2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考英语（二）试题

Section IUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B,Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
　　Happy people work differently.They’re more productive，more creative，and willing totake greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence （1） firmswork，too.
　　Companies located in places with happier people invest more，according to a recentresearch paper.（2），firms in happy places spend more on R&.D ( research anddevelopment). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking （3） for making investments for the future.
　　The researchers wanted to know if the （4） and inclination for risk-taking that comewith happiness would （5） the way companies invested. So they compared U. S. cities’average happiness （6） by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly tradedfirms in those areas.
　　（7）enough，firms’ investment and R&.D intensity were correlated with the happinessof the area in which they were （8）. But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment,orcould something else about happier cities（9）why firms there spend more on R&D? To findout，the researchers controlled for various （10） that might make firms more likely toinvest—like size，industry，and sales—and for indicators that a place was （11）to live in,like growth in wages or population.The link between happiness and investment generally（12）even after accounting for these things.
　　The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for youngerfirms，which the authors （13） to“less codified decision making process”and the possiblepresence of“ younger and less （14） managers who are more likely to be influenced bysentiment.”The relationship was （15） stronger in places where happiness was spread more（16）. Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy，ratherthan in places with happiness inequality.
　　（17）this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-termview，the authors believe it at least （18）at that possibility.It’s not hard to imagine that localculture and sentiment would help （19） how executives think about the future.“It surely seemsplausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and （20） R&-D morethan the average,”said one researcher.

1.[A] why　　　　[B] where　　　　[C]how　　　　[D] when
2.[A] In return　　[B] In particular　　　　[C]In contrast　　　　[D] In conclusion
3.[A] sufficient　　[B]famous　　[C] perfect　　[D]necessary
4.[A] individualism[B] modernism　　[C] optimism　　[D] realism
5.[A] echo　　　　[B] miss　　[C] spoil　　[D] change
6.[A] imagined　　[B] measured　　[C]invented [D]assumed
7.[A] Sure　　[B]Odd　　[C]Unfortunate 　　[D] Often
8.[A]advertised　　[B] divided　　[C]overtaxed 　　[D]headquartered
9.[A] explain　　[B] overstate　　[C]summarize　　[D] emphasize
10.[A] stages　　[B]factors　　[C] levels　　[D] methods
11.[A] desirable　　[B] sociable　　[C]reputable　　[D]reliable
12.[A] resumed　　[B]held　　[C]emerged　　[D] broke
13.[A] attribute　　[B]assign　　[C]transfer　　[D] compare
14.[A] serious　　[B] civilized　　[C]ambitious　　[D] experienced
15.[A] thus　　[B]instead　　[C]also　　[D] never
16.[A] rapidly　　[B]regularly　　[C]directly　　[D] equally
17.[A]After　　[B]Until　　[C]While　　[D] Since
18.[A] arrives　　[B] jumps　　[C]hints　　[D] strikes
19.[A] shape　　[B] rediscover　　[C] simplify　　[D] share
20.[A] pray for　　[B] lean towards　　[C] give away　　[D] send out

Section lⅡl Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A，B，C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
Text 1
It 's true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science incollege. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses，said TomCortina，the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.
However，Cortina said，early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computerscience，they learn that it 's not just a confusing，endless string of letters and numbers—but atool to build apps，or create artwork，or test hypotheses. It 's not as hard for them totransform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems intobite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this
training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap,Cortina said.
Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college,where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim，which can drive the less-experienced or -determined students away.
The Flatiron School，where people pay to learn programming，started as one of the manycoding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum，but“ we try to gear lessons toward things they 'reinterested in,”said Victoria Friedman，an instructor. For instance，one of the apps thestudents are developing suggests movies based on your mood.
The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the nextFacebook.Programming languages have a quick turnover，so the“Ruby on Rails”language theylearned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market.But the skills they learn-how to think logically through a problem and organize the results–apply to any coding language,said Deborah Seehorn，an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.
Indeed，the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army ofcoders is not the sole purpose of the classes.These kids are going to be surrounded bycomputers–in their pockets，in their offices，in their homes—for the rest of their lives. Theyounger they learn how computers think，how to coax the machine into producing what theywant–the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that—the better.
21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to
[A] complete future job training
[B]remodel the way of thinking[Cformulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production
22. In delivering lessons for high-schoolers，Flatiron has considered their_——.
[A] experience
[B] interest
[C]career prospects[D] academic backgrounds
23. Deborah Sechorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will_.
[A] help students learn other computer languages
[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C]need improving when students look for jobs[D]enable students to make big quick money
24.According to the last paragraph，Flatiron students are expected to __
[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies
[B]stay longer in the information technology industry[C]become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers
25. The word“coax”(Line 4，Para. 6) is closest in meaning to _
[A] persuade
[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challenge