13.1 it 作非人称代词
13.1.1 it指前面已经提到过的人和物时,作真实主语
The rose is in fall bloom, it's so pretty
13.1.2 it在句子中用作非人称代词时,常常用来表示时间,天气,温度,度量衡,距离等 因为这种情况下她没有实际意义
时间 季节 It‘s spring Festival today
天气、气候 It’s hot,though it‘s raining
温度 It’s 33 centigrade in the room
距离 度量 It’s 10 kilometres to Paris
现状
与since,says,take 等词连用
13.2 it 作形式主语
当不定式、动名词或名词从句作主语时,为了使句子的结构更加平稳,对称,我们经常使用it作形式主语,后面再接不定式,动名词或名词从句作真正主语
To lie in the sun is pleasant
13.3 it 用在强调句中
强调句也叫做分裂句,它通常用于强调某个词或短语 其结构为: it is/was+ 被强调对象+what或whom从句,其中that引导强调任何内容的从句,whom只用于强调人的从句
如:Freda phoned Jack last night
It was Freda who phoned Jack last night
13.4 It 作形式宾语可用在像find一类的动词之后作形式宾语或先行宾语,再接作真正宾语的动词不定式或what引导的从句
Tim finds it difficult to concentrate
13.5 It用于一些搭配中
it还可以用在enjoy(享受)、like(喜欢)、love(爱)、hate(恨)等动词后
You can make it
13.6 It seems that/is possible that 从句
这种从句中,it常常充当先行主语 如:
It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed