Visual Studio开启clang-tidy代码检查
在CLion中有针对C++的静态代码检查工具clang-tidy，感觉非常好用，能养成好的编码习惯，后来写Qt转入了VS平台，想要继续使用功能一致的clang-tidy体验，所以研究出来在VS中开启clang-tidy的方法。
版本：Visual Studio Community 2022
1.下载Clang支持
clang是LLVM架构中的一部分，包含编译器等相关工具，vs作为微软的开发工具，本身肯定是首先支持自家MSVC工具集的，但是vs也提供了clang相关的支持，需要的话自行添加。
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点击vs菜单栏->工具->获取工具和功能
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在打开的Visual Studio Installer窗口中选择“使用C++的桌面开发”，在右侧工具集中找到“适用于Windows的C++ Clang工具”并勾选，点击修改按钮确认。
接下来等待下载和安装完成。 -
安装完成以后，打开项目，右键项目选择“属性”
在Code Analysis中找到Clang-Tidy并启用
2. 配置check规则
clang-tidy可以根据.clang-tidy文件配置检查规则。
下面是CLion的默认.clang-tidy内容（官方说明：https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/articles/CPP-A-90276519/Clang-Tidy-in-CLion-2021.3-default-configuration），有需要的可以拷贝到新建空文件中并重命名为.clang-tidy。
# Generated from CLion Inspection settings
---
Checks: '-*,
bugprone-argument-comment,
bugprone-assert-side-effect,
bugprone-bad-signal-to-kill-thread,
bugprone-branch-clone,
bugprone-copy-constructor-init,
bugprone-dangling-handle,
bugprone-dynamic-static-initializers,
bugprone-fold-init-type,
bugprone-forward-declaration-namespace,
bugprone-forwarding-reference-overload,
bugprone-inaccurate-erase,
bugprone-incorrect-roundings,
bugprone-integer-division,
bugprone-lambda-function-name,
bugprone-macro-parentheses,
bugprone-macro-repeated-side-effects,
bugprone-misplaced-operator-in-strlen-in-alloc,
bugprone-misplaced-pointer-arithmetic-in-alloc,
bugprone-misplaced-widening-cast,
bugprone-move-forwarding-reference,
bugprone-multiple-statement-macro,
bugprone-no-escape,
bugprone-not-null-terminated-result,
bugprone-parent-virtual-call,
bugprone-posix-return,
bugprone-reserved-identifier,
bugprone-sizeof-container,
bugprone-sizeof-expression,
bugprone-spuriously-wake-up-functions,
bugprone-string-constructor,
bugprone-string-integer-assignment,
bugprone-string-literal-with-embedded-nul,
bugprone-suspicious-enum-usage,
bugprone-suspicious-include,
bugprone-suspicious-memory-comparison,
bugprone-suspicious-memset-usage,
bugprone-suspicious-missing-comma,
bugprone-suspicious-semicolon,
bugprone-suspicious-string-compare,
bugprone-swapped-arguments,
bugprone-terminating-continue,
bugprone-throw-keyword-missing,
bugprone-too-small-loop-variable,
bugprone-undefined-memory-manipulation,
bugprone-undelegated-constructor,
bugprone-unhandled-self-assignment,
bugprone-unused-raii,
bugprone-unused-return-value,
bugprone-use-after-move,
bugprone-virtual-near-miss,
cert-dcl21-cpp,
cert-dcl58-cpp,
cert-err34-c,
cert-err52-cpp,
cert-err60-cpp,
cert-flp30-c,
cert-msc50-cpp,
cert-msc51-cpp,
cert-str34-c,
cppcoreguidelines-interfaces-global-init,
cppcoreguidelines-narrowing-conversions,
cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init,
cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,
cppcoreguidelines-slicing,
google-default-arguments,
google-explicit-constructor,
google-runtime-operator,
hicpp-exception-baseclass,
hicpp-multiway-paths-covered,
misc-misplaced-const,
misc-new-delete-overloads,
misc-no-recursion,
misc-non-copyable-objects,
misc-throw-by-value-catch-by-reference,
misc-unconventional-assign-operator,
misc-uniqueptr-reset-release,
modernize-avoid-bind,
modernize-concat-nested-namespaces,
modernize-deprecated-headers,
modernize-deprecated-ios-base-aliases,
modernize-loop-convert,
modernize-make-shared,
modernize-make-unique,
modernize-pass-by-value,
modernize-raw-string-literal,
modernize-redundant-void-arg,
modernize-replace-auto-ptr,
modernize-replace-disallow-copy-and-assign-macro,
modernize-replace-random-shuffle,
modernize-return-braced-init-list,
modernize-shrink-to-fit,
modernize-unary-static-assert,
modernize-use-auto,
modernize-use-bool-literals,
modernize-use-emplace,
modernize-use-equals-default,
modernize-use-equals-delete,
modernize-use-nodiscard,
modernize-use-noexcept,
modernize-use-nullptr,
modernize-use-override,
modernize-use-transparent-functors,
modernize-use-uncaught-exceptions,
mpi-buffer-deref,
mpi-type-mismatch,
openmp-use-default-none,
performance-faster-string-find,
performance-for-range-copy,
performance-implicit-conversion-in-loop,
performance-inefficient-algorithm,
performance-inefficient-string-concatenation,
performance-inefficient-vector-operation,
performance-move-const-arg,
performance-move-constructor-init,
performance-no-automatic-move,
performance-noexcept-move-constructor,
performance-trivially-destructible,
performance-type-promotion-in-math-fn,
performance-unnecessary-copy-initialization,
performance-unnecessary-value-param,
portability-simd-intrinsics,
readability-avoid-const-params-in-decls,
readability-const-return-type,
readability-container-size-empty,
readability-convert-member-functions-to-static,
readability-delete-null-pointer,
readability-deleted-default,
readability-inconsistent-declaration-parameter-name,
readability-make-member-function-const,
readability-misleading-indentation,
readability-misplaced-array-index,
readability-non-const-parameter,
readability-redundant-control-flow,
readability-redundant-declaration,
readability-redundant-function-ptr-dereference,
readability-redundant-smartptr-get,
readability-redundant-string-cstr,
readability-redundant-string-init,
readability-simplify-subscript-expr,
readability-static-accessed-through-instance,
readability-static-definition-in-anonymous-namespace,
readability-string-compare,
readability-uniqueptr-delete-release,
readability-use-anyofallof'
3. 为项目配置clang-tidy
- 把.clang-tidy文件拷贝到vs项目
- 拷贝到文件夹以后在vs中找不到这个文件，这时候需要点击“显示所有文件按钮”。
然后把该文件包含到项目中
这时候.clang-tidy文件就已经可以生效了。
代码检查会以曲线的方式提示。
如果需要其他自定义check，可以研究clang-tidy的官方文档（https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/），并自行修改.clang-tidy文件。
参考链接：在 Visual Studio 中使用 Clang-Tidy