划分子网，然后使用eNSP为路由器配置静态路由，使PC能够通信

一、实验内容

1、将网段192.168.1.0/25 按需划分成四个子网
2、为路由器配置静态ip，使PC1和PC2能ping通.

二、实验拓扑

三、实验过程

（一）子网划分

对于给定子网192.168.1.0/25，根据拓扑要求需划分为4个网段。子网192.168.1.0/25，这是已经划分过子网的网段，借了1位主机位来划分子网。我们要想划分四个网段（2^2=4），需要再往下借两位主机位来划分子网，那么子网掩码的位数为25+2=27位。

	二进制	十进制
子网掩码	11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000	255.255.255.224

划分出来的子网为（加粗的是借的位数）：

	二进制	十进制
子网1	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000	192.168.1.0/27
子网2	11111111.11111111.11111111.00100000	192.168.1.32/27
子网3	11111111.11111111.11111111.01000000	192.168.1.64/27
子网4	11111111.11111111.11111111.01100000	192.168.1.96/27

	可用IP范围	广播地址
子网1	192.168.1.1-192.168.1.30	192.168.1.31
子网2	192.168.1.33-192.168.1.62	192.168.1.63
子网3	192.168.1.65-192.168.1.94	192.168.1.95
子网4	192.168.1.97-192.168.1.126	192.168.1.127

（二）配置静态路由，使PC1和PC2能通信

1、配置两台PC的IP，网关和子网掩码。

2、为路由器端口配置IP地址
R1：

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysnam R1
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add	
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 27
Apr  7 2023 20:47:30-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.34 27
Apr  7 2023 20:48:03-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis ip int b
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.34/27      up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              192.168.1.1/27       up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

R2：

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.33 27
Apr  7 2023 20:49:38-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.66 27
Apr  7 2023 20:50:05-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dis ip int b
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.33/27      up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              192.168.1.66/27      up         up        
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]

R3：

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysnam R3
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.65 27
Apr  7 2023 20:52:09-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.98 27
Apr  7 2023 20:52:42-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis ip int b
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              192.168.1.98/27      up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              192.168.1.65/27      up         up        
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

3、此时使PC1ping网关和PC2，发现，可以ping通网关，因为网关和PC1直连，但无法ping通PC2，因为PC2和PC1不在同一网段，需配置静态路由。

3、配置静态路由。
R1：

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.33
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.33
[R1]

R2：

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 27 192.168.1.34
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.65
[R2]

R3：

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.66
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 27 192.168.1.66
[R3]

4、尝试在PC1 ping PC2，可以ping通，配置成功。