三、SpringBoot原理分析

3.1 起步依赖原理分析

3.1.1 分析spring-boot-starter-parent

按住Ctrl点击pom.xml中的spring-boot-starter-parent,跳转到了spring-boot-starter-parent的pom.xml,xml配置如下(只摘抄了部分重点配置):


  org.springframework.boot
  spring-boot-dependencies
  2.0.1.RELEASE
  ../../spring-boot-dependencies

按住Ctrl点击pom.xml中的spring-boot-starter-dependencies,跳转到了spring-boot-starter-dependencies的pom.xml,xml配置如下(只摘抄了部分重点配置):


  	5.15.3
  	2.7.7
  	1.9.63
  	2.4.0
  	1.8.13
  	3.9.1
  	4.0.6
  	2.1.4
  	3.0.0
  	1.7.11
  	... ... ...


  	
      	
        	org.springframework.boot
        	spring-boot
        	2.0.1.RELEASE
      	
      	
        	org.springframework.boot
        	spring-boot-test
        	2.0.1.RELEASE
      	
      	... ... ...
	


  	
    	
      		
        		org.jetbrains.kotlin
        		kotlin-maven-plugin
        		${kotlin.version}
      		
      		
        		org.jooq
        		jooq-codegen-maven
        		${jooq.version}
      		
      		
        		org.springframework.boot
        		spring-boot-maven-plugin
        		2.0.1.RELEASE
      		
          	... ... ...
    	
  	

从上面的spring-boot-starter-dependencies的pom.xml中我们可以发现,一部分坐标的版本、依赖管理、插件管理已经定义好,所以我们的SpringBoot工程继承spring-boot-starter-parent后已经具备版本锁定等配置了。所以起步依赖的作用就是进行依赖的传递

3.1.2 分析spring-boot-starter-web

按住Ctrl点击pom.xml中的spring-boot-starter-web,跳转到了spring-boot-starter-web的pom.xml,xml配置如下(只摘抄了部分重点配置):



  	4.0.0
  	
    	org.springframework.boot
    	spring-boot-starters
    	2.0.1.RELEASE
  	
  	org.springframework.boot
  	spring-boot-starter-web
  	2.0.1.RELEASE
  	Spring Boot Web Starter
  
  	
    	
      		org.springframework.boot
      		spring-boot-starter
      		2.0.1.RELEASE
      		compile
    	
    	
      		org.springframework.boot
      		spring-boot-starter-json
      		2.0.1.RELEASE
      		compile
    	
    	
      		org.springframework.boot
      		spring-boot-starter-tomcat
      		2.0.1.RELEASE
      		compile
    	
    	
      		org.hibernate.validator
      		hibernate-validator
      		6.0.9.Final
      		compile
    	
    	
      		org.springframework
      		spring-web
      		5.0.5.RELEASE
      		compile
    	
    	
      		org.springframework
      		spring-webmvc
      		5.0.5.RELEASE
      		compile
    	
  	

从上面的spring-boot-starter-web的pom.xml中我们可以发现,spring-boot-starter-web就是将web开发要使用的spring-web、spring-webmvc等坐标进行了“打包”,这样我们的工程只要引入spring-boot-starter-web起步依赖的坐标就可以进行web开发了,同样体现了依赖传递的作用。

3.2 自动配置原理解析

按住Ctrl点击查看启动类MySpringBootApplication上的注解@SpringBootApplication

@SpringBootApplication
public class MySpringBootApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class);
    }
}

注解@SpringBootApplication的源码

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
		@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
		@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

	/**
	 * Exclude specific auto-configuration classes such that they will never be applied.
	 * @return the classes to exclude
	 */
	@AliasFor(annotation = EnableAutoConfiguration.class)
	Class[] exclude() default {};

	... ... ...

}

其中,

@SpringBootConfiguration:等同与@Configuration,既标注该类是Spring的一个配置类

@EnableAutoConfiguration:SpringBoot自动配置功能开启

按住Ctrl点击查看注解@EnableAutoConfiguration

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
	... ... ...
}

其中,@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) 导入了AutoConfigurationImportSelector类

按住Ctrl点击查看AutoConfigurationImportSelector源码

public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        ... ... ...
        List configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata,
                                                                   attributes);
        configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
        Set exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
        checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
        configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
        configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
        fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
        return StringUtils.toStringArray(configurations);
}


protected List getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
			AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
		List configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(
				getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader());
		
		return configurations;
}

其中,SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames 方法的作用就是从META-INF/spring.factories文件中读取指定类对应的类名称列表

【温馨提示】Ctrl+f 快速找到此方法

三、SpringBoot原理分析_第1张图片

spring.factories 文件中有关自动配置的配置信息如下:

... ... ...

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\

... ... ...

上面配置文件存在大量的以Configuration为结尾的类名称,这些类就是存有自动配置信息的类,而SpringApplication在获取这些类名后再加载

我们以ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration为例来分析源码:

@Configuration
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@ConditionalOnClass(ServletRequest.class)
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = Type.SERVLET)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(ServerProperties.class)
@Import({ ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration.BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class,
		ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedTomcat.class,
		ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedJetty.class,
		ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedUndertow.class })
public class ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration {
	... ... ...
}

 

其中,

@EnableConfigurationProperties(ServerProperties.class) 代表加载ServerProperties服务器配置属性类

进入ServerProperties.class源码如下:

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "server", ignoreUnknownFields = true)
public class ServerProperties {

	/**
	 * Server HTTP port.
	 */
	private Integer port;

	/**
	 * Network address to which the server should bind.
	 */
	private InetAddress address;
  
  	... ... ...
  
}

其中,

prefix = "server" 表示SpringBoot配置文件中的前缀,SpringBoot会将配置文件中以server开始的属性映射到该类的字段中。映射关系如下:

三、SpringBoot原理分析_第2张图片 

你可能感兴趣的:(spring,boot,java,spring,intellij-idea)