Ubuntu22.04平台安装mesa
1，环境准备
1，在Ubuntu22.04的环境下编译安装Mesa22版本的全过程。
2，以下面编译选项为依据：
meson build -Degl=true --buildtype debug -Dplatforms=x11 -Dgallium-drivers=swrast
3，编译mesa22版本时依赖的所有依赖库的顺序：
sudo apt install meson
sudo apt-get install pkg-config
sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev
sudo apt-get install libzstd-dev
sudo apt-get install libexpat1-dev
sudo apt install libdrm-dev
sudo apt install llvm
sudo apt install libelf-dev
sudo apt install valgrind
sudo apt install bison
sudo apt install flex
如果上面的编译选项需要支持wayland平台，比如 meson build -Degl=true --buildtype debug -Dplatforms=x11,wayland -Dgallium-drivers=swrast
编译到此处时还需要安装wayland协议相关的依赖库。包括以下3个：wayland-scanner，wayland-protocol，wayland-egl-backend
（1）sudo apt install libwayland-dev
（2)wayland-protocol 没有找到直接解决的命令，采样的是源码编译的方式。github上下载 wayland-protocols库的源码， meson build 和 ninja -C build install 可解决该依赖项。
(3)sudo apt install libwayland-egl-backend-dev
sudo apt install libx11-dev
sudo apt install libxext-dev
sudo apt install libxfixes-dev
sudo apt install libxcb-glx0-dev
sudo apt install libxcb-shm0-dev
sudo apt install libx11-xcb-dev
sudo apt install libxcb-dri2-0-dev
sudo apt install libxcb-dri3-dev
sudo apt install libxcb-present-dev
sudo apt install libxshmfence-dev
sudo apt install libxxf86vm-dev
sudo apt install libxrandr-dev
至此，可以解决上面的所有依赖项，完成mesa源码的编译。
2, mesa编译过程
(1) 下载源码
sudo apt install meson
meson build -Degl=true --buildtype debug -Dplatforms=x11 -Dgallium-drivers=swrast
meson build -Degl=true --buildtype debug -Dplatforms=x11,wayland -Dgallium-drivers=swrast
meson build --reconfigure -Degl=true --buildtype debug -Dplatforms=x11,wayland -Dgallium-drivers=swrast
(2)编译成功
meson build 成功时的打印：
WARNING: Library target 'EGL' has 'name_prefix' set. Compilers may not find it from its '-lEGL' linker flag in the 'egl.pc' pkg-config file.
WARNING: Library target 'EGL' has 'name_prefix' set. Compilers may not find it from its '-lEGL' linker flag in the 'egl-uninstalled.pc' pkg-config file.
Message: Configuration summary:
prefix: /usr/local
libdir: lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
includedir: include
OpenGL: yes (ES1: yes ES2: yes)
OSMesa: no
DRI platform: drm
DRI drivers: no
DRI driver dir: /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri
GLX: DRI-based
EGL: yes
EGL drivers: builtin:egl_dri2 builtin:egl_dri3
EGL/Vulkan/VL platforms: x11 surfaceless drm xcb
GBM: yes
GBM backends path: /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gbm
Vulkan drivers: amd intel swrast
Vulkan ICD dir: share/vulkan/icd.d
llvm: yes
llvm-version: 13.0.1
Gallium drivers: swrast
Gallium st: mesa
HUD lmsensors: no
Shared-glapi: yes
Perfetto: no
Perfetto ds: auto
Build targets in project: 193
NOTICE: Future-deprecated features used:
* 0.55.0: {'ExternalProgram.path'}
* 0.56.0: {'meson.source_root'}
mesa 22.1.2
User defined options
buildtype : debug
egl : true
gallium-drivers: swrast
platforms : x11
Found ninja-1.10.1 at /usr/bin/ninja
(3)安装成功
ninja -C build install
ninja: Entering directory `build'
[1/2] Installing files.
Installation failed due to insufficient permissions.
Attempting to use polkit to gain elevated privileges...
Installing src/mapi/shared-glapi/libglapi.so.0.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing symlink pointing to libglapi.so.0.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglapi.so.0
Installing symlink pointing to libglapi.so.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglapi.so
Installing src/mapi/es1api/libGLESv1_CM.so.1.1.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing symlink pointing to libGLESv1_CM.so.1.1.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1
Installing symlink pointing to libGLESv1_CM.so.1 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so
Installing src/mapi/es2api/libGLESv2.so.2.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing symlink pointing to libGLESv2.so.2.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2
Installing symlink pointing to libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so
Installing src/intel/vulkan/intel_icd.x86_64.json to /usr/local/share/vulkan/icd.d
Installing src/intel/vulkan/libvulkan_intel.so to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing src/amd/vulkan/libvulkan_radeon.so to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing src/amd/vulkan/radeon_icd.x86_64.json to /usr/local/share/vulkan/icd.d
Installing src/gbm/libgbm.so.1.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing symlink pointing to libgbm.so.1.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgbm.so.1
Installing symlink pointing to libgbm.so.1 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgbm.so
Installing src/gallium/targets/dri/libgallium_dri.so to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri
Installing src/gallium/targets/lavapipe/libvulkan_lvp.so to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing src/gallium/targets/lavapipe/lvp_icd.x86_64.json to /usr/local/share/vulkan/icd.d
Installing src/glx/libGL.so.1.2.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing symlink pointing to libGL.so.1.2.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
Installing symlink pointing to libGL.so.1 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so
Installing src/egl/libEGL.so.1.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Installing symlink pointing to libEGL.so.1.0.0 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1
Installing symlink pointing to libEGL.so.1 to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/KHR/khrplatform.h to /usr/local/include/KHR
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES/egl.h to /usr/local/include/GLES
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES/gl.h to /usr/local/include/GLES
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES/glext.h to /usr/local/include/GLES
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES/glplatform.h to /usr/local/include/GLES
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES2/gl2.h to /usr/local/include/GLES2
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES2/gl2ext.h to /usr/local/include/GLES2
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES2/gl2platform.h to /usr/local/include/GLES2
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES3/gl3.h to /usr/local/include/GLES3
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES3/gl31.h to /usr/local/include/GLES3
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES3/gl32.h to /usr/local/include/GLES3
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES3/gl3ext.h to /usr/local/include/GLES3
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GLES3/gl3platform.h to /usr/local/include/GLES3
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GL/gl.h to /usr/local/include/GL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GL/glcorearb.h to /usr/local/include/GL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GL/glext.h to /usr/local/include/GL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GL/glx.h to /usr/local/include/GL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GL/glxext.h to /usr/local/include/GL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/EGL/egl.h to /usr/local/include/EGL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/EGL/eglext.h to /usr/local/include/EGL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/EGL/eglplatform.h to /usr/local/include/EGL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/EGL/eglmesaext.h to /usr/local/include/EGL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/EGL/eglextchromium.h to /usr/local/include/EGL
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/include/GL/internal/dri_interface.h to /usr/local/include/GL/internal
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/src/gbm/main/gbm.h to /usr/local/include
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/src/util/00-mesa-defaults.conf to /usr/local/share/drirc.d
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/meson-private/glesv1_cm.pc to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/meson-private/glesv2.pc to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/src/amd/vulkan/00-radv-defaults.conf to /usr/local/share/drirc.d
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/meson-private/gbm.pc to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/meson-private/dri.pc to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/meson-private/egl.pc to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
Installing /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/meson-private/gl.pc to /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
Running custom install script '/usr/bin/python3 /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/bin/install_megadrivers.py /home/jyc/01_code/mesa-mesa-22.1.2/build/src/gallium/targets/dri/libgallium_dri.so /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri swrast_dri.so kms_swrast_dri.so'