JMeter笔记14 | JMeter场景设计和设置

1 场景设计

1.1 什么是场景？

• 用来真实模拟用户操作的工作单元；
• 场景设计源自于用户真实操作。

1.2 设计原则

• JMeter场景设计通过线程组设置来完成，有些复杂场景需要配合逻辑控制器完成；
• 原则是忠于用户实际操作，组合用户的各种操作到场景中来。

2 场景设置

线程组实际是建立一个线程池，对线程池进行初始化，运行时做各种异常处理。

2.1 参数说明

2.1 基本参数

参数	说明
名称	任意设置具有业务的意思即可
注释	任意设置，可为空

2.2 在取样器错误后要执行的动作

参数	说明
继续	请求出错后继续运行
启动下一进程循环	若出错，同一脚本中的请求将不再执行，直接重新开始执行
停止线程	若出错，停止当前线程不再执行
停止测试	某一线程请求失败，停止所有线程，但每个线程执行完当前迭代才会停止
立即停止测试	有线程请求失败，立马停止整个测试场景

2.3 线程属性

参数	说明
线程数	运行线程的数量，一个线程对应一个虚拟用户
Ramp-Up Period	线程启动开始运行的时间间隔，即所有线程在多长时间内开始运行。若线程数为20，时间为10秒，则每秒启动2个小城。设置为0秒，则表示20个线程立马启动
循环次数	请求的重复次数。选择“永远”则一直执行除非崩溃。不选择“永远”，填写次数，则运行指定的次数。
延迟创建线程直到需要	勾选后，线程在Ramp-Up Period的间隔时间启动并运行取样器的请求。
Same user on each iteration	【选中】每次循环用第一次的cookie，不再更新；可以理解为每次循环都是同一个用户。【不选中】每次循环都是用新的cookie值；可以理解为每次循环都是不同的用户

2.4 调度器

参数	说明
持续时间	测试计划持续多长时间
启动延迟	点击执行按钮后，仅初始化场景，不运行线程

3 实例说明

• 获取token接口，线程数10，时间为5秒，则每秒启动2个；
• 循环次数设置2；
• 其他默认；
• 运行脚本；

• 运行脚本后发现，有20个请求，因为线程数为10，循环了2次。
  

4 本文涉及的脚本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.3">
  <hashTree>
    <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="测试计划" enabled="true">
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
      <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
          <elementProp name="COMMON" elementType="Argument">
            <stringProp name="Argument.name">COMMON</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.value">/zentao/api.php/v1</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
          </elementProp>
        </collectionProp>
      </elementProp>
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
    </TestPlan>
    <hashTree>
      <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP信息头管理器" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers">
          <elementProp name="" elementType="Header">
            <stringProp name="Header.name">Content-Type</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Header.value">application/json</stringProp>
          </elementProp>
        </collectionProp>
      </HeaderManager>
      <hashTree/>
      <ConfigTestElement guiclass="HttpDefaultsGui" testclass="ConfigTestElement" testname="HTTP请求默认值" enabled="true">
        <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true">
          <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
        </elementProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">127.0.0.1</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">80</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.concurrentPool">6</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
      </ConfigTestElement>
      <hashTree/>
      <ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="禅道接口" enabled="true">
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
        <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="循环控制器" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="LoopController.loops">2</stringProp>
        </elementProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">10</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time">5</stringProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">false</boolProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay"></stringProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.same_user_on_next_iteration">true</boolProp>
      </ThreadGroup>
      <hashTree>
        <TransactionController guiclass="TransactionControllerGui" testclass="TransactionController" testname="事务控制器" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="TransactionController.includeTimers">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="TransactionController.parent">true</boolProp>
        </TransactionController>
        <hashTree>
          <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="1-获取token" enabled="true">
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
            <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
              <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
                <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                  <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                  <stringProp name="Argument.value">{&quot;account&quot;: &quot;admin&quot;, &quot;password&quot;: &quot;123456&quot;}</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
                </elementProp>
              </collectionProp>
            </elementProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">/${COMMON}/tokens</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
          </HTTPSamplerProxy>
          <hashTree>
            <JSONPostProcessor guiclass="JSONPostProcessorGui" testclass="JSONPostProcessor" testname="JSON提取器-提取返回的token" enabled="false">
              <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.referenceNames">token</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.jsonPathExprs">$.token</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.match_numbers">1</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.defaultValues">无</stringProp>
            </JSONPostProcessor>
            <hashTree/>
            <RegexExtractor guiclass="RegexExtractorGui" testclass="RegexExtractor" testname="正则表达式提取器" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.useHeaders">false</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.refname">token</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.regex">&quot;token&quot;:&quot;(.*?)&quot;</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.template">$1$</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.default"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.match_number">1</stringProp>
            </RegexExtractor>
            <hashTree/>
            <ResponseAssertion guiclass="AssertionGui" testclass="ResponseAssertion" testname="响应断言-响应代码" enabled="true">
              <collectionProp name="Asserion.test_strings">
                <stringProp name="49587">201</stringProp>
              </collectionProp>
              <stringProp name="Assertion.custom_message"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="Assertion.test_field">Assertion.response_code</stringProp>
              <boolProp name="Assertion.assume_success">false</boolProp>
              <intProp name="Assertion.test_type">2</intProp>
            </ResponseAssertion>
            <hashTree/>
          </hashTree>
        </hashTree>
        <ResultCollector guiclass="TableVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="用表格察看结果" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
          <objProp>
            <name>saveConfig</name>
            <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
              <time>true</time>
              <latency>true</latency>
              <timestamp>true</timestamp>
              <success>true</success>
              <label>true</label>
              <code>true</code>
              <message>true</message>
              <threadName>true</threadName>
              <dataType>true</dataType>
              <encoding>false</encoding>
              <assertions>true</assertions>
              <subresults>true</subresults>
              <responseData>false</responseData>
              <samplerData>false</samplerData>
              <xml>false</xml>
              <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
              <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
              <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
              <responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
              <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
              <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
              <bytes>true</bytes>
              <sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
              <url>true</url>
              <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
              <idleTime>true</idleTime>
              <connectTime>true</connectTime>
            </value>
          </objProp>
          <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
        </ResultCollector>
        <hashTree/>
      </hashTree>
      <ResultCollector guiclass="ViewResultsFullVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="察看结果树" enabled="true">
        <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
        <objProp>
          <name>saveConfig</name>
          <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
            <time>true</time>
            <latency>true</latency>
            <timestamp>true</timestamp>
            <success>true</success>
            <label>true</label>
            <code>true</code>
            <message>true</message>
            <threadName>true</threadName>
            <dataType>true</dataType>
            <encoding>false</encoding>
            <assertions>true</assertions>
            <subresults>true</subresults>
            <responseData>false</responseData>
            <samplerData>false</samplerData>
            <xml>false</xml>
            <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
            <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
            <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
            <responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
            <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
            <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
            <bytes>true</bytes>
            <sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
            <url>true</url>
            <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
            <idleTime>true</idleTime>
            <connectTime>true</connectTime>
          </value>
        </objProp>
        <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
      </ResultCollector>
      <hashTree/>
    </hashTree>
  </hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>