https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel
中文:https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D
一句话解释,之前我们讲解过的Hystrix
1.3 去哪下
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
1.5 怎么玩
https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html#_spring_cloud_alibaba_sentinel
服务使用中的各种问题: 服务雪崩、服务降级、服务熔断、服务限流
后台
前台8080
2.安装步骤
2.1 下载
网址:https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
下载到本地sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
2.2 运行命令
2.2.1 前提
1、java8环境OK
2、8080端口不能被占用
2.2.2 命令
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
1、http://localhost:8080
2、登录账号密码均为sentinel
1.启动Nacos8848成功
http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login
2.新建Module
2.1 新建module
cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
2.2 改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud190805</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--openfeign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.6.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.3 新建yml
server:
port: 8401
spring:
application:
name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
#Nacos服务注册中心地址
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
2.4 主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-09 18:49
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApp8401
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
}
}
2.5 业务类FlowLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-01-09 16:34
*/
@RestController
public class FlowLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/testA")
public String testA()
{
return "------testA";
}
@GetMapping("/testB")
public String testB()
{
return "------testB";
}
}
3.启动Sentinel8080
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
4.启动微服务8401
5.启动8401微服务后查看sentienl控制台
5.1 空空如也,啥都没有
5.2 Sentinel采用的懒加载说明
1、执行一次访问即可
http://localhost:8401/testA
http://localhost:8401/testB
2、效果
5.3 结论
sentinel8080正在监控微服务8401
2.流控模式
2.1 直接(默认)
2.1.1 直接 -> 快速失败
系统默认
2.1.2 配置及说明
表示1秒钟内查询1次就是OK,若超过次数1,就直接-快速失败,报默认错误
1、快速点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
2、结果:Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
3、思考??
直接调用默认报错信息,技术方面OK 。but,是否应该有我们自己的后续处理?
类似有个fallback的兜底方法?
2.2 关联
2.2.1 是什么
当关联的资源达到阈值时,就限流自己
当与A关联的资源B达到阈值后,就限流A自己
B惹事,A挂了。
2.2.2 配置A
设置效果
当关联资源/testB的qps阀值超过1时,就限流/testA的Rest访问地址,当关联资源到阈值后限制配置好的资源名
2.2.3 postman模拟并发密集访问testB
2.2.3.1 访问testB成功
2.2.3.4 Run
大批量线程高并发访问B,导致A失效了
2.2.4 运行后发现testA挂了
点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
结果:Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
2.3 链路
1、多个请求调用了同一个微服务
2、家庭作业试试
3.流控效果
3.1 直接->快速失败(默认的流控处理)
1、直接失败,抛出异常
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
2、源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.DefaultController
3.2 预热
3.2.1 说明
公式:阈值除以coldFactor(默认值为3),经过预热时长后才会达到阈值
3.2.2 官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6
1、默认coldFactor为3,即请求 QPS 从 threshold / 3 开始,经预热时长逐渐升至设定的 QPS 阈值。
2、限流冷启动
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81—%E5%86%B7%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8
3.2.3 源码
1、com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.WarmUpController
2、
3.2.4 WarmUp配置
1、默认 coldFactor 为 3,即请求QPS从(threshold / 3) 开始,经多少预热时长才逐渐升至设定的 QPS 阈值。
2、案例,阀值为10+预热时长设置5秒。
系统初始化的阀值为10 / 3 约等于3,即阀值刚开始为3;然后过了5秒后阀值才慢慢升高恢复到10
3.2.5 多次点击http://localhost:8401/testB
刚开始不行,后续慢慢OK
3.2.6 应用场景
如:秒杀系统在开启的瞬间,会有很多流量上来,很有可能把系统打死,预热方式就是把为了保护系统,可慢慢的把流量放进来,慢慢的把阀值增长到设置的阀值。
3.3 排队等待
1、 匀速排队,让请求以均匀的速度通过,阀值类型必须设成QPS,否则无效。
2、设置含义:/testA每秒1次请求,超过的话就排队等待,等待的超时时间为20000毫秒。
3.3.1 匀速排队,阈值必须设置为QPS
3.3.2 官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6
3.3.3 源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.RateLimiterController
1.官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%86%94%E6%96%AD%E9%99%8D%E7%BA%A7
2.基本介绍
1、RT(平均响应时间,秒级)
平均响应时间 超出阈值 且 在时间窗口内通过的请求>=5,两个条件同时满足后触发降级
窗口期过后关闭断路器
RT最大4900(更大的需要通过-Dcsp.sentinel.statistic.max.rt=XXXX才能生效)
2、异常比列(秒级)
QPS >= 5 且异常比例(秒级统计)超过阈值时,触发降级;时间窗口结束后,关闭降级
3、异常数(分钟级)
异常数(分钟统计)超过阈值时,触发降级;时间窗口结束后,关闭降级
2.1进一步说明
1、 Sentinel 熔断降级会在调用链路中某个资源出现不稳定状态时(例如调用超时或异常比例升高),对这个资源的调用进行限制,
让请求快速失败,避免影响到其它的资源而导致级联错误。
2、当资源被降级后,在接下来的降级时间窗口之内,对该资源的调用都自动熔断(默认行为是抛出 DegradeException)。
2.2Sentinel的断路器是没有半开状态的
1、半开的状态系统自动去检测是否请求有异常,
没有异常就关闭断路器恢复使用,
有异常则继续打开断路器不可用。具体可以参考Hystrix
2、复习Hystrix
3.降级策略实战
3.1 RT
3.1.1 是什么
3.1.2 测试
@GetMapping("/testD")
public String testD()
{
//暂停几秒钟线程
try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
log.info("testD 测试RT");
return "------testD";
}
按照上述配置,
1、永远一秒钟打进来10个线程(大于5个了)调用testD,我们希望200毫秒处理完本次任务,
如果超过200毫秒还没处理完,在未来1秒钟的时间窗口内,断路器打开(保险丝跳闸)微服务不可用,保险丝跳闸断电了
2、后续我停止jmeter,没有这么大的访问量了,断路器关闭(保险丝恢复),微服务恢复OK
3.2.2 测试
@GetMapping("/testD")
public String testD()
{
log.info("testD 测试RT");
int age = 10/0;
return "------testD";
}
按照上述配置,
单独访问一次,必然来一次报错一次(int age = 10/0),调一次错一次;
开启jmeter后,直接高并发发送请求,多次调用达到我们的配置条件了。
断路器开启(保险丝跳闸),微服务不可用了,不再报错error而是服务降级了。
3.3 异常数
3.3.1 是什么
3.3.2 测试
@GetMapping("/testE")
public String testE()
{
log.info("testE 测试异常比例");
int age = 10/0;
return "------testE 测试异常比例";
}
http://localhost:8401/testE,第一次访问绝对报错,因为除数不能为零,
我们看到error窗口,但是达到5次报错后,进入熔断后降级。
6.1 基本介绍
何为热点
热点即经常访问的数据,很多时候我们希望统计或者限制某个热点数据中访问频次最高的TopN数据,并对其访问进行限流或者其它操作
6.2 官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81
6.3 承上启下复习start(@SentinelResource)
1、兜底方法
分为系统默认和客户自定义,两种
2、之前的case,限流出问题后,都是用sentinel系统默认的提示:Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
3、我们能不能自定?类似hystrix,某个方法出问题了,就找对应的兜底降级方法?
4、结论
从HystrixCommand 到@SentinelResource
6.4 代码
@GetMapping("/testHotKey")
@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler = "dealHandler_testHotKey")
public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "p1",required = false) String p1,
@RequestParam(value = "p2",required = false) String p2){
return "------testHotKey";
}
public String dealHandler_testHotKey(String p1,String p2,BlockException exception)
{
return "-----dealHandler_testHotKey";
}
sentinel系统默认的提示:Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
限流模式只支持QPS模式,固定写死了。(这才叫热点)
@SentinelResource注解的方法参数索引,0代表第一个参数,1代表第二个参数,以此类推
单机阀值以及统计窗口时长表示在此窗口时间超过阀值就限流。
上面的抓图就是第一个参数有值的话,1秒的QPS为1,超过就限流,限流后调用dealHandler_testHotKey支持方法。
1、情况一
@SentinelResource(value = “testHotKey”)
异常打到了前台用户界面看到,不友好
2、情况二
@SentinelResource(value = “testHotKey”,blockHandler = “dealHandler_testHotKey”)
2.1方法testHotKey里面第一个参数只要QPS超过每秒1次,马上降级处理。
2.2用了我们自己定义的
6.7 参数例外项
1、上述案例演示了第一个参数p1,当QPS超过1秒1次点击后马上被限流
2、特例情况
2.1 普通
超过1秒钟一个后,达到阈值1后马上被限流
2.2 特例
我们期望p1参数当它是某个特殊值时,它的限流值和平时不一样。假如当p1的值等于5时,它的阈值可以达到200。
3、配置
4、测试
5、前提条件
热点参数的注意点,参数必须是基本类型或者String
6.8 其它
ps:添加异常看看
1、@SentinelResource
处理的是Sentinel控制台配置的违规情况,有blockHandler方法配置的兜底处理;
2、RuntimeException
int age = 10/0,这个是java运行时报出的运行时异常RunTimeException,@SentinelResource不管
3、总结
@SentinelResource主管配置出错,运行出错该走异常走异常
1.是什么
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81
3.配置全局QPS
1、 按资源名称限流 + 后续处理
1.1 启动Nacos成功
1.2 启动Sentinel成功
1.3 修改8401服务Module
1.3.1 改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--openfeign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.6.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.3.2 改yml
server:
port: 8401
spring:
application:
name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
port: 8719
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
1.3.3 新建业务类RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 16:50
*/
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/byResource")
@SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult byResource()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
}
public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
{
return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
}
}
1.3.4 主启动类添加注解
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-09 18:49
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApp8401
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
}
}
1.4.3 表示1秒钟内查询次数大于1,就跑到我们自定义的处流,限流
1.5 测试
1.6 额外问题
此时关闭问服务8401看看?
1、 Sentinel控制台,流控规则消失了?????
2、 临时/持久?
2 、按照Url地址限流 + 后续处理
2.1 通过访问的URL来限流,会返回Sentinel自带默认的限流处理信息
2.2 修改业务类RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 16:50
*/
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/byResource")
@SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult byResource()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
}
public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
{
return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
}
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
@SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
public CommonResult byUrl()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
}
}
2.3 访问一次以下地址
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
2.5 测试
1、疯狂点击http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
2、结果
会返回Sentinel自带的限流处理结果
3 、上面兜底方案面临的问题
1 系统默认的,没有体现我们自己的业务要求。
2 依照现有条件,我们自定义的处理方法又和业务代码耦合在一块,不直观。
3 每个业务方法都添加一个兜底的,那代码膨胀加剧。
4 全局统一的处理方法没有体现。
4 、客户自定义县里处理逻辑
4.1 创建CustomerBlockHandler类用于自定义限流处理逻辑
4.2 自定义限流处理类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-10 13:01
*/
public class CustomerBlockHandler
{
public static CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception){
return new CommonResult(2020,"自定义的限流处理信息......CustomerBlockHandler");
}
}
4.3 RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler.CustomerBlockHandler;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 16:50
*/
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/byResource")
@SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult byResource()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
}
public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
{
return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
}
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
@SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
public CommonResult byUrl()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
}
/**
* 自定义通用的限流处理逻辑,
blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class
blockHandler = handleException2
上述配置:找CustomerBlockHandler类里的handleException2方法进行兜底处理
*/
/**
* 自定义通用的限流处理逻辑
*/
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")
@SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler",
blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class, blockHandler = "handleException2")
public CommonResult customerBlockHandler()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按客户自定义限流处理逻辑");
}
}
4.4 启动微服务后先调用一次
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler
5.2 Sentinel主要有三个核心api
1、SphU定义资源
2、Tracer定义统计
3、ContextUtil定义了上下文
sentinel整合ribbon + openFeign + fallback
1、Ribbon系列
1.1 提供者9003/9004
1.1.1 新建模块
新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004两个一样的做法
1.1.2 改pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.1.3 新建yml(记得修改不同的端口号9003/9004)
server:
port: 9003
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
1.1.4 主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:53
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
}
}
1.1.5 业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:54
*/
@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
public static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
static
{
hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
}
@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort: "+serverPort,payment);
return result;
}
}
1.1.6 测试地址
http://localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1
1.2 消费者84
1.2.1 新建模块
新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84
1.2.2 改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.2.3 新建yml文件
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
1.2.4 主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:22
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
}
}
1.2.5 业务类
1.2.5.1 ApplicationContextConfig类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
1.2.5.2 CircleBreakerController类
1、修改后请重启微服务
热部署对java代码级生效及时,对@SentinelResource注解内属性,有时效果不好
2、目的
fallback管运行异常;blockHandler管配置违规
3、测试地址
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
4、没有任何配置
给客户error页面,不友好
5、只配置fallback
5.1 编码
5.1.1 图说
5.1.2 本例sentinel无配置
5.2 结果
6、只配置blockHandler
6.1 编码
6.1.1 图说
6.1.2 本例sentinel需配置
异常超过2次后,断路器打开,断电跳闸,系统被保护
6.2 结果
7、fallback和blockHandler都配置
7.1 编码
7.1.1 图说
7.1.2 本例sentinel需配置
7.2 结果
若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都进行了配置,则被限流降级而抛出 BlockException 时只会进入 blockHandler 处理逻辑。
8、忽略属性
8.1 编码
8.1.1 图说
8.1.2 本例sentinel无配置
8.2 结果
程序异常打到前台了,对用户不友好
2、Feign系列
2.1 修改84模块
84消费者调用提供者9003
Feign组件一般是消费侧
2.2 改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud openfeign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.3 改yml(激活Sentinel对feign的支持)
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
#Nacos服务注册中心地址
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:
sentinel:
enabled: true
2.4 业务类
2.4.1 带@FeignClient注解的业务接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-10 17:17
* 使用 fallback 方式是无法获取异常信息的,
* 如果想要获取异常信息,可以使用 fallbackFactory参数
*/
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)//调用中关闭9003服务提供者
public interface PaymentService
{
@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}
2.4.2 fallback = paymentFallbackService.class
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-10 17:18
*/
@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService
{
@Override
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id)
{
return new CommonResult<>(444,"服务降级返回,没有该流水信息",new Payment(id, "errorSerial......"));
}
}
2.4.3 Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-25 16:05
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
//@SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置
//@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback只负责业务异常
//@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler",
exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
//本例是fallback
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
//本例是blockHandler
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
//==================OpenFeign
@Resource
private PaymentService paymentService;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/openfeign/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
if(id == 4)
{
throw new RuntimeException("没有该id");
}
return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
}
}
2.5 主启动类(添加@EnableFeignClients启动Feign的功能)
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:22
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
}
}
2.6 测试地址
http://localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1
2.7 结论
测试84调用9003,此时故意关闭9003微服务提供者,看84消费侧自动降级,不会被耗死
1、是什么
一旦我们重启应用,sentinel规则将消失,生产环境需要将配置规则进行持久化
2、怎么玩
将限流配置规则持久化进Nacos保存,只要刷新8401某个rest地址,sentinel控制台
的流控规则就能看到,只要Nacos里面的配置不删除,针对8401上sentinel上的流控规则持续有效
3、步骤
3.1 改模块
修改cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
3.2 改pom
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
3.3 改yml
server:
port: 8401
spring:
application:
name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
port: 8719
datasource:
ds1:
nacos:
server-addr: localhost:8848
dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
data-type: json
rule-type: flow
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
feign:
sentinel:
enabled: true # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
3.6 快速访问测试接口
3.8 重新启动8401再看sentinel
1、乍一看还是没有,稍等一会
2、多次调用:http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
3、重新配置出现了,持久化验证通过
ps:尚硅谷SpringCloud学习笔记
SpringCloud(第一章 零基础理论入门)
SpringCloud(第二章 从2.2.x和H版开始说起)
SpringCloud(第三章 关于Cloud各种组件的停更/升级/替换)
SpringCloud(第四章 服务架构编码构建)
SpringCloud(第五章 Eureka服务注册与发现)
SpringCloud(第六章 Zookeeper服务注册与发现)
SpringCloud(第七章 Consul服务注册与发现)
SpringCloud(第八章 Ribbon负载均衡服务调用)
SpringCloud(第九章 OpenFeign服务接口调用)
SpringCloud(第十章 Hystrix断路器)
SpringCloud(第十一章 Gateway新一代网关)
SpringCloud(第十二章 SpringCloud Config 分布式配置中心)
SpringCloud(第十三章 SpringCloud Bus 消息总线)
SpringCloud(第十四章 SpringCloud Stream 消息驱动)
SpringCloud(第十五章 SpringCloud Sleuth 分布式请求链路跟踪)
SpringCloud(第十六章 SpringCloud Alibaba 入门简介)
SpringCloud(第十七章 SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos服务注册和配置中心)
SpringCloud(第十八章 SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流)
SpringCloud(第十九章 SpringCloud Alibaba Seata处理分布式事务)
SpringCloud(第二十章 SpringCloud之雪花算法)