Dapr入门学习 Day 3

云和边缘的微服务构建块

Microservice building blocks for cloud and edge

• 在构建微服务应用程序时有许多考虑因素。Dapr在构建微服务应用程序时提供了通用功能的最佳实践，开发人员可以以标准方式使用这些应用程序并将其部署到任何环境中。它通过提供分布式系统构建块来实现这一点。

There are many considerations when architecting microservices applications. Dapr provides best practices for common capabilities when building microservice applications that developers can use in a standard way and deploy to any environment. It does this by providing distributed system building blocks.

• 每个构建块都是独立的，这意味着您可以在应用程序中使用其中一个、部分或全部。在Dapr的初始版本中，提供了以下构建块：

Each of these building blocks is independent, meaning that you can use one, some or all of them in your application. In this initial release of Dapr, the following building blocks are provided:

构建块	描述
服务调用	弹性服务到服务调用支持托管在任意远程宿主服务上的方法调用，包括重试。
Service Invocation	Resilient service-to-service invocation enables method calls, including retries, on remote services wherever they are located in the supported hosting environment.
状态管理	使用用于存储键/值对的状态管理，可以轻松地在应用程序中与无状态服务一起编写长时间运行、高可用、有状态的服务。状态存储是插件式的，可以使用azurecosmosdb、azuresqlserver、PostgreSQL、AWS DynamoDB或Redis等。
State Management	With state management for storing key/value pairs, long running, highly available, stateful services can be easily written alongside stateless services in your application. The state store is pluggable and can include Azure CosmosDB, Azure SQL Server, PostgreSQL, AWS DynamoDB or Redis among others.
发布和订阅消息	发布事件和订阅主题
Publish and Subscribe Messaging	Publishing events and subscribing to topics
资源绑定	使用触发器的资源绑定进一步建立在事件驱动的体系结构上，通过向任何外部源（如数据库、队列、文件系统等）接收和发送事件，从而实现规模和弹性。
Resource Bindings	Resource bindings with triggers builds further on event-driven architectures for scale and resiliency by receiving and sending events to and from any external source such as databases, queues, file systems, etc.
Actors模式	一种有状态和无状态对象的模式，通过方法和状态封装使并发变得简单。Dapr在其actor运行时提供了许多功能，包括并发性、状态、参与者激活/停用的生命周期管理以及唤醒参与者的计时器和提醒。
Actors	A pattern for stateful and stateless objects that make concurrency simple with method and state encapsulation. Dapr provides many capabilities in its actor runtime including concurrency, state, life-cycle management for actor activation/deactivation and timers and reminders to wake-up actors.
可观测性	Dapr发出度量、日志和跟踪来调试和监视Dapr和用户应用程序。Dapr支持分布式跟踪，以便在生产中使用W3C跟踪上下文标准轻松诊断和服务于服务间调用，并开放遥测以发送到不同的监视工具。
Observability	Dapr emit metrics, logs, and traces to debug and monitor both Dapr and user applications. Dapr supports distributed tracing to easily diagnose and serve inter-service calls in production using the W3C Trace Context standard and Open Telemetry to send to different monitoring tools.
安全	Dapr提供安全管理，并实现公共云和本地安全存储库集成，以便于应用程序编写代码时方便使用。
Secrets	Dapr provides secrets management and integrates with public cloud and local secret stores to retrieve the secrets for use in application code.