docker部署mysql

1：安装docker

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

2：查看docker版本

docker -v
Docker version 24.0.7, build afdd53b

3：配置docker镜像加速器

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://yxzrazem.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

4：拉取mysql 5.7镜像

docker pull mysql:5.7

5：创建并运行mysql容器

docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true -v /opt/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql -v /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /opt/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=oracle --name mysql mysql:5.7

docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                                  NAMES
b0a4886c04b8   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 seconds ago   Up 6 seconds   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql

6：新建my.cnf

cd /opt/mysql/conf 
vi my.cnf

[client]
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server = utf8_general_ci
character_set_server = utf8

7：重新启动mysql容器实例

docker restart b0a4886c04b8
docker exec -it b0a4886c04b8 /bin/bash

8：连进mysql容器，并建库建表

root@b0a4886c04b8:/# mysql -uroot -poracle
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database db01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> use db01;
Database changed
mysql> 
mysql> create table t1(id int,name varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'zhangsan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+----------+
| id   | name     |
+------+----------+
|    1 | zhangsan |
|    1 | 李四     |
+------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit

9：删除mysql容器，重建，并检验上面创建的表的数据是否还在

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS                                                  NAMES
b0a4886c04b8   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   24 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f b0a4886c04b8

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true -v /opt/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql -v /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /opt/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=oracle --name mysql mysql:5.7

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
00954681c85e   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   30 seconds ago   Up 30 seconds   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql
 
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 00954681c85e /bin/bash
root@00954681c85e:/# mysql -uroot -poracle
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db01               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use db01;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_db01 |
+----------------+
| t1             |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+----------+
| id   | name     |
+------+----------+
|    1 | zhangsan |
|    1 | 李四     |
+------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> exit

可以看到数据都完好。