windows nodejs mysql_通过node-mysql搭建Windows+Node.js+MySQL环境的教程_node.js

前言

MySQL是一款常用的开源数据库产品,通常也是免费数据库的首选。查了一下NPM列表,发现Nodejs有13库可以访问MySQL,felixge/node-mysql似乎是最受关注项目,我也决定尝试用一下。

要注意名字,”felixge/node-mysql”非”node-mysql”,安装部分会介绍这个小插曲!

目录

node-mysql介绍

建立MySQL测试库

node-mysql安装

node-mysql使用

1. node-mysql介绍

felixge/node-mysql是一个纯nodejs的用javascript实现的一个MySQL客户端程序。felixge/node-mysql封装了Nodejs对MySQL的基本操作,100% MIT公共许可证。

项目地址:https://github.com/felixge/node-mysql

2. 建立MySQL测试库

本地创建MySQL测试库:nodejs

~ mysql -uroot -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE nodejs;

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| nodejs |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL ON nodejs.* to nodejs@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nodejs';

mysql> GRANT ALL ON nodejs.* to nodejs@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'nodejs';

重新登陆MySQL

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -unodejs -p

Enter password: ******

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| nodejs |

| test |

+--------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> USE nodejs

Database changed

新建一个user表

CREATE TABLE t_user(

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,

name VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL ,

create_date TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT now()

)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX t_quiz_IDX_0 on t_user(name);

mysql> SHOW TABLES;

+------------------+

| Tables_in_nodejs |

+------------------+

| t_user |

+------------------+

1 row in set (0.04 sec)

3. node-mysql安装

我的系统环境

win7 64bit

Nodejs:v0.10.5

Npm:1.2.19

MySQL:Server version: 5.6.11 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

创建工程:nodejs-node-mysql

~ D:\workspace\javascript>mkdir nodejs-node-mysql

~ D:\workspace\javascript>cd nodejs-node-mysql

~ D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>npm install node-mysql

[email protected] node_modules\node-mysql

├── [email protected]

├── [email protected]

├── [email protected]

└── [email protected] ([email protected], [email protected])

这里有一个小插曲

安装“node-mysql”后,打开package.json文件发现,这个项目地址是

https://github.com/redblaze/node-mysql.git

从依赖关系可以看到,它依赖于mysql库,是对felixge/node-mysql的封装。

node-mysql1

由于这个项目star是0,fork也是0. 所以,我也不准备花时间测试了,重新安装felixge/node-mysql的包。

重新安装node-mysql

~ D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>rm -rf node_modules

~ D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>npm install [email protected]

npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mysql/2.0.0-alpha9

npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/mysql/2.0.0-alpha9

npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mysql/-/mysql-2.0.0-alpha9.tgz

npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/mysql/-/mysql-2.0.0-alpha9.tgz

npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/require-all/0.0.3

npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/bignumber.js/1.0.1

npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/require-all/0.0.3

npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/bignumber.js/1.0.1

[email protected] node_modules\mysql

├── [email protected]

└── [email protected]

这回就对了,继续下面的开发!

创建node程序启动文件:app.js

第一个测试

~ vi app.js

var mysql = require('mysql');

var conn = mysql.createConnection({

host: 'localhost',

user: 'nodejs',

password: 'nodejs',

database:'nodejs',

port: 3306

});

conn.connect();

conn.query('SELECT 1 + 1 AS solution', function(err, rows, fields) {

if (err) throw err;

console.log('The solution is: ', rows[0].solution);

});

conn.end();

运行node

~ D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app.js

The solution is: 2

这样我们就让Nodejs连接上了MySQL。

4. node-mysql使用

下面我们要对node-mysql的API进行常用的测试。

表新删改查

连接池配置

MySQL断线重连

连接池超时测试

1). 表新删改查修改app.js

~ vi app.js

var mysql = require('mysql');

var conn = mysql.createConnection({

host: 'localhost',

user: 'nodejs',

password: 'nodejs',

database: 'nodejs',

port: 3306

});

conn.connect();

var insertSQL = 'insert into t_user(name) values("conan"),("fens.me")';

var selectSQL = 'select * from t_user limit 10';

var deleteSQL = 'delete from t_user';

var updateSQL = 'update t_user set name="conan update" where name="conan"';

//delete

conn.query(deleteSQL, function (err0, res0) {

if (err0) console.log(err0);

console.log("DELETE Return ==> ");

console.log(res0);

//insert

conn.query(insertSQL, function (err1, res1) {

if (err1) console.log(err1);

console.log("INSERT Return ==> ");

console.log(res1);

//query

conn.query(selectSQL, function (err2, rows) {

if (err2) console.log(err2);

console.log("SELECT ==> ");

for (var i in rows) {

console.log(rows[i]);

}

//update

conn.query(updateSQL, function (err3, res3) {

if (err3) console.log(err3);

console.log("UPDATE Return ==> ");

console.log(res3);

//query

conn.query(selectSQL, function (err4, rows2) {

if (err4) console.log(err4);

console.log("SELECT ==> ");

for (var i in rows2) {

console.log(rows2[i]);

}

});

});

});

});

});

//conn.end();

控制台输出:

D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app.js

DELETE Return ==>

{ fieldCount: 0,

affectedRows: 2,

insertId: 0,

serverStatus: 34,

warningCount: 0,

message: '',

protocol41: true,

changedRows: 0 }

INSERT Return ==>

{ fieldCount: 0,

affectedRows: 2,

insertId: 33,

serverStatus: 2,

warningCount: 0,

message: '&Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0',

protocol41: true,

changedRows: 0 }

SELECT ==>

{ id: 33,

name: 'conan',

create_date: Wed Sep 11 2013 12:09:15 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间) }

{ id: 34,

name: 'fens.me',

create_date: Wed Sep 11 2013 12:09:15 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间) }

UPDATE Return ==>

{ fieldCount: 0,

affectedRows: 1,

insertId: 0,

serverStatus: 2,

warningCount: 0,

message: '(Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0',

protocol41: true,

changedRows: 1 }

SELECT ==>

{ id: 33,

name: 'conan update',

create_date: Wed Sep 11 2013 12:09:15 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间) }

{ id: 34,

name: 'fens.me',

create_date: Wed Sep 11 2013 12:09:15 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间) }

由于node的异步的,上面是一个连续的操作,代码会被写的支离破碎。我们可以通过async库对上面代码进行封装,请参考文章:Nodejs异步流程控制Async

2). 连接池配置

增加文件:app-pooling.js

~ vi app-pooling.js

var mysql = require('mysql');

var pool = mysql.createPool({

host: 'localhost',

user: 'nodejs',

password: 'nodejs',

database: 'nodejs',

port: 3306

});

var selectSQL = 'select * from t_user limit 10';

pool.getConnection(function (err, conn) {

if (err) console.log("POOL ==> " + err);

conn.query(selectSQL,function(err,rows){

if (err) console.log(err);

console.log("SELECT ==> ");

for (var i in rows) {

console.log(rows[i]);

}

conn.release();

});

});

控制台输出:

D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app-pooling.js

SELECT ==>

{ id: 39,

name: 'conan update',

create_date: Wed Sep 11 2013 13:41:18 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间) }

{ id: 40,

name: 'fens.me',

create_date: Wed Sep 11 2013 13:41:18 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间) }

3). MySQL断线重连

分别模拟3种错误

a.登陆密码错误

b.数据库宕机

c.数据库连接超时

新增文件:app-reconnect.js

~ vi app-reconnect.js

var mysql = require('mysql');

var conn;

function handleError () {

conn = mysql.createConnection({

host: 'localhost',

user: 'nodejs',

password: 'nodejs',

database: 'nodejs',

port: 3306

});

//连接错误,2秒重试

conn.connect(function (err) {

if (err) {

console.log('error when connecting to db:', err);

setTimeout(handleError , 2000);

}

});

conn.on('error', function (err) {

console.log('db error', err);

// 如果是连接断开,自动重新连接

if (err.code === 'PROTOCOL_CONNECTION_LOST') {

handleError();

} else {

throw err;

}

});

}

handleError();

a. 模拟密码错误

修改password: ‘nodejs11'

控制台输出。

D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app-reconnect.js

error when connecting to db: { [Error: ER_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR: Access denied for user 'nodejs'@'localhost' (using pass

rd: YES)]

code: 'ER_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR',

errno: 1045,

sqlState: '28000',

fatal: true }

error when connecting to db: { [Error: ER_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR: Access denied for user 'nodejs'@'localhost' (using pass

rd: YES)]

code: 'ER_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR',

errno: 1045,

sqlState: '28000',

fatal: true }

b. 模拟数据库宕机正常启动node,然后杀掉mysqld的进程。

控制台输出。

D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app-reconnect.js

db error { [Error: read ECONNRESET]

code: 'ECONNRESET',

errno: 'ECONNRESET',

syscall: 'read',

fatal: true }

Error: read ECONNRESET

at errnoException (net.js:884:11)

at TCP.onread (net.js:539:19)

这个异常,直接导致node程序被杀死!

c. 模拟连接超时,PROTOCOL_CONNECTION_LOST切换到root账户, 修改MySQL的wait_timeout参数,设置为10毫秒超时。

~ mysql -uroot -p

mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout';

+---------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------+-------+

| wait_timeout | 28800 |

+---------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global wait_timeout=10;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout';

+---------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------+-------+

| wait_timeout | 10 |

+---------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

修改文件:app-reconnection.js,在最后增加代码

~ vi app-reconnection.js

function query(){

console.log(new Date());

var sql = "show variables like 'wait_timeout'";

conn.query(sql, function (err, res) {

console.log(res);

});

}

query();

setInterval(query, 15*1000);

程序会每融15秒,做一次查询。

控制台输出

D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app-reconnect.js

Wed Sep 11 2013 15:21:14 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)

[ { Variable_name: 'wait_timeout', Value: '10' } ]

db error { [Error: Connection lost: The server closed the connection.] fatal: true, code: 'PROTOCOL_CONNECTION_LOST' }

Wed Sep 11 2013 15:21:28 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)

[ { Variable_name: 'wait_timeout', Value: '10' } ]

db error { [Error: Connection lost: The server closed the connection.] fatal: true, code: 'PROTOCOL_CONNECTION_LOST' }

Wed Sep 11 2013 15:21:43 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)

[ { Variable_name: 'wait_timeout', Value: '10' } ]

我们自己的程序捕获了“PROTOCOL_CONNECTION_LOST”异常,并自动的实现了数据库重连。

4). MySQL连接池的超时测试

针对wait_timeout问题,我们再对连接做一下测试。

修改app-pooling.js文件

var mysql = require('mysql');

var pool = mysql.createPool({

host: 'localhost',

user: 'nodejs',

password: 'nodejs',

database: 'nodejs',

port: 3306

});

var selectSQL ="show variables like 'wait_timeout'";

pool.getConnection(function (err, conn) {

if (err) console.log("POOL ==> " + err);

function query(){

conn.query(selectSQL, function (err, res) {

console.log(new Date());

console.log(res);

conn.release();

});

}

query();

setInterval(query, 5000);

});

控制台输出:

D:\workspace\javascript\nodejs-node-mysql>node app-pooling.js

Wed Sep 11 2013 15:32:25 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)

[ { Variable_name: 'wait_timeout', Value: '10' } ]

Wed Sep 11 2013 15:32:30 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)

[ { Variable_name: 'wait_timeout', Value: '10' } ]

Wed Sep 11 2013 15:32:35 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)

[ { Variable_name: 'wait_timeout', Value: '10' } ]

连接池,已经解决了自动重连的问题了,后面我们的开发,可以尽量使用pooling的方式。

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