Docker镜像制作与推送

目录

Docker镜像制作

搭建私服

将本地镜像推送到私有库

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Docker镜像制作

以创建一个新ubuntu镜像，并安装vim命令示例

运行一个ubuntu镜像，发现在镜像里面无法使用vim命令，因为该ubuntu镜像只包括了其最基本的内核命令

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago     72.8MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it ba6acccedd29 /bin/bash
root@f1e088df465f:/# vim a.txt
bash: vim: command not found

给ubuntu容器安装vim

root@f1e088df465f:/# apt-get update
root@f1e088df465f:/# apt-get -y install vim

安装完成之后就可以在容器里面使用vim编辑器进行文件的编辑了

root@f1e088df465f:/# vim a.txt
root@f1e088df465f:/# 

将这个运行的容器制作成一个带有vim功能的ubuntu镜像

docker commit -m="提交的描述信息" -a="作者" 容器ID 要创建的目标镜像名:[标签名]

[root@localhost ~]# docker commit -m="add vim" -a="mgaw" f1e088df465f linux1:1.00001
sha256:6eb1515df77a8a00c6ae3ff5c541f26a50fd585a4b67d321280612cef1f852e1

查看镜像，发现比原镜像大了很多

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
linux1                              1.00001   6eb1515df77a   31 seconds ago   189MB
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago      72.8MB

运行自己制作的镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it 6eb1515df77a /bin/bash
root@cc4ba90ce5d4:/# vim a.txt
root@cc4ba90ce5d4:/# 

发现确实带有vim功能了

搭建私服

下载镜像Docker Registry

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull registry

运行私服库Registry，相当于本地的私有Docker hub

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /mgaw/myregistry/:/tmp/registry --privileged=true registry
18d989f67ba7cab18d1654227bfb8aa4350d19b3e2d9f912302f1b19bc7d852e

将本地镜像推送到私有库

以创建一个新ubuntu镜像，并安装ifconfig命令示例

运行一个ubuntu镜像，发现在镜像里面无法使用ifconfig命令，因为该ubuntu镜像只包括了其最基本的内核命令

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago     72.8MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it ba6acccedd29 /bin/bash
root@32766e3fc651:/# ifconfig
bash: ifconfig: command not found

给ubuntu容器安装ifconfig

root@32766e3fc651:/# apt-get update
root@32766e3fc651:/# apt-get install net-tools
root@32766e3fc651:/# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.7  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:07  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 9126  bytes 30122477 (30.1 MB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 7207  bytes 395192 (395.1 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

将这个运行的容器制作成一个带有ifconfig功能的ubuntu镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker commit -m="ifconfig" -a="mgaw" 32766e3fc651 ubuntu1:1.00002
sha256:120ca7640729ad7ca74912b3ca8f9f0dceedf7a798e39b59d122652907dd3a0e

查看镜像，发现比原镜像大了很多

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
ubuntu1                             1.00002   120ca7640729   47 seconds ago   122MB
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago      72.8MB

使用 curl 工具验证私服库上有什么镜像

[root@localhost ~]# curl -XGET http://192.168.117.131:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}

目前私服库没有镜像上传过

将新镜像 ubuntu1:1.00002 修改符合私服规范的 Tag

命令格式： docker tag 镜像:Tag Host:Port/Repository:Tag

[root@localhost ~]# docker tag ubuntu1:1.00002 192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002

查看修改后的镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
ubuntu1                             1.00002   120ca7640729   5 minutes ago    122MB
192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1        1.00002   120ca7640729   5 minutes ago    122MB
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago      72.8MB

修改 docker 配置文件使之支持 http

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

新增如下内容

"insecure-registries": ["192.168.117.131:5000"]

最后的结果如下

 重新启动docker，并保证linux防火墙没有对5000端口拦截

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

由于重新启动了docker，需要重新启动 docker registry 容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /mgaw/myregistry/:/tmp/registry --privileged=true registry
bbef35a7bd2f80525932769666c320751565f7f01bf095f30bbfe30fc219b564

推送镜像到私服

[root@localhost ~]# docker push 192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002
The push refers to repository [192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1]
48d7d917047c: Pushed 
9f54eef41275: Pushed 
1.00002: digest: sha256:94872dd08e5e7d4c5921cb3581f8e01631f85a81a34e9dea83a28212ffb48593 size: 741

查看私服库上是否存在镜像

[root@localhost ~]# curl -XGET http://192.168.117.131:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["ubuntu1"]}

 从私服上拉取镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull 192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002
1.00002: Pulling from ubuntu1
Digest: sha256:94872dd08e5e7d4c5921cb3581f8e01631f85a81a34e9dea83a28212ffb48593
Status: Image is up to date for 192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002
192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002

删除192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi -f 120ca7640729
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
linux1                              1.00001   6eb1515df77a   48 minutes ago   189MB
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago      72.8MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull 192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002
1.00002: Pulling from ubuntu1
7b1a6ab2e44d: Already exists 
0981e371e319: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:94872dd08e5e7d4c5921cb3581f8e01631f85a81a34e9dea83a28212ffb48593
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002
192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1:1.00002

再次查看镜像发现镜像成功拉取下来了

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
192.168.117.131:5000/ubuntu1        1.00002   120ca7640729   19 minutes ago   122MB
linux1                              1.00001   6eb1515df77a   49 minutes ago   189MB
ubuntu                              latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago      72.8MB

至此将本地镜像推送到私有库完成