Openssl X509 v3 AuthorityKeyIdentifier实验与逻辑分析

       Openssl是X509的事实标准,目前主流OS或个别安全性要求较高的设计场景,对X509的证书链验证已经不在停留在只从数字签名校验了,也就是仅仅从公钥验签的角度,在这些场景中,往往还会校验AuthorityKeyIdentifier和SubjectKeyIdentifier的一致性,也即下级证书的AuthorityKeyIdentifier应该与上级证书的SubjectKeyIdentifier一致,这两个参数是X509 v3  extensions的范围。

        但是X509对SubjectKeyIdentifier与AuthorityKeyIdentifier本身以及它们之前的一致性校验逻辑,都没有严格的规定,因此我们只能follow Openssl的逻辑。

        Openssl的SubjectKeyIdentifier可以为hash,此时是公钥的160bit sha-1散列,或者是一个hex字符串,此时是人为预设的SubjectKeyIdentifier。

        Openssl的AuthorityKeyIdentifier是follow X509定义的,AuthorityKeyIdentifier实际上是一个组,有三个组成员,keyid,dirname,serialnum,keyid就是上级证书的SubjectKeyIdentifier。你可以提供authoritykeyidentifier=keyid,issuer,作为openssl参数,它会尽量把以上三个组成员给填满,为什么说尽量呢,因为上级证书可能压根就没有SubjectKeyIdentifier这个v3 extension属性。

        Openssl的证书链校验,如果提供了issuer_checks参数也是可以校验以上一致性的。

        openssl配置subjectKeyIdentifier = hash,此时openssl在签发证书时,会加入subjectKeyIdentifier参数,如果subjectKeyIdentifier这个参数没有的话,缺省是不会有任何subjectKeyIdentifier被加入的。

        此时如果authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer,那么只有issuer有效,也即会加入上级证书的dirname,serialnum。

        当subjectKeyIdentifier = hash;authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer时,产生的下级证书如下图。

Openssl X509 v3 AuthorityKeyIdentifier实验与逻辑分析_第1张图片

        当没有subjectKeyIdentifier = hash;authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always时,产生的下级证书如下图。其中issuer:always强制加入dirname,serialnum两项。

Openssl X509 v3 AuthorityKeyIdentifier实验与逻辑分析_第2张图片

        当没有subjectKeyIdentifier配置;仅有authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer时,产生的下级证书如下图。可以看到CA证书没有 subjectKeyIdentifier,下级证书没办法复制到subjectKeyIdentifier因此authorityKeyIdentifier 仅有其他两项。Openssl X509 v3 AuthorityKeyIdentifier实验与逻辑分析_第3张图片

        以上各种情况,均可以通过以下命令验证通过。

        openssl verify -CAfile cacert.pem --issuer_checks certwork.pem

以下为用到的配置文件与测试命令。

[ req ]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
policy             = policy_match
x509_extensions     = v3_ca

# For the CA policy
[ policy_match ]
countryName             = optional
stateOrProvinceName     = optional
organizationName        = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName                     = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default             = IN
countryName_min                 = 2
countryName_max                 = 2
stateOrProvinceName             = State or Province Name (full name) ## Print this message
stateOrProvinceName_default     = KARNATAKA ## This is the default value
localityName                    = Locality Name (eg, city) ## Print this message
localityName_default            = BANGALORE ## This is the default value
0.organizationName              = Organization Name (eg, company) ## Print this message
0.organizationName_default      = GoLinuxCloud ## This is the default value
organizationalUnitName          = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) ## Print this message
organizationalUnitName_default  = Admin ## This is the default value
commonName                      = Common Name (eg, your name or your server hostname) ## Print this message
commonName_max                  = 64
emailAddress                    = Email Address ## Print this message
emailAddress_max                = 64

[ v3_ca ]
#subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"

[ v3_work ]
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:awlays,issuer:always
basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"
openssl genrsa -out private.pem 2048

openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -config opensslroot.cfg -key private.pem -out cacert.pem

openssl x509 -text -noout -in cacert.pem

openssl genrsa -out workkey.pem 2048

openssl req -new -key workkey.pem -config opensslroot.cfg -out certwork.csr

openssl req -text -in certwork.csr

openssl x509 -req -days 365 -CA cacert.pem -extfile opensslroot.cfg -extensions v3_work -CAcreateserial -CAkey private.pem -in certwork.csr -out certwork.pem

openssl x509 -in certwork.pem -text

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