总结于狂神说java
他讲的很好,观看推荐
如何获得MyBatis?
maven仓库:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
<version>3.5.6version>
dependency>
Github:https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3
中文文档:https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/zh/index.html
数据持久化
思路:搭建环境–>导入Mybatis–>编写代码–>测试
搭建数据库
create database mybatis;
create table user(
id int(20)not null primary key,
name varchar(30) default null,
pwd varchar(30) default null
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8;
insert into user(id,name,pwd) values
(1,'夜深',123456),
(2,'张三',123456),
(3,'李四',123456);
新建一个普通的Maven项目
删除src目录
导入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
<version>5.1.47version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
<version>3.5.6version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>maven-repo.junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>4.13version>
dependency>
dependencies>
编写mybatis核心配置文件
DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="hadoop"/>
dataSource>
environment>
environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="org/mybatis/example/BlogMapper.xml"/>
mappers>
configuration>
编写mybatis核心类
package com.yeshen.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
//sqlSessionFactory--->sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory ;
static {
try {
//使用mybatis的第一步:获取sqlSessionFactory对象
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = null;
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory=new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//既然有了sqlSessionFactory,顾名思义,我们可以从中获得sqlSession对象
//sqlSession包含了面向数据库执行sql所需要的所有方法
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
实体类
Dao接口
public interface UserDao {
List<User> getUserList();
}
接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转换成一个Mapper配置文件
DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yeshen.dao">
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.yeshen.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user;
select>
mapper>
junit测试
public class UserDaoTest {
@Test
public void test(){
//第一步:获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//方式一:getMapper
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
//关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
}
}
namespace中的类名要和接口的类名保持一致
选择,查询语句:
编写接口
//查询全部用户
List<User> getUserList();
//根据id查询用户
User getUserById(int id);
//insert一个用户
int addUser(User user);
//update用户
int updateUser(User user);
//删除用户
int deleteUser(int id);
编写接口对应的mapper中的sql语句
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.yeshen.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user;
</select>
<select id="getUserById" resultType="com.yeshen.pojo.User" parameterType="int">
select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id};
</select>
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.yeshen.pojo.User">
insert into mybatis.user (id,name,pwd) value (#{id},#{name},#{pwd});
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.yeshen.pojo.User">
update mybatis.user set name=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id=#{id};
</update>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="com.yeshen.pojo.User">
delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id};
</delete>
测试
@Test
public void deleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
mapper.deleteUser(5);
//其中增删改需要提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
注意,增删改需要提交事务
假设,实体类或数据库中的表,字段过多,应该考虑使用Map
在xml文件中,value中的值必须和数据库对应,并且如果返回User类型,就需要new一个完整的User,使用Map可以不受限制,value中传入Map 的key,在使用时传入Map的value 用什么就传入什么,不需要new出不需要的字段
int addUser2(Map<String,Object> map);
<insert id="addUser2" parameterType="map">
insert into mybatis.user (id,name,pwd) value (#{userid},#{username},#{userpwd})
insert>
@Test
public void addUser2(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("userid",5);
map.put("username","asda");
map.put("userpwd","212313");
mapper.addUser2(map);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
mybatis-config.xml
MyBatis的配置文件中包含了会深深影响MyBatis行为的设置和属性信息
properties(属性)
settings(设置)
typeAliases(类型别名)
typeHandlers(类型处理器)
objectFactory(对象工厂)
plugins(插件)
environments(环境配置)
environment(环境变量)
transactionManager(事务管理器)
dataSource(数据源)
databaseIdProvider(数据库厂商标识)
mappers(映射器)
MyBatis 可以配置成适应多种环境
不过要记住:尽管可以配置多个环境,但每个 SqlSessionFactory 实例只能选择一种环境。
学会使用配置多套运行环境
Mybatis默认的事务管理是JDBC,连接池是:POOLED
可以通过properties属性来实现引用配置文件
这些属性可以在外部进行配置,并可以进行动态替换。你既可以在典型的 Java 属性文件中配置这些属性,也可以在 properties 元素的子元素中设置。【db.properties】
编写一个配置文件
db.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306?useSSL=false&characterEncoding&useUnicode=true
useranme=root
password=hadoop
核心配置文件中引入
<properties resource="db.properties">
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="hadoop"/>
properties>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.yeshen.pojo.User" alias="User"/>
typeAliases>
也可以指定一个包名,MyBatis会在包名下面搜索所需要的Java Bean,比如:
扫面实体类的包,他的默认别名就是这个类名的首字母小写
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.yeshen.pojo"/>
typeAliases>
在实体类比较少的时候使用第一种
如果实体类很多,使用第二种
第一种可以自己起名,第二种不行,如果非要起名,就在实体类上加注解
//@Alias(value = "hello")
public class User {
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MapperRegistry:注册绑定Mapper文件;
方式一:
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/yeshen/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
mappers>
方式二:使用class文件绑定注册
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.yeshen.mapper.UserMapper"/>
mappers>
注意点:
方式三:使用扫描包进行注入绑定
<package name="com.yeshen.mapper"/>
注意点:
作用域 和 生命周期 类别是至关重要的,因为错误的使用会导致非常严重的并发问题。
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder:
SqlSessionFactory:
SqlSession
结果集映射
id name pwd
id name password
<resultMap id="UserMap" type="User">
<result column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
<result column="pwd" property="password"/>
resultMap>
<select id="getUserById" resultMap="UserMap" parameterType="int">
select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id};
select>
如果一个数据库操作出现了异常,需要排错,日志就是最好的助手!
曾经:sout debug
现在:日志工厂
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在MyBatis中具体使用哪一个日志实现,在设置中设定
在mybatis核心配置文件中,配置日志
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
settings>
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什么是log4j?
<dependency>
<groupId>log4jgroupId>
<artifactId>log4jartifactId>
<version>1.2.17version>
dependency>
#将等级为DEBUG的日志信息输出到console和file这两个目的地,console和file的定义在下面的代码
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,console,file
#控制台输出的相关设置
log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.console.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=【%c】-%m%n
#文件输出的相关设置
log4j.appender.file = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=./log/kuang.log
log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=10mb
log4j.appender.file.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=【%p】【%d{yy-MM-dd}】【%c】%m%n
#日志输出级别
log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
settings>
直接测试运行刚才的查询
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简单使用
在要使用log4j的类中,导入包 import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
日志对象,加载参数为当前类的class对象
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserDaoTest.class);
日志级别
logger.info("info:进入了testLog4j");
logger.debug("debug:进入了testLog4j");
logger.error("error:进入了testLog4j");
使用limit分页
接口
//分页
List<User> getUserLimit(Map<String,Integer> map);
Mapper.xml
<select id="getUserLimit" resultMap="UserMap" parameterType="Map">
select * from mybatis.user limit #{startIndex},#{pageSize};
select>
测试
@Test
public void getUserLimit(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
HashMap<String,Integer> map=new HashMap<String,Integer>();
map.put("startIndex",0);
map.put("pageSize",2);
List<User> userLimit = mapper.getUserLimit(map);
for (User user : userLimit) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
三个面向区别:
注解在接口上实现
@Select("select * from mybatis.user")
List<User> getUsers();
在核心配置文件中绑定接口
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.yeshen.mapper.UserMapper"/>
mappers>
测试
@Test
public void getUsers(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUsers();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
本质:反射机制实现
底层:动态代理
Mybatis的执行过程
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设置事务自动提交
MybatisUtils
public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
}
写接口,加注解
@Select("select * from mybatis.user")
List<User> getUsers();
//方法存在多个参数。所有参数前面必须加上 @Param("id")注解
@Select("select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id}")
User getUserByID(@Param("id") int id);
@Insert("insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values(#{id},#{name},#{password})")
int addUser(User user);
@Update("update mybatis.user set name=#{name} where id=#{id}")
int updateUser(User user);
@Delete("delete from mybatis.user where name=#{name}")
int deleteUser(User user);
测试
//增
mapper.addUser(new User(7, "王浩楠", "15631"));
//查
List<User> userList = mapper.getUsers();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
//查
User user = mapper.getUserByID(1);
System.out.println(user);
//改
mapper.updateUser(new User(1,"we","13215"));
mapper.updateUser(new User(2,"你微笑时很美","13215"));
mapper.updateUser(new User(3,"957","13215"));
mapper.updateUser(new User(4,"xiye","13215"));
mapper.updateUser(new User(5,"康帝","13215"));
mapper.updateUser(new User(6,"大舅子","13215"));
//删
mapper.deleteUser(new User(2,"闪电狼","549"));
【注意:必须将接口注册到核心配置文件中!】
Lombok项目是一个Java库,它会自动插入编辑器和构建工具中,Lombok提供了一组有用的注释,用来消除Java类中的大量样板代码。仅五个字符(@Data)就可以替换数百行代码从而产生干净,简洁且易于维护的Java类。
使用步骤:
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<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
@Getter and @Setter
@FieldNameConstants
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode
@AllArgsConstructor, @RequiredArgsConstructor and @NoArgsConstructor
@Log, @Log4j, @Log4j2, @Slf4j, @XSlf4j, @CommonsLog, @JBossLog, @Flogger, @CustomLog
@Data
@Builder
@SuperBuilder
@Singular
@Delegate
@Value
@Accessors
@Wither
@With
@SneakyThrows
@val
1234567891011121314151617
@Data 无参构造,get,set,toString,hashcode,equals
@AllArgsConstructor 有参构造
@NoArgsConstructor 无参构造
说明:
@Data 无参构造,get,set,toString,hashcode,equals
@AllArgsConstructor 有参构造
@NoArgsConstructor 无参构造
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
}
12345678
多个学生一个老师;
alter table student ADD CONSTRAINT fk_tid foreign key (tid) references teacher(id)
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
resultMap>
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from mybatis.student;
select>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
select * from mybatis.teacher;
select>
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
from mybatis.student s,mybatis.teacher t
where s.tid=t.id;
select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
association>
resultMap>
实体类
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int tid;
}
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
private List<Student> students;
}
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher" parameterType="int">
select * from mybatis.teacher;
select>
<select id="getTeacherById" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.id tid,t.name tname
from mybatis.student s,mybatis.teacher t
where s.tid=t.id and t.id=#{tid}
select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
<result property="id" column="tid"/>
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
collection>
resultMap>
<select id="getTeacherById" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from mybatis.teacher where id=#{tid};
select>
<select id="getStudent" resultType="Student">
select * from mybatis.student where tid=#{tid};
select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
<collection property="students" column="id" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudent"/>
resultMap>
注意点:
什么是动态SQL:动态SQL就是根据不同的条件生成不同的SQL语句
所谓的动态SQL,本质上还是SQL语句,只是我们可以在SQL层面,去执行一个逻辑代码
动态 SQL 是 MyBatis 的强大特性之一。如果你使用过 JDBC 或其它类似的框架,你应该能理解
根据不同条件拼接 SQL 语句有多痛苦,例如拼接时要确保不能忘记添加必要的空格,还要注意去
掉列表最后一个列名的逗号。利用动态 SQL,可以彻底摆脱这种痛苦。
if
choose(when,otherwise)
trim(where,set)
foreach
vCREATE TABLE `mybatis`.`blog` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '博客id',
`title` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '博客标题',
`author` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '博客作者',
`create_time` datetime(0) NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
`views` int(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '浏览量',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
1.导包
2.编写配置文件
3.编写实体类
@Data
public class Blog {
private int id;
private String title;
private String author;
private Date createTime;// 属性名和字段名不一致
private int views;
}
4.编写实体类对应Mapper接口和Mapper.xml文件
<select id="queryBlogIF" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
select * from blog
<where>
<if test="title!=null">
and title = #{title}
</if>
<if test="author!=null">
and author = #{author}
</if>
</where>
</select>
只会选择其中一个执行
<select id="queryBlogChoose" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
select * from mybatis.blog
<where>
<choose>
<when test="title!=null">
title=#{title}
when>
<when test="author!=null">
and author=#{author}
when>
<otherwise>
and views=#{views}
otherwise>
choose>
where>
select>
where 元素只会在子元素返回任何内容的情况下才插入 “WHERE” 子句。而且,若子句的开头为 “AND” 或 “OR”,where 元素也会将它们去除。
<select id="queryBlogChoose" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
select * from mybatis.blog
<where>
<if test="title!=null">
title=#{title};
if>
<if test="author!=null">
author=#{author};
if>
where>
select>
set,自动去掉多余的逗号
<update id="updateBlog" parameterType="map">
update mybatis.blog
<set>
<if test="title!=null">
title=#{title},
if>
<if test="author!=null">
author=#{author},
if>
set>
where id=#{id}
update>
1.使用sql标签抽取公共部分
<sql id="choosr-title">
<choose>
<when test="title!=null">
title=#{title}
when>
<when test="author!=null">
and author=#{author}
when>
<otherwise>
and views=#{views}
otherwise>
choose>
sql>
2.在需要的地方用include标签引用
<select id="queryBlogChoose" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
select * from mybatis.blog
<where>
<include refid="choosr-title">include>
where>
select>
注意事项:
<select id="queryBlogForEache" parameterType="map" resultType="Blog">
select * from mybatis.blog
<where>
<foreach collection="ids" item="id" open="and (" close=")" separator="or">
id=#{id}
foreach>
where>
select>
动态SQL就是在拼接SQL语句,我们只要保证SQL的正确性,按照SQL的格式,去排列组合就可以了
建议:
查询 : 连接数据库,耗资源
一次查询的结果,给他暂存一个可以直接取到的地方 --> 内存:缓存
我们再次查询的相同数据的时候,直接走缓存,不走数据库了
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1.存在内存中的临时数据
2.将用户经常查询的数据放在缓存(内存)中,用户去查询数据就不用从磁盘上(关系型数据库文件)查询,从缓存中查询,从而提高查询效率,解决了高并发系统的性能问题
1.减少和数据库的交互次数,减少系统开销,提高系统效率
1.经常查询并且不经常改变的数据 【可以使用缓存】
测试步骤:
@Test
public void queryUserById(){
SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
long t1=System.currentTimeMillis();
User user = mapper.queryUserById(1);
System.out.println(user);
long t2=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(t2-t1);
System.out.println("--------------------");
long t3=System.currentTimeMillis();
User user2 = mapper.queryUserById(1);
System.out.println(user2);
long t4=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(t4-t3);
sqlSession.close();
}
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-WEAtUtoX-1622964765091)(C:\Users\10586\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210602220232615.png)]
1.查询不同的东西
2.增删改操作,可能会改变原来的数据,所以必定会刷新缓存
3.查询不同的Mapper.xml
4.手动清理缓存
sqlSession.clearCache();
一级缓存开启(SqlSession级别的缓存,也称为本地缓存)
步骤:
1.开启全局缓存
<!--显示的开启全局缓存-->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
2.在Mapper.xml中使用缓存
<!--在当前Mapper.xml中使用二级缓存-->
<cache
eviction="FIFO"
flushInterval="60000"
size="512"
readOnly="true"/>
3.测试
1.问题:我们需要将实体类序列化,否则就会报错
注意:
<select id="getUserById" resultType="user" useCache="true">
select * from user where id = #{id}
</select>
123
Ehcache是一种广泛使用的开源Java分布式缓存。主要面向通用缓存
1
1.导包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
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2.在mapper中指定使用我们的ehcache缓存实现
maven由于他的约定大于配置,以后遇到写的配置文件,无法导出或生效的问题,解决方案:
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
includes>
<filtering>falsefiltering>
resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/javadirectory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
includes>
<filtering>falsefiltering>
resource>
resources>
build>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/javadirectory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
includes>
resource>
resources>
build>
ser" useCache=“true”>
select * from user where id = #{id}
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## 自定义缓存-ehcache
Ehcache是一种广泛使用的开源Java分布式缓存。主要面向通用缓存
1
1.导包
```java
org.mybatis.caches
mybatis-ehcache
1.2.1
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2.在mapper中指定使用我们的ehcache缓存实现
maven由于他的约定大于配置,以后遇到写的配置文件,无法导出或生效的问题,解决方案:
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
includes>
<filtering>falsefiltering>
resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/javadirectory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
includes>
<filtering>falsefiltering>
resource>
resources>
build>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/javadirectory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
includes>
resource>
resources>
build>