Docker 笔记（三）--容器
Docker 笔记（三）–容器
记录Docker 安装操作记录，便于查询。
参考
- 链接: Docker 入门到实战教程(三)镜像和容器
- 链接: docker run中的-itd参数正确使用
- 链接: docker官方文档
环境
Centos 7.9
操作
1.启动容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker run -it hello-world
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
- -i: 交互式操作。
- -t: 终端。
- hello-world: 镜像名。
2.查看容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Exited (0) 47 seconds ago goofy_cohen
075affeee29d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago adoring_ride
40da8fbb8f46 hello-world "/hello" 7 minutes ago Exited (0) 7 minutes ago boring_neumann
[root@centos7-18 docker]#
- STATUS 显示容器的运行状态。 注意！停止运行的容器并不会销毁，如果需要容器停止时销毁可以使用–rm 参数.
3.重启容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker restart f3cb195bb73d
f3cb195bb73d
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 18 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 6379/tcp goofy_cohen
[root@centos7-18 docker]#
4.后台运行
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 605c77e624dd 22 months ago 141MB
redis latest 7614ae9453d1 23 months ago 113MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 2 years ago 13.3kB
[root@centos7-18 docker]#
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker run -itd --name nginx-demo nginx:latest
74901d661a79a3116d49f6867d5a8e682feb7c9934482ada35a8bd78f01ff35b
- -d 后台运行
- –name 容器别名
- nginx:latest 镜像名称:TAG
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
74901d661a79 nginx:latest "/docker-entrypoint.…" 16 seconds ago Up 14 seconds 80/tcp nginx-demo
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 30 minutes ago Up 23 minutes 6379/tcp goofy_cohen
[root@centos7-18 docker]#
5.停止运行
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker stop f3cb195bb73d
f3cb195bb73d
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps
6.进入容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
74901d661a79 nginx:latest "/docker-entrypoint.…" 24 minutes ago Up 24 minutes 80/tcp nginx-demo
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 55 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 6379/tcp goofy_cohen
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker exec -it f3cb195bb73d /bin/bash
root@f3cb195bb73d:/data#
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
74901d661a79 nginx:latest "/docker-entrypoint.…" 27 minutes ago Up 27 minutes 80/tcp nginx-demo
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 57 minutes ago Up 13 minutes 6379/tcp goofy_cohen
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker exec -it nginx-demo /bin/bash
root@74901d661a79:/#
- 可以使用容器ID或容器名称进入容器
7.容器快照
7.1 导出快照
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker export 74901d661a79 > nginx-demo.tar
[root@centos7-18 docker]# ls
daemon.json nginx-demo.tar
7.2 导入快照
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker import nginx-demo.tar nginx-demo:1.0
sha256:c2c8866bef605d74ac27fa1f671803139d09f4b9483f7d2312928036323be955
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker images nginx-demo:1.0
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx-demo 1.0 c2c8866bef60 3 minutes ago 140MB
[root@centos7-18 docker]#
注意！导入的快照是镜像。
8.删除容器
8.1 删除停止的容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 hours ago Up 57 minutes 6379/tcp goofy_cohen
075affeee29d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago adoring_ride
40da8fbb8f46 hello-world "/hello" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago boring_neumann
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker rm 40da8fbb8f46
40da8fbb8f46
8.2 强制删除容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
74901d661a79 nginx:latest "/docker-entrypoint.…" 55 minutes ago Up 55 minutes 80/tcp nginx-demo
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" About an hour ago Up 41 minutes 6379/tcp goofy_cohen
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker rm -f 74901d661a79
74901d661a79
8.3 清除所有停止容器
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d4d7b7b33e22 hello-world "/hello" 31 seconds ago Exited (0) 31 seconds ago quizzical_banach
f3cb195bb73d redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 4 seconds ago goofy_cohen
075affeee29d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago adoring_ride
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker container prune
WARNING! This will remove all stopped containers.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
d4d7b7b33e224d0a757ac2a2dd70ff69bf95bfcf584f0c413d774a1382d98355
f3cb195bb73dfb23a0eca591572b97505d57af5afa9880171836285ea5483b3d
075affeee29db528f9c267f3f8ee6263d9aad39f6da9766a91b39a0b2bf5913d
Total reclaimed space: 1.098kB
[root@centos7-18 docker]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@centos7-18 docker]#