
        Files.write(file.toPath(),"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n".getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.WRITE,StandardOpenOption.APPEND,StandardOpenOption.CREATE);

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.close();
    }

}

2.2 爬取有道翻译结果

    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    static class TempContent<T> {
        T content;
        
        public static <M> TempContent<M> instance(M content) {
            return new TempContent<>(content);
        }
        
    }    

	@Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test1() {

        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://fanyi.youdao.com/");


        TempContent<String> tempRowContent = TempContent.instance("");
        TempContent<String> tempResultContent = TempContent.instance("");

        Stream.of(null,"猫", "狗", "狗", "老师，节日快乐", "码农并不幸福", "I Love You")
                .filter(StrUtil::isNotBlank)
                .forEachOrdered(rowContent -> {
                    WebElement inputOriginal = driver.findElement(By.id("inputOriginal"));
                    inputOriginal.clear();
                    inputOriginal.sendKeys(rowContent);

                    //静态等待，直到查到翻译结果打印出来 == 最多等10s,否则抛出异常
                    WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
                    WebElement transTarget1 = webDriverWait.until(currentDriver -> {
                        WebElement transTargetElem = driver.findElement(By.id("transTarget"));
                        String content = transTargetElem.getText();
                        boolean flag1 = StrUtil.equals(rowContent, tempRowContent.getContent());
                        boolean flag2 = StrUtil.isNotBlank(content) && !StrUtil.equals(content, tempResultContent.getContent());
                        return flag1 || flag2 ? transTargetElem : null;
                    });

                    String text = transTarget1.getText();
                    Console.log("【{}】翻译：【{}】", rowContent, text);
                    tempRowContent.setContent(rowContent);
                    tempResultContent.setContent(text);
                });

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.quit();

    }

2.3 爬取B站某用户的所有投稿视频链接 - 20220216

package work.linruchang.qq;

import cn.hutool.core.collection.CollUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Console;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

/**
 * 作用：
 *
 * @author LinRuChang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/02/07
 * @since 1.8
 **/
public class BilibiliTest {

    /**
     * 通过某位用户的视频展示页面爬取此用户所有视频链接
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test1() {
        Stream.of("https://space.bilibili.com/615412417/video?tid=0&page=1&keyword=&order=pubdate", "https://space.bilibili.com/501882526/video")
                .filter(StrUtil::isNotBlank)
                .parallel() //多线程
                .forEach(BilibiliTest::linkCapture);
    }

    /**
     * 通过用户名进行爬取每个用户的所有投稿视频播放链接
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test2() {
        Stream.of("黑马程序员", "尚学堂")
                .filter(StrUtil::isNotBlank)
                .parallel() //多线程
                .forEach(BilibiliTest::likeCaptureByUserName);
    }

    /**
     * 爬取某用户所有的视频链接
     *
     * @param userName B站用户名，【仅取用户搜索结果第一个】
     */
    @SneakyThrows
    public static void likeCaptureByUserName(String userName) {
        Assert.notBlank(userName);


        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        //等待组件
        WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(20));
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.get("https://www.bilibili.com/");

        Console.log("当前窗口：{}",driver.getWindowHandle());
        
        //搜索
        WebElement searchInput = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(".nav-search-input")));
        searchInput.sendKeys(userName + Keys.ENTER);

        //这里有坑必须切换新的Tab页去，找了半天才知道为什么后面一直执行不了，超链接点击后如果是新开Tab页面建议直接使用driver.navigate().to让其一直在当前Tab不用去切换
        driver.switchTo().window(CollUtil.getLast(driver.getWindowHandles()));
        Console.log("当前窗口：{}",driver.getWindowHandle());




        WebElement userBtn = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(".v-switcher-header-tabs li:nth-last-of-type(2) a")));
        driver.navigate().to(userBtn.getAttribute("href"));

        List<WebElement> userInfos = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.cssSelector("#user-list .user-item .headline a:nth-child(1)")));
        String userVidowsLink = null;
        if (CollUtil.isNotEmpty(userInfos)) {
            //查到的首位B站用户
            WebElement targetElem = userInfos.get(0);
            String targetElemText = targetElem.getText();
            driver.navigate().to(targetElem.getAttribute("href"));
            
            //【投稿】元素
            WebElement userVidowsLinkElem = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector("#navigator a:nth-child(3)")));
            userVidowsLink = userVidowsLinkElem.getAttribute("href");
            Console.log("输入参数用户名【{}】、结果参数用户名以及对应视频链接地址：【{}】:【{}】", userName, targetElemText, userVidowsLink);
        }

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.quit();

        //开始抓取此用户的所有视频链接
        linkCapture(userVidowsLink);
    }

    public static void linkCapture(String url) {
        Assert.notBlank(url);

        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        //等待组件
        WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5));

        driver.get(url);

        //视频所属的用户名
        WebElement userNameElem = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector("#h-name")));
        String userName = userNameElem.getText();
        String targetFile = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\爬虫\\" + userName + ".txt";


        Console.log("\n================B站视频归属链接【{}】===================\n", userName);

        int page = 0;
        int linkCount = 0;
        while (true) {
            try {
                Console.log("\n================第{}页的视频链接===================", ++page);
                List<WebElement> elements = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.cssSelector("#submit-video-list .cube-list a[class~=title]")));
                linkCount = CollUtil.size(elements) + linkCount;
                elements.forEach(element -> {
                    String content = StrUtil.format("{}:{}", element.getAttribute("title"), element.getAttribute("href"));
                    Console.log(content);
                    FileUtil.appendString(StrUtil.addSuffixIfNot(content, "\r\n"), targetFile, "utf-8");
                });

                //下一页
                WebElement nextPage = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(".be-pager-next")));
                nextPage.click();
            } catch (Exception e) {  //等待超时，说明无视频链接了
                String content = StrUtil.format("================链接爬取结束，共{}页，总数{}===================", page, linkCount);
                Console.log(content);
                FileUtil.appendString(StrUtil.addSuffixIfNot(content, "\r\n"), targetFile, "utf-8");
                break;
            }
        }

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.quit();
    }


}

爬取成功

3. 其他使用

3.1 监听弹框（alert、confirm、prompt）

本地静态页面 == C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/index.html

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Documenttitle>
head>

<body>
    
    <a id="testA" href="javascript:;">See an example alerta>
    <button id="alertBtn">See an example alertbutton>
body>

<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>
    $(function(){
        $("#alertBtn").click(() => {
            console.log("点击alertBtn")
        });

        $("#testA").click(() => {
            //确定按钮
            // alert("点击a标签")

            //确定、取消按钮
            // confirm("水电费第三方第三方confirm")

            //可输入内容、确定、取消按钮
            var content = prompt("神鼎飞丹砂发顺丰prompt弹框")
            alert(`prompt手动输入的内容：${content}`)
        })

    })
script>


html>

 

java

package work.linruchang.qq;

import cn.hutool.core.lang.Console;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import java.time.Duration;

/**
 * 作用：
 *
 * @author LinRuChang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/02/07
 * @since 1.8
 **/
public class BrowserTest {

    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test1() {

        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/index.html");

        //获取含有内容【See an example alert】的a标签节点
        WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.linkText("See an example alert"));
        webElement.click();

        //最多等待5秒弹框出现，如果依然没有则抛出异常
        Alert alert = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5)).until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());


        //Store the alert text in a variable
        String text = alert.getText();
        Console.log("弹框信息：{}",text);

        //填充prompt输入框内容
        alert.sendKeys("你好我是手动输入的内容");

        //关闭弹框 = 确认按钮 == alert、confirm、prompt
        alert.accept();
        //关闭弹框 = 取消按钮 = prompt
        //alert.dismiss();

        //仅prompt可输入内容
        if(text.contains("prompt弹框")) {
            Alert promptEndResult = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5)).until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
            String promptEndResultContent = promptEndResult.getText();
            Console.log("弹框结束后的信息：{}",promptEndResultContent);
        }


        //关闭浏览器
        //driver.quit();

    }


}

 

3.2 模拟百度搜索-并打印出结果

    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test2() {

        WebDriverManager.firefoxdriver().setup();
        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/");

        //百度输入框
        WebElement kw = driver.findElement(By.id("kw"));
        kw.sendKeys("selenium入门学习");
        
        //搜索框的结果：selenium入门学习ABCtre
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        actions.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).sendKeys(kw, "abc")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT).sendKeys(kw, "tre")
                .perform();
        
        
        //【百度一下】 按钮
        WebElement su = driver.findElement(By.id("su"));
        su.click();
        //这句等价于上面的两句 == 回车即查询
        //kw.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

        //将查询结果打印出来
        WebElement searchResultContentElement = driver.findElement(By.id("content_left"));
        String searchResultContent = searchResultContentElement.getText();
        Console.log(searchResultContent);

        //关闭浏览器
        driver.quit();

    }

 

3.3 等待 - 某些节点需特定条件才会显示出来（需等待时间）

3.3.1 硬性等待 - 等待指定秒数 - Thread.sleep - 不灵活

//等待5秒后在执行后续代码
Thread.sleep(5000);

3.3.2 隐式等待（最多检索某秒数，直到找到为止，超时仍未找到则报错） - 一旦设置，所有节点的查找都会有隐式等待的时间

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Documenttitle>
head>
<body>
    
    <a id="testA" href="javascript:;">See an example alerta>
    <button id="alertBtn">See an example alertbutton>
   
body>
<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>
    $(function(){
        $("#alertBtn").click(() => {
            console.log("点击alertBtn")
        });
        $("#testA").click(() => {
            //确定按钮
            // alert("点击a标签")
            //确定、取消按钮
            // confirm("水电费第三方第三方confirm")
            //可输入内容、确定、取消按钮
            var content = prompt("神鼎飞丹砂发顺丰prompt弹框")
            alert(`prompt手动输入的内容：${content}`)
        })
        setTimeout(() => {
            $("body").append("
延迟3秒后插入的节点内容
");
        },3000)
        setTimeout(() => {
            $("body").append("
延迟4秒后插入的节点内容
");
        },4000)
    })
script>
html>

    /**
     * 隐式等待
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test5() {
        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\index.html");

        //针对全局有效，整个生命周期，在设置的超时时间范围内不断查找元素，直到5秒仍然找不到则报错
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(5));

        WebElement delayElementId = driver.findElement(By.id("delayElementId"));
        String text = delayElementId.getText();
        Console.log("标签内容1：{}", text);

        WebElement delayElementId2 = driver.findElement(By.id("delayElementId2"));
        String text2 = delayElementId2.getText();
        Console.log("标签内容2：{}", text);

        //关闭浏览器
        //driver.quit();
    }

 
 
没设置隐式等待的结果 - 报错

 
设置隐式等待的结果 - 成功运行

3.3.3 显示等待 == 仅针对某个元素或某几个元素（非全局）的等待时间设置

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Documenttitle>
head>

<body>
    
    <a id="testA" href="javascript:;">See an example alerta>
    <button id="alertBtn">See an example alertbutton>

    

body>

<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>
    $(function(){
        $("#alertBtn").click(() => {
            console.log("点击alertBtn")
        });

        $("#testA").click(() => {
            //确定按钮
            // alert("点击a标签")

            //确定、取消按钮
            // confirm("水电费第三方第三方confirm")

            //可输入内容、确定、取消按钮
            var content = prompt("神鼎飞丹砂发顺丰prompt弹框")
            alert(`prompt手动输入的内容：${content}`)
        })


        setTimeout(() => {
            $("body").append("
延迟3秒后插入的节点内容
");
        },3000)

        setTimeout(() => {
            $("body").append("
延迟4秒后插入的节点内容
");
        },4000)



    })
script>


html>

 

    /**
     * 显式等待
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void test6() {
        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\index.html");

        //针对全局有效，整个生命周期，在设置的超时时间范围内不断查找元素，直到5秒仍然找不到则报错
        //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(5));

        WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5));
        WebElement delayElementId = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("delayElementId")));
        //WebElement delayElementId = driver.findElement(By.id("delayElementId"));
        String text = delayElementId.getText();
        Console.log("标签内容：{}", text);


        //这里会报错 == 不能立即找到元素
        WebElement delayElementId2 = driver.findElement(By.id("delayElementId2"));
        String text2 = delayElementId2.getText();
        Console.log("标签内容2：{}", text);

        //关闭浏览器
        //driver.quit();
    }

 

3.4 Tab页（窗口）切换 - 根据html某个条件进行切换

index.html

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>indextitle>
head>

<body>

    <h1>第一个页面h1>
    
    <a id="testA" href="javascript:;">See an example alerta>
    <button id="alertBtn">See an example alertbutton>

    <br/>
    <a href="./index2.html" target="_blank">第二个页面a>

    <br/>
    <a href="./index3.html" target="_blank">第三个页面a>

body>

<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>
    $(function(){
        $("#alertBtn").click(() => {
            console.log("点击alertBtn")
        });

        $("#testA").click(() => {
            //确定按钮
            // alert("点击a标签")

            //确定、取消按钮
            // confirm("水电费第三方第三方confirm")

            //可输入内容、确定、取消按钮
            var content = prompt("神鼎飞丹砂发顺丰prompt弹框")
            alert(`prompt手动输入的内容：${content}`)
        })


        setTimeout(() => {
            $("body").append("
延迟3秒后插入的节点内容
");
        },3000)

        setTimeout(() => {
            $("body").append("
延迟4秒后插入的节点内容
");
        },4000)



    })
script>


html>

 
index2.html

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>index2title>
head>

<body>
    
    <h1>第二个页面h1>

body>

<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>

script>


html>

 
index3.html

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>index3title>
head>

<body>
    
    <h1>第三个页面h1>

body>

<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>

script>


html>

    /**
     * 显式等待
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void tabSwitchTest() {
        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/index.html");


        Console.log("【新开页面前】当前所在的Tab（窗口）标识：{}",driver.getWindowHandle());
        Console.log("【新开页面前】当前共有的Tab（窗口）标识（{}）：{}\n",driver.getWindowHandles().size(),driver.getWindowHandles());

        //新开两个Tab页，当前共有3个Tab
        driver.findElement(By.linkText("第二个页面")).click();
        driver.findElement(By.linkText("第三个页面")).click();

        Console.log("【新开页面后】当前所在的Tab（窗口）标识：{}",driver.getWindowHandle());
        Console.log("【新开页面后】当前共有的Tab（窗口）标识（{}）：{}\n",driver.getWindowHandles().size(),driver.getWindowHandles());



        //切换到第三个页面
        for (String windowHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
            String pageTitle = driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle).getTitle();
            //根据页面的title节点进行切换
            if(StrUtil.equals(pageTitle,"index3")) {
                Console.log("Tabe切换成功：index3页面");
                break;
            }
        }
        Console.log("【切换页面后】当前所在的Tab（窗口）标识：{}",driver.getWindowHandle());
        Console.log("【切换页面后】当前共有的Tab（窗口）标识（{}）：{}",driver.getWindowHandles().size(),driver.getWindowHandles());


    }

 

3.5 执行JS

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>index2title>
head>
<body>
   
    <h1>第二个页面h1>
body>
<script src="G:\VsCode\开源\jquery-3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.min.js">script>
<script>
script>
html>

 

    /**
     * select控件使用
     */
    @Test
    @SneakyThrows
    public void jsPerformETest() {
        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.get("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\index2.html");

        Thread.sleep(1000);
        JavascriptExecutor javascriptExecutor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        javascriptExecutor.executeScript("$(\"body\").append(\"
selenium自动化添加的JS执行
\");");

    }

4. 浏览器插件 - 动作录制以及重放

4.1 下载插件

//去谷歌、edge浏览器的插件商场上找插件
selenium ide


//去火狐找
selenium ide
Katalon Recorder (Selenium tests generator)

4.2 设置浏览器防止重放失败

4.3 动作录制以及重放 - 自行去B站看视频（写博客没啥意义）