长难句20190507

精读文章：

While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. “Those things that do not show up in the test scores—personality, ability, courage or humanity—are completely ignored,” says Toshiki Kaifu. “Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.” Last year Japan experienced 2125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. Amid the out cry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”（2000年text 4）

核心词汇：

unveil /ʌnˈveɪl/ v.公布;为…揭幕

assault /əˈsɔːlt/ n.袭击 v.袭击

outcry /ˈaʊtkraɪ/ n.强烈抗议

amid /əˈmɪd/ prep.在其中，在其间

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ adj.保守的

moral /ˈmɒrəl/adj.道德的（morality n.道德；道德观）

liberal/ˈlɪbrəl/adj.自由的                                               

show up 显现出来

raise eyebrows扬起眉毛〔表示惊讶或反对〕

drop out 辍学

tend to do 倾向于做

长难句解析：

本句是一个主从复合句，句子的主干是Mitsuo Setoyama raised eyebrows.首先，句首的Last year是时间状语。其次，两个逗号之间的部分是who引导的定语从句修饰Mitsuo Setoyama。最后是when引导的时间状语从句，在这个时间状语从句中包含that引导的宾语从句，作argue的宾语，宾语从句的主干是 liberal reforms had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”宾语从句中的introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 liberal reforms.

参考译文：

尽管因重视基础教育受到外国人的表扬,但是日本教育往往对于应试和机械学习的重视要超过创造性和自我表达。“这些没有显示在测试分数中的东西—个性，能力，勇气和人性—完全被忽视了”，Toshiki Kaifu说。这种情况造成的挫败感会使孩子们辍学、变得疯狂。去年，日本发生了2125次校园暴力事件，其中929起是攻击教师事件。在一片抗议声中，许多保守的领导人开始寻求回归战前对道德教育的重视。去年，教育大臣就表达了不满，认为第二次世界大战后由美国占领当局引进的自由改革弱化了“日本人尊敬父母的道德观”。