Floods

Climate scientists shocked by scale of floods in Germany***

德国的洪水规模震惊了气候科学家

The intensity and scale of the floods in Germany this week have shocked climate scientists, who did not expect records to be broken this much, over such a wide area or this soon.***

本周，德国遭遇的洪水强度之高、规模之大，震惊了气候科学家。他们没有预料到记录会在这么大范围内，这么快被打破，还被打破了这么多。

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After the deadly heatwave in the US and Canada, where temperatures rose above 49.6C two weeks ago, the deluge in central Europe has raised fears that human-caused climate disruption is making extreme weather even worse than predicted.***

在经历美国和加拿大的“死亡高温”后（两周前，那里的气温高达 49.6℃），欧洲中部的洪水又激起了恐慌。人们担心，人为引发的气候波动正在让极端气候变得比预测的更糟。

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Precipitation records were smashed across a wide area of the Rhine basin on Wednesday, with devastating consequences. At least 58 people have been killed, tens of thousands of homes flooded and power supplies disrupted.

周三，莱茵河流域大片地区的降水记录被打破，造成了许多严重后果。至少有 58 人遇难，成千上万的房屋被洪水冲垮，电力供应也中断了。

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Climate scientists have long predicted that human emissions would cause more floods, heatwaves, droughts, storms and other forms of extreme weather, but the latest spikes have surpassed many expectations.

长期以来，气候科学家一直预测人类的排放会导致更多洪水、高温、干旱、风暴和其他形式的极端天气，但是最近异常天气的急剧增多还是超出了许多人的预期。

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The Americas have been the focus in recent weeks. Last weekend, the monitoring station at Death Valley in California registered 54.4C, which could prove to be the highest reliably recorded temperature on Earth. The far north of Europe also sweltered in record-breaking June heat, and cities in India, Pakistan and Libya have endured unusually high temperatures in recent weeks. Freak weather is increasingly normal.

近几周来，美洲一直是关注的焦点。上周末，加州死亡谷的监测站记录有 54.4℃，这可能是地表有可靠记录以来的最高气温。在六月破纪录的高温下，欧洲最北部的地区也热得要命；同样，印度、巴基斯坦和利比亚的城市近几周来也遭遇了异常高温。反常的天气变得越来越正常了。

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Some experts fear the recent jolts indicate the climate system may have crossed a dangerous threshold. Instead of smoothly rising temperatures and steadily increasing extremes, they are examining whether the trend may be increasingly "nonlinear" or bumpy as a result of knock-on effects from drought or ice melt in the Arctic.***

一些专家担心，近期的波动意味着气候系统可能跨过了一个危险的门槛。他们正在研究气候趋势是否会受北极干旱或冰川融化的连锁反应影响，变得越来越“非线性”或者说波动越来越大，而不仅仅是气温平稳上升或者极端天气稳定增加。

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主编：Raven、虾仁

品控：Raven

审核：桃子

重点词汇

intensity

/ɪnˈten.sə.t̬i/

n.（光、声等的）强度

例句：Floods hit Henan province with great intensity.

词根词缀：-ity（表示“性质，状态，程度”）

相关词汇：intense（adj. 强烈的，剧烈的）

搭配短语：days of intense rescue efforts

deluge

/ˈdel.juːdʒ/

n. 暴雨；洪水

词性拓展：deluge（v. 淹没；使充满）

例句：Floods in Germany deluged tens of thousands of houses with fierce intensity.（德国洪水以极大的强度淹没了成千上万的房屋。）

例句：The hospital was deluged with patients.（医院里充满了病人。）

disruption

/dɪsˈrʌpʃn/

n. 扰乱，中断

相关词汇：disrupt（v. 打断，中断）

例句：The deluge also threatens to disrupt manufacturing and food output in Henan province.（来自彭博社报道）

搭配短语：climate disruption（气候波动）

相关表达：climate change（气候变化）、climate emergency（气候危机）、climate breakdown（气候崩溃）

precipitation

/prɪˌsɪp.əˈteɪ.ʃən/

n. 降水

英文释义：rain, snow, hail, etc. that falls as water or ice after it condenses in the atmosphere

文化补充：降水是大气中的水汽凝结后，以液态水或固态水降落到地面的一种现象，包括雨、雪、露、霜和冰雹等等。降水是水循环过程中最基本的环节，它在时空分布上的不均匀和不稳定会引起洪涝和干旱等灾害。

smash

/smæʃ/

v. 打破；打碎，摔碎

例句：Floods smashed many installations.（洪水毁坏了许多设备。）

搭配短语：to smash records（打破纪录，通常是指“碾压式”地破纪录）

词性拓展：smash（n. 巨大的成功，轰动一时的作品）

同义词：hit

例句："Demon Slayer: Mugen Train" was a big smash / hit in North America.

devastating

/ˈdev.ə.steɪ.t̬ɪŋ/

adj. 毁灭性的，破坏性极大的

相关词汇：devastate（v. 摧毁，毁灭）

例句："Once in a thousand years" rains devastated central China（来自 CNN 的报道标题）

emission

/iˈmɪʃ.ən/

n.（气体、热量、光线等的）排放，散发，射出

搭配短语：carbon emissions

相关词汇：emit（v. 发出，发射）

搭配短语：to emit carbon dioxide

spike

/spaɪk/

n. 激增，峰值；（金属）尖状物

英文释义：a long piece of metal with a sharp point

搭配短语：the latest spikes in extreme weather

搭配短语：a spike in oil prices

surpass

/sɚˈpæs/

v. 超过，优于，超越

词根词缀：sur-（相当于 above 表示“上面”）

Floods

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