【笔记】samba shell 脚本 离线安装 - Ubuntu 20.04

前言

按照官网调试代码、网上各种步骤来走（还收费）都不行
结果发现是防火墙问题
公司服务器安装的ufw使用失效，导致端口号放行添加失败
换用firewall-cmd成功
现在免费放下代码，气死他们收费的

目录

├── home
    │    ├── katja
    │    │    ├── samba
    │    │    │    ├── install_samba.sh
    │    │    │    ├── smb.conf
    │    │    │    ├── xxxxx.deb
    │    │    │    ├── ...
    │    │    │    └──
    │    │    ├── localoss
    │    │    │    ├── test  (被共享的目录)
    │    │    │    └──
    │    │    └──
    │    └──   
    └──

代码

install_samba.sh

#!/bin/bash
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time  : 2022/11/14 14:38
# @Author: katja
# @File  : install_samba.sh
# @Desc  : samba 共享文件夹
# 
path=/home/katja/samba
share_user=tps_share
share_group=sambashare
share_path=/home/katja/localoss

# 安装samba
is_exist(){
package=$1
package_deb=$2
if test ! -z "$(dpkg -l | grep -w $package)";then
	echo -e "$package exist "
else
	dpkg -i ${path}/$package_deb
fi
}

install(){
	is_exist python3-ldb python3-ldb_2%3a2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.3_amd64.deb
	is_exist libldb2 libldb2_2%3a2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.3_amd64.deb
	is_exist libsmbclient libsmbclient_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist libwbclient0 libwbclient0_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist samba-libs samba-libs_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	
	is_exist python3-dnspython python3-dnspython_1.16.0-1ubuntu1_all.deb
	is_exist python3-crypto python3-crypto_2.6.1-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb
	is_exist python3-tdb python3-tdb_1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist python3-samba python3-samba_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist samba-common samba-common_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_all.deb
	is_exist samba-common-bin samba-common-bin_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist tdb-tools tdb-tools_1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist samba samba_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist attr attr_1%3a2.4.48-5_amd64.deb
	is_exist libibverbs1 libibverbs1_28.0-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
	is_exist ibverbs-providers ibverbs-providers_28.0-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
	is_exist librdmacm1 librdmacm1_28.0-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
	is_exist libboost-iostreams1.71.0 libboost-iostreams1.71.0_1.71.0-6ubuntu6_amd64.deb
	is_exist librados2 librados2_15.2.16-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist libcephfs2 libcephfs2_15.2.16-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist python3-gpg python3-gpg_1.13.1-7ubuntu2_amd64.deb
	is_exist python3-pyparsing python3-pyparsing_2.4.6-1_all.deb
	is_exist python3-packaging python3-packaging_20.3-1_all.deb
	is_exist python3-markdown python3-markdown_3.1.1-3_all.deb
	is_exist python3-pygments python3-pygments_2.3.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.2_all.deb
	is_exist samba-dsdb-modules samba-dsdb-modules_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	is_exist samba-vfs-modules samba-vfs-modules_2%3a4.13.17~dfsg-0ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
	# 安装完毕后会自动启动
	echo 'starting service'
    sudo systemctl status nmbd smbd
}
install


# 防火墙
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo firewall-cmd  --zone=public  --add-service=samba --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=139/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=445/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=137/udp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=138/udp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo ufw enable

group_add(){
	# 新建组
	sudo groupadd ${share_group}
	# 主目录
	sudo mkdir ${share_path}
	# 群组所有权
	sudo chgrp ${share_group} ${share_path}
}

normal_add(){
	group_add
	user_name=normal
	# 普通用户 （ubuntu的）无需Ubuntu登录密码
 	sudo useradd -M -d ${share_path}/$user_name -s /usr/sbin/nologin -G ${share_group} $user_name
	# 主目录
	sudo mkdir ${share_path}/$user_name
	# 权限
	sudo chown $user_name:${share_group} ${share_path}/$user_name
	# 新创建文件继承所属组
	sudo chmod 2770 ${share_path}/$user_name
	# 密码设置
	sudo smbpasswd -a $user_name
	# 启用
	sudo smbpasswd -e $user_name
}
#normal_add  # 我的业务用不到，所以注释了

admin_add(){
	group_add
	user_name=sadmin
	# 管理员用户
	sudo useradd -M -d ${share_path}/users -s /usr/sbin/nologin -G ${share_group} $user_name
	# 共享目录
	sudo mkdir ${share_path}/users
	# 权限
	sudo chown $user_name:${share_group} ${share_path}/users
	# 新创建文件继承所属组
	sudo chmod 2770 ${share_path}/users
	# 密码设置
	sudo smbpasswd -a $user_name
	# 启用
	sudo smbpasswd -e $user_name
}
#admin_add # 同上

file_add(){
	# 无密码用户
	sudo mkdir -p ${share_path}/test
	sudo chmod -R 777 ${share_path}/test
	
	# 创建Ubuntu的新用户
	sudo useradd  smbuser
	sudo passwd  smbuser
	# 新用户加入smb服务器
	sudo smbpasswd -a smbuser	
}
file_add

# 配置smb.conf
mv /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak
cp smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf

# 重启服务
echo 'starting smbd'
sudo service smbd restart

echo 'starting smbd'
sudo service nmbd restart

# 查看状态
sudo systemctl status smbd nmbd

smb.conf

在最末尾追加代码 share

#
# Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
#
#
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which 
# are not shown in this example
#
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
#  - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
#    differs from the default Samba behaviour
#  - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
#    behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
#    enough to be mentioned here
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic 
# errors. 

#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
   workgroup = WORKSPACE	

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
   server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)

#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
;   bind interfaces only = yes



#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000

# We want Samba to only log to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd}.
# Append syslog@1 if you want important messages to be sent to syslog too.
   logging = file
   
   log level = 2

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d


####### Authentication #######

# Server role. Defines in which mode Samba will operate. Possible
# values are "standalone server", "member server", "classic primary
# domain controller", "classic backup domain controller", "active
# directory domain controller". 
#
# Most people will want "standalone server" or "member server".
# Running as "active directory domain controller" will require first
# running "samba-tool domain provision" to wipe databases and create a
# new domain.
   server role = standalone server

   obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
   unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan < for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
   pam password change = yes

# This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
# to anonymous connections
   map to guest = bad user

########## Domains ###########

#
# The following settings only takes effect if 'server role = primary
# classic domain controller', 'server role = backup domain controller'
# or 'domain logons' is set 
#

# It specifies the location of the user's
# profile directory from the client point of view) The following
# required a [profiles] share to be setup on the samba server (see
# below)
;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
#   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
;   logon drive = H:
#   logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
;   logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the 
# SAMR RPC pipe.  
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g

############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
;   idmap config * :              backend = tdb
;   idmap config * :              range   = 3000-7999
;   idmap config YOURDOMAINHERE : backend = tdb
;   idmap config YOURDOMAINHERE : range   = 100000-999999
;   template shell = /bin/bash

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 means that usershare is disabled.
#   usershare max shares = 100

# Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create
# public shares, not just authenticated ones
   usershare allow guests = yes

#======================= Share Definitions =======================

# Un-comment the following (and tweak the other settings below to suit)
# to enable the default home directory shares. This will share each
# user's home directory as \\server\username
;[homes]
;   comment = Home Directories
;   browseable = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
;   read only = yes

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   directory mask = 0700

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# Un-comment the following parameter to make sure that only "username"
# can connect to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
;   valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]
;   comment = Network Logon Service
;   path = /home/samba/netlogon
;   guest ok = yes
;   read only = yes

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
;[profiles]
;   comment = Users profiles
;   path = /home/samba/profiles
;   guest ok = no
;   browseable = no
;   create mask = 0600
;   directory mask = 0700

[printers]
   comment = All Printers
   browseable = no
   path = /var/spool/samba
   printable = yes
   guest ok = no
   read only = yes
   create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
[print$]
   comment = Printer Drivers
   path = /var/lib/samba/printers
   browseable = yes
   read only = yes
   guest ok = no
# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
# admin users are members of.
# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
;   write list = root, @lpadmin
security = user
#[users]
#   comment = share folder with usrname and passwd
#   path = /home/katja/users
#   browseable = yes
#   read only = no
#   writeable = yes
#   force create mode = 0660
#   force directory mode = 2770
#   valid users = @sambashare @sadmin
#   #available = yes
#   # public = yes
#   #create mode = 0644
#   #directory mode = 0755
   
#[normal]
#	comment = normal user
#	path = /home/katja/normal
#	browseable = no
#    read only = no
#    force create mode = 0660
#    force directory mode = 2770
#    valid users = normal @sadmin
   
[share]
    comment = Ubuntu File Server Share
	public = no
    path = /home/katja/localoss/test
    browsable = yes
    guest ok = yes
    read only = no
    create mask = 0755   
# testparm

deb 包

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/10Iy3b4jIJnZM0srPlh2HvA
提取码：pptd

使用方法

1. 把deb包、bash文件、conf文件一起放到你想要放的路径下，假设这个路径是A
   则，修改bash文件里path为A

2. sudo bash ./install_samba.sh运行
   中途会停下来4次让你输入账号密码
   前2次是让你输入新用户登录Ubuntu的密码
   后2次是让你输入这个新用户在Samba服务器里的登录密码

3. 最后显示状态，不代表一定创建成功
   

4. 查看当前电脑ip ip address : 我的是192.168.10.142

5. 用其他电脑试试能否访问

• windows——
  
• linux ubuntu —— smbclient //192.168.10.142
  
  centos 是mbclient
  如果没有就直接安装

如图就是成功了

失败

1. NT_STATUS_HOST_UNREACHABLE

• 查看SMB配置文件是否正确 testparam /etc/samba/smb.conf
  
• 确认防火墙已经通过了samba和端口
  （按照我的脚本应该没有问题）

2. Failed to start smb.service: Unit smb.service not found
   先人工看下安装失败的包是不是系统包，如果不是的话可以不用进行is_exist 判断，直接覆盖安装
   覆盖安装的过程中可能会有个别的包提示失败，不用管，只要最后服务启动就行
   

更新

1. 2022-12-16
   今天被告知突然不能连接了，我把日志级别调成了5，重启samba后发现了报错

pid_to_procid messaging_dgm_get_unique failed no such file or directory

搜了一下，是因为Ubuntu linux 中的apparmor 安全内核会把不属于home或者usershares的路径链接断开
所以需要加一下白名单

cd  /etc/apparmor.d/local
sudo vim usr.sbin.smbd

在里面添加两行

"/samba3/" rk,
"/samba3/**" lrwk,

然后重启samba服务，再连就可以了
官方文档链接：https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Samba#Permission_issues_on_AppArmor

2. 2022-12-28
   今天安装后运行不起来，首先测试配置文件是否正确

cd /etc/samba
testparm

有个警告提示security的位置不在global下，于是给挪上去

然后再testparm没报错了，但是再启动还是提示 Job for smbd.service failed because the control process exited with error code

于是把smb.conf的日志级别调成6

再次启动后，查看日志 : /var/log/samba/log.smbd
这时就会提示 : directory_create_or_exist_strict: invalid ownership on directory /var/lib/samba/private/msg.sock
说该目录的归属用户错误，samba 是以root运行，所属的文件目录理应也是root
但我去这个目录下看了下，果然不是root，所以需要修改

sudo chown -R root.root /var/lib/samba/private/msg.sock

还有可能报其他路径归属权的错误，也是一样的操作
除此之外，还可能报权限错误问题 : invalid permissions on directory '/run/samba/msg.lock': has 0777 should be 0755

sudo chmod -R 0755 /run/samba/msg.lock

多次反复 开启-看日志-修改 后，最终成功启动