iOS ----新特性 3DTouch 开发教程全解(含源码)

本文主要讲解3DTouch各种场景下的开发方法,开发主屏幕应用icon上的快捷选项标签(Home Screen Quick Actions),静态设置UIApplicationShortcutItem,动态添加、修改UIApplicationShortcutItem,peek和pop的实现。

一、3DTouch开发准备工作(让模拟器也支持3DTouch的解决办法)

  需要支持3DTouch的设备,如iPhone6s或以上、iOS9或以上、Xcode7或以上,估计很多和我一样的屌丝还没有iPhone6s,别怕,github上有人为我们提供了这样的一个插件,可以让我们在模拟器上进行3D Touch的效果测试。https://github.com/DeskConnect/SBShortcutMenuSimulator

  安装和使用git主页里介绍的很清楚,只有一点需要注意,如果电脑中装有Xcode6和Xcode7两个版本,那个Xcode的编译路径,需要做如下修改。(Xcode2.app是你Xcode7版本的名字

sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode2.app/Contents/Developer/

 

二、主屏幕按压应用图标展示快捷选项Home Screen Quick Actions

  应用最多有4个快捷选项标签,iOS9为我们提供了2种方式来开发按压应用图标展示快捷选项功能(Home Screen Quick Actions)。

  1.静态标签

  打开我们项目的plist文件,添加如下项(选择框中并没有,需要我们手工敲上去)

UIApplicationShortcutItems:数组中的元素就是我们的那些快捷选项标签。

UIApplicationShortcutItemTitle:标签标题(必填)

UIApplicationShortcutItemType:标签的唯一标识(必填)

UIApplicationShortcutItemIconType:使用系统图标的类型,如搜索、定位、home等(可选)

UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile:使用项目中的图片作为标签图标(可选)

UIApplicationShortcutItemSubtitle:标签副标题(可选)

UIApplicationShortcutItemUserInfo:字典信息,如传值使用(可选)

  2.动态标签

  在AppDelegate.m文件中加如下代码:

 

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- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    
    UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:nil];
    ViewController *mainView = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"mainController"];
    UINavigationController *mainNav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:mainView];
    self.window.rootViewController = mainNav;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    
    //创建应用图标上的3D touch快捷选项
    [self creatShortcutItem];
    
    UIApplicationShortcutItem *shortcutItem = [launchOptions valueForKey:UIApplicationLaunchOptionsShortcutItemKey];
    //如果是从快捷选项标签启动app,则根据不同标识执行不同操作,然后返回NO,防止调用- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler
    if (shortcutItem) {
        //判断先前我们设置的快捷选项标签唯一标识,根据不同标识执行不同操作
        if([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.mycompany.myapp.one"]){
            NSArray *arr = @[@"hello 3D Touch"];
            UIActivityViewController *vc = [[UIActivityViewController alloc]initWithActivityItems:arr applicationActivities:nil];
            [self.window.rootViewController presentViewController:vc animated:YES completion:^{
            }];
        } else if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.mycompany.myapp.search"]) {//进入搜索界面
            SearchViewController *childVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"searchController"];
            [mainNav pushViewController:childVC animated:NO];
        } else if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.mycompany.myapp.share"]) {//进入分享界面
            SharedViewController *childVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"sharedController"];
            [mainNav pushViewController:childVC animated:NO];
        }
        return NO;
    }
    return YES;
}

//创建应用图标上的3D touch快捷选项
- (void)creatShortcutItem {
    //创建系统风格的icon
    UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare];
    
//    //创建自定义图标的icon
//    UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon2 = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithTemplateImageName:@"分享.png"];
    
    //创建快捷选项
    UIApplicationShortcutItem * item = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc]initWithType:@"com.mycompany.myapp.share" localizedTitle:@"分享" localizedSubtitle:@"分享副标题" icon:icon userInfo:nil];
    
    //添加到快捷选项数组
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems = @[item];
}
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  效果图:

 3.点击快捷选项标签进入应用的响应

  在AppDelegate.m文件中加如下代码:

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//如果app在后台,通过快捷选项标签进入app,则调用该方法,如果app不在后台已杀死,则处理通过快捷选项标签进入app的逻辑在- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions中
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler {
    
    UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:nil];
    ViewController *mainView = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"mainController"];
    UINavigationController *mainNav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:mainView];
    self.window.rootViewController = mainNav;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    
    //判断先前我们设置的快捷选项标签唯一标识,根据不同标识执行不同操作
    if([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.mycompany.myapp.one"]){
        NSArray *arr = @[@"hello 3D Touch"];
        UIActivityViewController *vc = [[UIActivityViewController alloc]initWithActivityItems:arr applicationActivities:nil];
        [self.window.rootViewController presentViewController:vc animated:YES completion:^{
        }];
    } else if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.mycompany.myapp.search"]) {//进入搜索界面
        SearchViewController *childVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"searchController"];
        [mainNav pushViewController:childVC animated:NO];
    } else if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.mycompany.myapp.share"]) {//进入分享界面
        SharedViewController *childVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"sharedController"];
        [mainNav pushViewController:childVC animated:NO];
    }
    
    if (completionHandler) {
        completionHandler(YES);
    }
}
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  4.修改UIApplicationShortcutItem

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//获取第0个shortcutItem
    UIApplicationShortcutItem *shortcutItem0 = [[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems objectAtIndex:0];
    //将shortcutItem0的类型由UIApplicationShortcutItem改为可修改类型UIMutableApplicationShortcutItem
    UIMutableApplicationShortcutItem * newShortcutItem0 = [shortcutItem0 mutableCopy];
    //修改shortcutItem的标题
    [newShortcutItem0 setLocalizedTitle:@"按钮1"];
    //将shortcutItems数组改为可变数组
    NSMutableArray *newShortcutItems = [[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems mutableCopy];
    //替换原ShortcutItem
    [newShortcutItems replaceObjectAtIndex:0 withObject:newShortcutItem0];
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems = newShortcutItems;
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三、peek(展示预览)和pop(跳页至预览的界面)

  1.首先给view注册3DTouch的peek(预览)和pop功能,我这里给cell注册3DTouch的peek(预览)和pop功能

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-(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"myCell"];
    if (cell == nil) {
        cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc]initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:@"myCell"];
    }
    cell.textLabel.text = _myArray[indexPath.row];
    if (self.traitCollection.forceTouchCapability == UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable) {
        NSLog(@"3D Touch  可用!");
        //给cell注册3DTouch的peek(预览)和pop功能
        [self registerForPreviewingWithDelegate:self sourceView:cell];
    } else {
        NSLog(@"3D Touch 无效");
    }
    return cell;
}
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  2.需要继承协议UIViewControllerPreviewingDelegate

  3.实现UIViewControllerPreviewingDelegate方法

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//peek(预览)
- (nullable UIViewController *)previewingContext:(id )previewingContext viewControllerForLocation:(CGPoint)location
{
    //获取按压的cell所在行,[previewingContext sourceView]就是按压的那个视图
    NSIndexPath *indexPath = [_myTableView indexPathForCell:(UITableViewCell* )[previewingContext sourceView]];
    
    //设定预览的界面
    UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:nil];
    SearchViewController *childVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"searchController"];
    childVC.preferredContentSize = CGSizeMake(0.0f,500.0f);
    childVC.str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"我是%@,用力按一下进来",_myArray[indexPath.row]];
    
    //调整不被虚化的范围,按压的那个cell不被虚化(轻轻按压时周边会被虚化,再少用力展示预览,再加力跳页至设定界面)
    CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.width,40);
    previewingContext.sourceRect = rect;
    
    //返回预览界面
    return childVC;
}

//pop(按用点力进入)
- (void)previewingContext:(id )previewingContext commitViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToCommit {
     [self showViewController:viewControllerToCommit sender:self];
 }
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  效果图:(当用户按下时cell周边会虚化,增加压力达到一定值会弹出设定的预览界面,继续增加力按压会跳页至预览界面

  4.打开预览的视图的.m文件,我这里是SearchViewController.m中加上如下代码:

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- (NSArray<id> *)previewActionItems {
    // setup a list of preview actions
    UIPreviewAction *action1 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"Aciton1" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {
        NSLog(@"Aciton1");
    }];
    
    UIPreviewAction *action2 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"Aciton2" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {
        NSLog(@"Aciton2");
    }];
    
    UIPreviewAction *action3 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"Aciton3" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {
        NSLog(@"Aciton3");
    }];
    
    NSArray *actions = @[action1,action2,action3];
    
    // and return them (return the array of actions instead to see all items ungrouped)
    return actions;
}
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  效果图:(当弹出预览时,上滑预览视图,出现预览视图中快捷选项)

四、3DTouch压力值的运用

  直接上图、上代码更直观,注释也很清楚,这是我的SearchViewController界面。

 

  直接在SearchViewController.m加这个方法即可,按压SearchViewController中的任何视图都会调用这个方法

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//按住移动or压力值改变时的回调
-(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    NSArray *arrayTouch = [touches allObjects];
    UITouch *touch = (UITouch *)[arrayTouch lastObject];
    //通过tag确定按压的是哪个view,注意:如果按压的是label,将label的userInteractionEnabled属性设置为YES
    if (touch.view.tag == 105) {
        NSLog(@"move压力 = %f",touch.force);
        //红色背景的label显示压力值
        _lbForce.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"压力%f",touch.force];
        //红色背景的label上移的高度=压力值*100
        _bottom.constant = ((UITouch *)[arrayTouch lastObject]).force * 100;
    }
}
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好了,用不同力度按压那个蓝色背景的label,感受一下力度的变化吧,会看到随着力度的变化红色背景的label会上下移动。

源码:https://github.com/zhanglinfeng/Demo3DTouch.git

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