MAC安装mysql、配置字符编码

1. 安装mysql
2. 忘记密码
3. 统一字符编码

1. 安装mysql

下载dmg安装包，进行安装

1.1 开启mysql服务端

dmg安装包安装完以后，进入系统偏好设置，点击Start MySQL Server，开启服务。

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1.2 添加系统变量

(1).进入/usr/local/mysql/bin,查看此目录下是否有mysql.
(2).执行vim ~/.bash_profile
      在该文件中添加mysql/bin的目录
      PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
添加完成后，按esc，然后输入wq保存。
最后在命令行输入source ~/.bash_profile

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1.3 更改密码

安装时会给一个系统初始密码，此时需要更改root的初始密码
set password="password";

1.4 开启客户端、连接服务端

mysql -uroot -p

1.5 MAC OX命令行启动/停止/重启MySQL命令:

sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart

2. 忘记密码怎么办

1. 关闭之前的mysql进程
2. 跳过授权表开启mysql的服务端 mysqld --skip-grant-tables
3. 客户端连接 mysql -uroot -p
4. 更改密码 update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('') where User='root';
5. 刷新权限 flush privileges;

3. 统一字符编码

进入mysql客户端后执行\s。看到服务端是latin1 需要更改为utf-8

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1. 配置my.cnf文件 (mac中是my.cnf,windows中是my.ini).放在/etc中
2. 修改my.cnf读写权限sudo chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf
3. 重启mysql服务

[mysqld]
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.  
  #  
  # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays  
  # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with  
  # other programs (such as a web server)  
  #  
  # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
  # locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
  # You can copy this option file to one of those  
  # locations. For information about these locations, see:  
  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
  #  
  # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
  # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
  # with the "--help" option.  
  # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
  [client]
  default-character-set=utf8
  #password   = your_password  
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock   
  # Here follows entries for some specific programs  
  # The MySQL server  
  [mysqld]
  character-set-server=utf8
  init_connect='SET NAMES utf8
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
  skip-external-locking  
  key_buffer_size = 16M  
  max_allowed_packet = 1M  
  table_open_cache = 64  
  sort_buffer_size = 512K  
  net_buffer_length = 8K  
  read_buffer_size = 256K  
  read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K  
  myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M  
  character-set-server=utf8  
  init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
#   
#skip-networking  
 
  # Replication Master Server (default)  
  # binary logging is required for replication  
  log-bin=mysql-bin  
 
    # binary logging format - mixed recommended  
    binlog_format=mixed  
 
      # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1  
      # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set  
      # but will not function as a master if omitted  
      server-id   = 1  
 
    # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)  
    #  
    # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between  
    # two methods :  
    #  
    # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -  
    #    the syntax is:  
    #  
    #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,  
    #    MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;  
    #  
    #    where you replace , ,  by quoted strings and  
    #     by the master's port number (3306 by default).  
    #  
    #    Example:  
    #  
    #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,  
    #    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';  
    #  
    # OR  
    #  
    # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then  
    #    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example  
    #    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to  
    #    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later  
    #    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and  
    #    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown  
    #    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.  
    #    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched  
    #    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)  
    #  
    # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1  
    # (and different from the master)  
    # defaults to 2 if master-host is set  
    # but will not function as a slave if omitted  
    #server-id       = 2  
    #  
    # The replication master for this slave - required  
    #master-host     =     
    #  
    # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting  
    # to the master - required  
    #master-user     =     
    #  
    # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to  
    # the master - required  
    #master-password =     
    #  
    # The port the master is listening on.  
    # optional - defaults to 3306  
    #master-port     =    
    #  
    # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended  
    #log-bin=mysql-bin  
 
      # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
      #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
      #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
      #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
      # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
      # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
      #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
      #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
      # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
      #innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
      #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
      #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1  
      #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50  
 
        [mysqldump]  
        quick  
        max_allowed_packet = 16M  
 
          [mysql]  
          no-auto-rehash  
          # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
          #safe-updates  
          default-character-set=utf8   
 
        [myisamchk]  
        key_buffer_size = 20M  
        sort_buffer_size = 20M  
        read_buffer = 2M  
        write_buffer = 2M  
 
          [mysqlhotcopy]  
          interactive-timeout