k8s无脑系列-安装k8s 1.16.4
1. 准备环境
- 主机列表
VirtualBox，双网卡。这样可以实现内外网。（有坑！见后面）
- 网卡1(enps03):host-only 设置一个网络，假设叫vbox1，主机全用它
- 网卡2(enps08) :nat
| 主机名 | IP/外网 | 配置 | 主机名 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Master | 192.168.56.4/10.0.3.15 | 2CPU，1G | master.smokelee.com |
| node1 | 192.168.56.5/10.0.3.15 | 1CPU，1G | node1.smokelee.com |
| node2 | 192.168.56.6/10.0.3.15 | 1CPU，1G | node2.smokelee.com |
-
调整/etc/hosts(全部主机)
192.168.56.4 master.smokelee.com 192.168.56.5 node1.smokelee.com 192.168.56.6 node2.smokelee.com -
关闭Swap分区(全部主机)
临时关闭
swapoff -a永久关闭
vim /etc/fstab 找到swap，用# 注释 -
调整内核参数/etc/sysctl.conf(全部主机)
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 关闭selinux、firewalld
-
调整仓库(全部主机)
# 调整CentOS7仓库 yum install wget -y mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo # 调整Kubernetes仓库 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg #vim保存 # 刷新仓库 yum clean all yum makecache -
主机上如果曾经安装过老版本，一定要卸载。无脑系列早期用的1.5.2版本
yum remove kubernetes-master kubernetes-node etcd flannel
2. 部署Master
-
安装基础组件
yum install kubelet-1.16.4 kubeadm-1.16.4 kubectl-1.16.4如果发生了冲突就删掉1.5.2或者更老的版本。看过去其它k8s无脑系列的有可能会安装上1.5.2系统默认的版本
-
下载镜像
编辑download_img.sh（来自www.kubernetes.org.cn的loong576)
# 仓库地址用的也是loong576在阿里的镜像，本人懒^_^ url=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/loong576 version=v1.16.4 images=(`kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=$version|awk -F '/' '{print $2}'`) for imagename in ${images[@]} ; do docker pull $url/$imagename docker tag $url/$imagename k8s.gcr.io/$imagename docker rmi -f $url/$imagename donechmod +x download_img.sh && ./download_img.sh -
运行后检查
docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver v1.16.4 3722a80984a0 2 months ago 217 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver v1.16.4 3722a80984a0 2 months ago 217 MB k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager v1.16.4 fb4cca6b4e4c 2 months ago 163 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager v1.16.4 fb4cca6b4e4c 2 months ago 163 MB k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler v1.16.4 2984964036c8 2 months ago 87.3 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler v1.16.4 2984964036c8 2 months ago 87.3 MB k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy v1.16.4 091df896d78f 2 months ago 86.1 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy v1.16.4 091df896d78f 2 months ago 86.1 MB k8s.gcr.io/etcd 3.3.15-0 b2756210eeab 5 months ago 247 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd 3.3.15-0 b2756210eeab 5 months ago 247 MB k8s.gcr.io/coredns 1.6.2 bf261d157914 6 months ago 44.1 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns 1.6.2 bf261d157914 6 months ago 44.1 MB k8s.gcr.io/pause 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 2 years ago 742 kB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 2 years ago 742 kB大家注意：download_img.sh，会自动调整镜像的tag。这样后期安装过程就不会再出现跑到google去下载镜像的情况！节点的镜像请自行导入到节点，尤其是Proxy和pause
docker save k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1 > pause.tar docker save k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.4 > proxy.tar在节点上运行
docker load < pause.tar docker load < proxy.tar
-
部署Pod
kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.56.4 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.16.4 --service-cidr=10.254.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16参数说明：
- --apiserver-advertise-address Master的内网地址，务必要自行设置
- --image-repository 设置镜像
- --kubernetes-version 设置集群版本
- --service-cidr 所有service资源分配的地址段
- --pod-network-cidr 所有pod资源分配的地址段
出现如下内容，最后一行（kubeadm开头的命令）在Node1，Node2上执行，即可加入集群
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join 192.168.56.4:6443 --token l6q448.jrqk9pj1ipi8fgn9 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:78a10e6e6bca9c0090d9e9b2002b01d135b2a5c70f8240a7954e0d58f8d0052f -
Master主机不Ready
调用kubectl get node
Master显示NotReady安装flannel
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/2140ac876ef134e0ed5af15c65e414cf26827915/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
Node Join后，出现镜像下载不了，运行不成功，多半是因为，下载的aliyun镜像的原因。通过打tag，来让Docker认识
```bash
docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.16.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.4
注意：仔细执行了2.3后面的脚本，理论上不会出现上面的问题
3. 节点部署
-
安装
$yum install kubelet-1.16.4 kubeadm-1.16.4 docker 导入镜像包(请参考2.3的docker load那两行）
加入集群(请参考2.4代码部分，kubeadm 开头的代码）
4. 问题解决
-
集群主机不通
更详细的请访问《k8s无脑-分析flannel跨Node不通的分析，解决办法》
下面只讲解本次部署遇到的问题
随便挑一个flannel的Pod实例，查看输出
$docker ps -a（任一节点执行都可以） 找到flannel所在容器 $docker logs 9895357d488d(flannel所在容器) I0226 17:21:01.510702 1 main.go:514] Determining IP address of default interface I0226 17:21:01.513557 1 main.go:527] Using interface with name enp0s8 and address 10.0.3.15 I0226 17:21:01.513576 1 main.go:544] Defaulting external address to interface address (10.0.3.15) I0226 17:21:01.612040 1 kube.go:126] Waiting 10m0s for node controller to sync$ip route show 10.0.3.0/24 dev enp0s8 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.3.15 metric 101
10.244.0.0/24 via 10.244.0.0 dev flannel.1 onlink
10.244.1.0/24 dev cni0 proto kernel scope link src 10.244.1.1
10.244.2.0/24 via 10.244.2.0 dev flannel.1 onlink
10.254.49.0/24 dev docker0 proto kernel scope link src 10.254.49.1
192.168.56.0/24 dev enp0s3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.56.5 metric 100
发现Flannel竟然自己Determining用了路由的默认出口（外网出口，内网出口enps03）,自作聪明！！！！
修改：flannel线上配置
```bash
#把配置文件下载到本地
$wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/2140ac876ef134e0ed5af15c65e414cf26827915/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
# 调用线上编辑功能
$kubectl edit -f kube-flannel.yml # 线上编辑资源配置
找到
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
再往下的args:段，添加
- --iface=enp0s3
保存后，系统会自动更新所有Pod。更新完毕即可访问
docker log xxxxx
I0226 18:57:32.812177 1 main.go:527] Using interface with name enp0s3 and address 192.168.56.6
I0226 18:57:32.812263 1 main.go:544] Defaulting external address to interface address (192.168.56.6)
I0226 18:57:32.910184 1 kube.go:126] Waiting 10m0s for node controller to sync
I0226 18:57:32.910230 1 kube.go:309] Starting kube subnet manager
I0226 18:57:33.911346 1 kube.go:133] Node controller sync successful
4. 引用
[1] lvs+keepalived部署k8s v1.16.4高可用集群
[2] K8S学习笔记之Flannel解读