默认效果:浏览器,返回一个默认的错误页面。
浏览器发送请求的请求头:
如果是其他客户端,默认响应一个json数据。
为什么会产生默认效果?可以参照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration这个类。
给容器中添加了以下组件
1、DefaultErrorAttributes
帮我们在页面共享信息
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(ServerRequest request, boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap();
errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
errorAttributes.put("path", request.path());
Throwable error = this.getError(request);
MergedAnnotation<ResponseStatus> responseStatusAnnotation = MergedAnnotations.from(error.getClass(), SearchStrategy.TYPE_HIERARCHY).get(ResponseStatus.class);
HttpStatus errorStatus = this.determineHttpStatus(error, responseStatusAnnotation);
errorAttributes.put("status", errorStatus.value());
errorAttributes.put("error", errorStatus.getReasonPhrase());
errorAttributes.put("message", this.determineMessage(error, responseStatusAnnotation));
errorAttributes.put("requestId", request.exchange().getRequest().getId());
this.handleException(errorAttributes, this.determineException(error), includeStackTrace);
return errorAttributes;
}
2、BasicErrorController
@Controller
@RequestMapping({"${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}"})
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
@RequestMapping(
produces = {"text/html"} //产生html类型的数据;浏览器发送的请求来到这个处理
)
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
response.setStatus(status.value());
//去哪个页面作为错误页面,包含页面地址和页面内容
ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
return modelAndView != null ? modelAndView : new ModelAndView("error", model);
}
@RequestMapping //产生json数据的;客户端发生的请求来到这个方法处理
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
if (status == HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT) {
return new ResponseEntity(status);
} else {
Map<String, Object> body = this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
return new ResponseEntity(body, status);
}
}
3、ErrorPageCustomizer
public class ErrorProperties {
@Value("${error.path:/error}")
private String path = "/error"; //系统出现错误以后,来到error请求进行处理
4、DefaultErrorViewResolver
步骤:一旦系统出现4XX或者5XX之类的错误,ErrorPageCustomizer就会生效(定制错误的响应规则);就会来到error请求,就会被BasicErrorController处理
1)响应页面;去哪个页面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的
public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolve(String.valueOf(status.value()), model);
if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
modelAndView = this.resolve((String)SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
}
return modelAndView;
}
private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
//默认SpringBoot可以找到一个页面?error/404
String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
//模板引擎可以解析这个页面地址就用模板引擎解析
TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
//模板引擎可用的情况下放回到errorViewName指定的视图地址
//模板引擎不可用,就在静态资源文件夹下找errorViewName对应的页面 error/404.html
return provider != null ? new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model) : this.resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
}
private ModelAndView resolveResource(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
String[] var3 = this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations();
int var4 = var3.length;
for(int var5 = 0; var5 < var4; ++var5) {
String location = var3[var5];
try {
Resource resource = this.applicationContext.getResource(location);
resource = resource.createRelative(viewName + ".html");
if (resource.exists()) {
return new ModelAndView(new DefaultErrorViewResolver.HtmlResourceView(resource), model);
}
} catch (Exception var8) {
}
}
return null;
}
public void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
if (response.isCommitted()) {
String message = this.getMessage(model);
logger.error(message);
} else {
response.setContentType(TEXT_HTML_UTF8.toString());
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
Date timestamp = (Date)model.get("timestamp");
Object message = model.get("message");
Object trace = model.get("trace");
if (response.getContentType() == null) {
response.setContentType(this.getContentType());
}
builder.append("Whitelabel Error Page
").append("This application has no explicit mapping for /error, so you are seeing this as a fallback.
").append("").append(timestamp).append("").append("There was an unexpected error (type=").append(this.htmlEscape(model.get("error"))).append(", status=").append(this.htmlEscape(model.get("status"))).append(").");
if (message != null) {
builder.append("").append(this.htmlEscape(message)).append("");
}
if (trace != null) {
builder.append("").append(this.htmlEscape(trace)).append("");
}
builder.append("");
response.getWriter().append(builder.toString());
}
}
① 有模板引擎的情况下;error/状态码【将错误页面命名为 错误状态码.html 放在模板引擎文件夹里面的error文件夹下】,发生此状态码错误就会来到对应的页面;
我们可以使用4xx和5xx作为错误页面的文件名来匹配这种类型的所有错误,精确优先(优先寻找精确的状态码.html)
页面能获取的信息:
② 没有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到这个错误页面),静态资源文件夹下
③ 以上都没有错误页面,就默认来到SpringBoot默认的错误提示页面
@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {
@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public Map<String, Object> HandleException(Exception e){
Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
return map;
}
}
//没有自适应效果,浏览器和客户端的返回的都是json数据
2)转发到error进行自适应响应效果
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public String HandleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request){
Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
//传入自己的状态码,4xx,5xx,否则就不会进入定制错误页面的的解析流程
request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
// return map;
return "forward:/error";
}
3)将我们的定制的数据携带出去
出现错误以后,会来到/error请求,会被BasicErrorController处理,响应出去可以获取的数据是由getErrorAttributes得到的(是AbstractErrorController规定的方法);
1、完全来编写一个ErrorController的实现类d【或者是编写AbstractErrorController的子类】,放在容器中。
2、页面上能用的数据,或者是json返回能用到的数据都是通过errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes得到的,容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttributes();默认进行数据处理的
自定义ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {
//返回值的map就是页面和json能获取的字段
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(WebRequest webRequest, boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(webRequest, includeStackTrace);
map.put("company","achao");
//我们的异常处理器携带的数据
Map<String,Object> ext = (Map<String, Object>) webRequest.getAttribute("ext",0);
map.put("ext",ext);
return map;
}
}