Cocoapods私有库管理

1.cocoapods是什么

cocoapods(官方文档)是objective C代码的依赖管理工具,或者也可以叫做是中央代码仓库。

2. cocoapods安装和使用简介(略略略)

3.cocoapods的工作流程简介

3.1搜索开源组件库(镜像索引)

命令:$ pod search ASIHttpRequest
如何搜索开源组件?
所有的项目的 Podspec 文件都托管在https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs。第一次执行pod setup时,CocoaPods 会将这些podspec索引文件更新到本地的~/.cocoapods/目录下,这个索引文件比较大,有 80M 左右。所以第一次更新时非常慢。
当你pod search 一个内容时,就在这个本地目录下进行搜索。

~/.cocoapods/目录如下图:

WechatIMG51.jpeg

3.2 下载源代码到本地

pod install --no-repo-update //忽略更新本地中心仓库

①Cocoapods会预先从github上把代码拉下来放到缓存里,缓存的目录~/Library/Caches/Cocoapods,知道这个是有作用的,方便清理缓存。

②下载到缓存目录后把代码拷贝的你工程目录下的对应目录下:如$projectPath/Pods/ASIHTTPRequest

3.3 Podfile.lock

当你执行pod install之后,除了 Podfile 外,CocoaPods 还会生成一个名为Podfile.lock的文件,Podfile.lock应该加入到版本控制里面,不应该把这个文件加入到.gitignore中。因为Podfile.lock会锁定当前各依赖库的版本,之后如果多次执行pod install不会更改版本,要pod update才会改Podfile.lock了。这样多人协作的时候,可以防止第三方库升级时造成大家各自的第三方库版本不一致。

4.创建私有podspec

4.1 配置podspec

Cocoapods是如何知道一个开源组件需要引入哪些代码,需要添加哪些framework和lib,需要哪些资源文件的呢。
这些信息都配置在podspec文件中。如果你打开Cocoapods的本地中心仓库文件来看的话,会发现保存的都是podspec文件。首先生成一个podspec文件,在工程目录下:
pod spec create [spec_name]
如图:

WechatIMG53.jpeg

podSpec怎么写?请参考Cocoapods官网上的guide

下面是我新建的podspec,写了一些注释

#
#  Be sure to run `pod spec lint JJSpec.podspec' to ensure this is a
#  valid spec and to remove all comments including this before submitting the spec.
#
#  To learn more about Podspec attributes see http://docs.cocoapods.org/specification.html
#  To see working Podspecs in the CocoaPods repo see https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs/
#

Pod::Spec.new do |s|

  # ―――  Spec Metadata  ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  These will help people to find your library, and whilst it
  #  can feel like a chore to fill in it's definitely to your advantage. The
  #  summary should be tweet-length, and the description more in depth.
  #

  s.name         = "JJSpec" #名称
  s.version      = "0.0.1"  #版本号
  s.summary      = "JJSpec描述" #描述

  # This description is used to generate tags and improve search results.
  #   * Think: What does it do? Why did you write it? What is the focus?
  #   * Try to keep it short, snappy and to the point.
  #   * Write the description between the DESC delimiters below.
  #   * Finally, don't worry about the indent, CocoaPods strips it!
  s.description  = <<-DESC
                   DESC

  s.homepage     = "http://EXAMPLE/JJSpec" #描述页面
  # s.screenshots  = "www.example.com/screenshots_1.gif", "www.example.com/screenshots_2.gif"


  # ―――  Spec License  ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  Licensing your code is important. See http://choosealicense.com for more info.
  #  CocoaPods will detect a license file if there is a named LICENSE*
  #  Popular ones are 'MIT', 'BSD' and 'Apache License, Version 2.0'.
  #

  s.license      = "MIT" #版权声明
  # s.license      = { :type => "MIT", :file => "FILE_LICENSE" }


  # ――― Author Metadata  ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  Specify the authors of the library, with email addresses. Email addresses
  #  of the authors are extracted from the SCM log. E.g. $ git log. CocoaPods also
  #  accepts just a name if you'd rather not provide an email address.
  #
  #  Specify a social_media_url where others can refer to, for example a twitter
  #  profile URL.
  #

  s.author             = { "Iris" => "[email protected]" } #作者
  # Or just: s.author    = "Iris"
  # s.authors            = { "Iris" => "[email protected]" }
  # s.social_media_url   = "http://twitter.com/Iris"

  # ――― Platform Specifics ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  If this Pod runs only on iOS or OS X, then specify the platform and
  #  the deployment target. You can optionally include the target after the platform.
  #

  # s.platform     = :ios
  # s.platform     = :ios, "5.0" #支持的系统

  #  When using multiple platforms
  # s.ios.deployment_target = "5.0"
  # s.osx.deployment_target = "10.7"
  # s.watchos.deployment_target = "2.0"
  # s.tvos.deployment_target = "9.0"


  # ――― Source Location ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  Specify the location from where the source should be retrieved.
  #  Supports git, hg, bzr, svn and HTTP.
  #

  s.source       = { :git => "[email protected]:leejing397/Cocoapod-JJTestSpec.git", :tag => "#{s.version}" } #源码地址


  # ――― Source Code ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  CocoaPods is smart about how it includes source code. For source files
  #  giving a folder will include any swift, h, m, mm, c & cpp files.
  #  For header files it will include any header in the folder.
  #  Not including the public_header_files will make all headers public.
  #

  s.source_files  = "Classes", "Classes/**/*.{h,m}"
  s.exclude_files = "Classes/Exclude"

  # s.public_header_files = "Classes/**/*.h"


  # ――― Resources ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  A list of resources included with the Pod. These are copied into the
  #  target bundle with a build phase script. Anything else will be cleaned.
  #  You can preserve files from being cleaned, please don't preserve
  #  non-essential files like tests, examples and documentation.
  
  # s.resource  = "icon.png"
  # s.resources = "Resources/*.png"

  # s.preserve_paths = "FilesToSave", "MoreFilesToSave"


  # ――― Project Linking ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  Link your library with frameworks, or libraries. Libraries do not include
  #  the lib prefix of their name.
  #

  # s.framework  = "SomeFramework" #frameworks
  # s.frameworks = "SomeFramework", "AnotherFramework"

  # s.library   = "iconv"
  # s.libraries = "iconv", "xml2" #lib


  # ――― Project Settings ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――― #
  #
  #  If your library depends on compiler flags you can set them in the xcconfig hash
  #  where they will only apply to your library. If you depend on other Podspecs
  #  you can include multiple dependencies to ensure it works.

  # s.requires_arc = true  #是否需要arc

  # s.xcconfig = { "HEADER_SEARCH_PATHS" => "$(SDKROOT)/usr/include/libxml2" }
  # s.dependency "JSONKit", "~> 1.4"

end

4.2 新建git 仓库用于存放私有库的podspec

把刚才写好的podspec上传到仓库


image.png

4.3 测试pod是否能成功

输入命令pod spec lint JJSpec.podspec --verbose --use-libraries --allow-warnings

image.png

....他会一直跑,一直跑,直到出现JJSpec.podspec passed validation.。如下图:

image.png

此处出现很多问题:
比如没有打tag啦,tag要和version保持一致
比如描述没有写啦,描述和什么写得一样啦
一直改,一直改,直到没error出现了,这就大功告成啦

4.4 创建私有pod

pod repo add XXX(如:JJSpec)https://github.com/leejing397/GeoCompass.git(这个是存私有库的地址)

4.5 将三方库添加到私有pod

pod repo push XXX XXX.podspec

4.6 将本地库更新到最新

pod repo update XXX

4.7pod search xxxSdk(如JJSpec)

image.png

4.8 另外podfile文件里面要增加"Source"

也就是这行
source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'

4.9 安装私有库

pod install

PS:遇到的坑

bug:
1.sha1计算命令:openssl dgst -sha1
.zip的framework 需要添加sha1认证。否则可能会出现pod完成后,framework下载不下来的情况
2./用户/chenzhaoshen/资源库/Caches/CocoaPods/search_index.json 如果找不到repo push成功的库,把这个文件删除,重新search

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