汇编语言——＞＞步进电机
步进电机控制系统
设计一个开环步进电机控制系统。使得步进电机能够正常运转。并能实现启停、正反转、调速控制。以及显示速度。
2.设计要求如下：
①硬件测试通过。接线完成。三个芯片分别测试通过。步进电机能够正常运转。
②中断方式的转动。
③启停。按KK1+键控制步进电机的启动。按KK2+键控制步进电机的停止。
④正反转。开关K7控制步进电机的正反转。当K7向下拨时，电机正转（顺时针）；向上拨时，电机反转（逆时针）。
⑤在LED数码管上显示速度编号。K0对应1挡、K1对应2挡，其余类推。
⑥调速。开关K6～K0分别控制电机的转速：K0向上拨时，得到最低转速，…… K6向上拨时，得到最高转速。步进电机转速分为7级，依次是30 、60、90、120、150、180、210 (r/min)。
1.步进电机工作原理
注意：步进电机不使用时请断开连接器，以免误操作使电机过热损坏。
2.硬件接线图
①8255与系统总线的接线图
②8254与系统总线的接线图
③8259的接线图
上述步骤完成后按以下步骤改线，完成步进电机控制系统的接线。
PA口接8个开关。
PB口接步进电机。
PC口接数码管。数码管的COM端接地。
OUT1接L0的连线，改到MIR6上。
3.端口地址说明
五、软件设计
1.R变量和M变量说明
定义SWITCH,通过判断k0-k7的输入调用相对应的功能
定义DELAY实现延迟
定义CLKWISE，REVROT实现正反转通过判断语句执行相应代码
2.程序说明
MIR6模块实现中断转动
MIR7模块实现步进电机启动
SIR1模块实现步进电机停止
六、源程序清单
1.参考程序
P8255A EQU 0600H
P8255B EQU 0602H
P8255C EQU 0604H
P8255M EQU 0606H
DATA SEGMENT
TABLE1 DB 01H,03H,02H,06H,04H,0CH,08H,09H
TABLE2 DB 01H,03H,02H,06H,04H,0CH,08H,09H
LEDCODE DB 3FH,06H,5BH,4FH,66H,6DH,7DH,07H ;0--7的显示代码
DB 7FH,6FH,77H,7CH,39H,5EH,79H,71H ;8--F的显示代码
TIMEP DW 03E8H ;延时子程序时间参数
DCODE DB 3FH ;数码管显示代码
DATA ENDS
SSTACK SEGMENT STACK
DW 256 DUP(?)
SSTACK ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE, SS:SSTACK, DS:DATA
START: MOV AX, DATA
MOV DS, AX
MAIN: MOV AL, 90H ; 控制B口工作于方式0，输出
MOV DX, P8255M
OUT DX, AL
A1: MOV BX, OFFSET TABLE1
MOV CX, 0008H
A2: MOV AL,[BX]
MOV DX, P8255B ; 写B口
OUT DX, AL
CALL DALLY ; 控制步进电机的转速
INC BX
LOOP A2
JMP A1
DALLY: PUSH CX
MOV CX,8000H
A3: PUSH AX
POP AX
LOOP A3
POP CX
RET
CODE ENDS
END START
2.最终程序清单
TIMER0 EQU 06C0H ;IOY3
TIMER1 EQU 06C2H
TIMER2 EQU 06C4H
TIMERM EQU 06C6H
P8255A EQU 0600H ;IOY0
P8255B EQU 0602H
P8255C EQU 0604H
P8255M EQU 0606H
;---------------------------------------------------------------
DATA SEGMENT
DISCODE DB 3FH,06H,5BH,4FH,66H,6DH,7DH,07H ;0--7的显示代码
DB 7FH,6FH,77H,7CH,39H,5EH,79H,71H ;8--F的显示代码
DECIMAL DB 00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,0CCH,0CCH ;十进制数，查表用下标
VRAM DB 00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H ;动态显示代码缓冲
LOCATN DB 00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H,00H ;动态显示位置控制
TIMEP DW 03E8H ;延时子程序时间参数
DCODE DB 3FH ;数码管显示代码
HOUR DB 12 ;小时
MINUTE DB 34 ;分钟
SECOND DB 50 ;秒
COUNT DB 100
CLKSTA DB 00000001B ;步进电机节拍状态
DATA ENDS
SSTACK SEGMENT PARA STACK 'STACK'
DW 32 DUP(?)
SSTACK ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA,SS: SSTACK
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
;---------------------
;8255初始化
;---------------------
INITA: MOV DX, P8255M
MOV AL, 90H
OUT DX, AL
MOV DX, P8255B
MOV AL, 0FFH ;防止步进电机过热
OUT DX, AL
;---------------------
;中断芯片
;---------------------
INITB: PUSH DS
MOV AX,0000H
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,OFFSET MIR7
MOV SI,003CH
MOV [SI],AX
MOV AX,CS
MOV SI,003EH
MOV [SI],AX
MOV AX,OFFSET MIR6
MOV SI,0038H
MOV [SI],AX
MOV AX,CS
MOV SI,003AH
MOV [SI],AX
MOV AX, OFFSET SIR1
MOV SI, 00C4H
MOV [SI], AX
MOV AX, CS
MOV SI, 00C6H
MOV [SI], AX
CLI
POP DS
;---------------------
;主片
;---------------------
MOV AL,11H
OUT 20H,AL ;ICW1
MOV AL,08H
OUT 21H,AL ;ICW2
MOV AL,04H
OUT 21H,AL ;ICW3
MOV AL,01H
OUT 21H,AL ;ICW4
;---------------------
;初始化从片8259
;---------------------
MOV AL, 11H
OUT 0A0H, AL ;ICW1
MOV AL, 30H
OUT 0A1H, AL ;ICW2
MOV AL, 02H
OUT 0A1H, AL ;ICW3
MOV AL, 01H
OUT 0A1H, AL ;ICW4
;---------------------------------------------------------------
MOV AL, 0FDH ;OCW1 = 1111 1101B
OUT 0A1H,AL
MOV AL,2BH ;OCW1 = 00101011B
OUT 21H,AL
STI
;---------------------
;定时器芯片
;---------------------
INITC: MOV DX, TIMERM ;8254控制字
MOV AL, 36H ;计数器0，方式3
OUT DX, AL
MOV DX, TIMER0
MOV AX, 500
OUT DX, AL
MOV AL, AH
OUT DX, AL
MOV AL, 76H ;计数器1，方式3
OUT DX, AL
MOV DX, TIMER1
MOV AX, 500
OUT DX, AL
MOV AL, AH
OUT DX, AL
;---------------------
; 8255初始化
;---------------------
INITD: NOP
;---------------------------------------------------------------
BEGIN: NOP
AA2: CALL SWITCH
CALL TIMEP1
CALL DISPLY
JMP AA2
;---------------------------------------------------------------
MIR7 PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AX,0137H
INT 10H ;显示字符7
MOV AX,0120H
INT 10H
MOV AL, 2BH ;OCW1 = 00101011B
OUT 21H,AL
MOV AL,20H
OUT 20H,AL
POP DX
POP AX
IRET
MIR7 ENDP
;---------------------------------------------------------------
MIR6 PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AX,0136H
INT 10H ;显示字符6
MOV AX,0120H
INT 10H
MOV DX, 0600H ;PA
IN AL, DX
TEST AL,80H
JZ ABCD
CALL FCLKWISE
JMP FINE
ABCD: CALL CLKWISE
FINE: MOV AL,20H
MOV AL,20H
OUT 20H,AL
POP DX
POP AX
IRET
MIR6 ENDP
SIR1 PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AX,0131H
INT 10H ;显示字符1
MOV AX,0120H
INT 10H
MOV AL,6BH ;OCW1 = 01101011B
OUT 21H,AL
MOV AL, 20H
OUT 0A0H, AL
OUT 20H, AL
POP DX
POP AX
IRET
SIR1 ENDP
;---------------------
;子程序
;---------------------
DELAY: PUSH SI
PUSH CX
MOV SI, 00FFH
D11: MOV CX, 00FFH
D22: LOOP D22
DEC SI
JNZ D11 ;延时结束
POP CX
POP SI
RET
DISPLY0 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,01H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY0 ENDP
DISPLY1 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,03H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY1 ENDP
DISPLY2 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,02H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY2 ENDP
DISPLY3 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,06H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY3 ENDP
DISPLY4 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,04H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY4 ENDP
DISPLY5 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,0CH
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY5 ENDP
DISPLY6 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,08H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY6 ENDP
DISPLY7 PROC NEAR ;
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,P8255B
MOV AL,09H
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY7 ENDP
SWITCH PROC NEAR ;开关控制档位
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
PUSH CX
MOV DX,P8255A
IN AL,DX
TEST AL,00000001B
JNZ K1
TEST AL,00000010B
JNZ K2
TEST AL,00000100B
JNZ K3
TEST AL,00001000B
JNZ K4
TEST AL,00010001B
JNZ K5
TEST AL,00100001B
JNZ K6
TEST AL,01000001B
JNZ K7
K1: MOV AX,00E0H
MOV CX,06H
JMP DONE2
K2: MOV AX,0070H
MOV CX,5BH
JMP DONE2
K3: MOV AX,003AH
MOV CX,4FH
JMP DONE2
K4: MOV AX,001DH
MOV CX,66H
JMP DONE2
K5: MOV AX,000EH
MOV CX,6DH
JMP DONE2
K6: MOV AX,0006H
MOV CX,7DH
JMP DONE2
K7: MOV AX,0002H
MOV CX,07H
JMP DONE2
DONE2: MOV TIMEP,AX
MOV DCODE,CL
POP CX
POP DX
POP AX
RET
SWITCH ENDP
TIMEP1 PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AX,TIMEP
MOV DX,TIMER0
OUT DX,AL
MOV AL,AH
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
TIMEP1 ENDP
DISPLY PROC NEAR ;数码管显示
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AL,DCODE
MOV DX,P8255C
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
RET
DISPLY ENDP
;---------------------
;正转
;---------------------
CLKWISE PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AL,CLKSTA
TEST AL,01H
JNZ CK0
TEST AL,02H
JNZ CK1
TEST AL,04H
JNZ CK2
TEST AL,08H
JNZ CK3
TEST AL,10H
JNZ CK4
TEST AL,20H
JNZ CK5
TEST AL,40H
JNZ CK6
TEST AL,80H
JNZ CK7
MOV AL,01H
JMP CLKDONE
CK0: CALL DISPLY0
JMP CLKDONE
CK1: CALL DISPLY1
JMP CLKDONE
CK2: CALL DISPLY2
JMP CLKDONE
CK3: CALL DISPLY3
JMP CLKDONE
CK4: CALL DISPLY4
JMP CLKDONE
CK5: CALL DISPLY5
JMP CLKDONE
CK6: CALL DISPLY6
JMP CLKDONE
CK7: CALL DISPLY7
JMP CLKDONE
CLKDONE: NOP
NOP
ROL CLKSTA,1
POP DX
POP AX
RET
CLKWISE ENDP
;---------------------
;反转
;---------------------
FCLKWISE PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
MOV AL,CLKSTA
TEST AL,01H
JNZ FCK7
TEST AL,02H
JNZ FCK6
TEST AL,04H
JNZ FCK5
TEST AL,08H
JNZ FCK4
TEST AL,10H
JNZ FCK3
TEST AL,20H
JNZ FCK2
TEST AL,40H
JNZ FCK1
TEST AL,80H
JNZ FCK0
MOV AL,01H
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK0: CALL DISPLY0
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK1: CALL DISPLY1
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK2: CALL DISPLY2
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK3: CALL DISPLY3
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK4: CALL DISPLY4
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK5: CALL DISPLY5
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK6: CALL DISPLY6
JMP FCLKDONE
FCK7: CALL DISPLY7
JMP FCLKDONE
FCLKDONE: NOP
NOP
ROL CLKSTA,1
POP DX
POP AX
RET
FCLKWISE ENDP
;---------------------------------------------------------------
CODE ENDS
END START