#include
#include
#include
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 动态获取互斥锁,推荐
pthread_mutex_t lock;
pthread_mutex_init(&lock, NULL);
// 静态获取互斥锁,声明与赋值必须同时进程
pthread_mutex_t lock02 = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock02);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 动态获取互斥锁,推荐
pthread_mutex_t lock;
pthread_mutex_init(&lock, NULL);
// 静态获取互斥锁
pthread_mutex_t lock02 = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock02);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
void *tick(void *arg)
{
static int num = 100;
while (num > 0)
{
num--;
sleep(0.1);
printf("线程%ld销售了一张票,还剩%d张\n", pthread_self(), num);
}
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
pthread_t p1, p2, p3, p4;
pthread_create(&p1, NULL, tick, NULL);
pthread_create(&p2, NULL, tick, NULL);
pthread_create(&p3, NULL, tick, NULL);
pthread_create(&p4, NULL, tick, NULL);
pthread_join(p1, NULL);
pthread_join(p2, NULL);
pthread_join(p3, NULL);
pthread_join(p4, NULL);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
int ticket = 100;
pthread_mutex_t lock;
// pthread_cond_t cond;
void *sale(void *name)
{
while(ticket > 0)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
if(ticket <= 0)
{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
break;
}
ticket--;
sleep(0.5);
printf("%s售卖了一张船票,还剩%d张船票\n",(char *)name,ticket);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
}
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
pthread_mutex_init(&lock,NULL);//初始化
pthread_t tid1,tid2,tid3,tid4;
pthread_create(&tid1,NULL,sale,"一号窗口");
pthread_create(&tid2,NULL,sale,"二号窗口");
pthread_create(&tid3,NULL,sale,"三号窗口");
pthread_create(&tid3,NULL,sale,"四号窗口");
pthread_join(tid1,NULL);
pthread_join(tid2,NULL);
pthread_join(tid3,NULL);
pthread_join(tid4,NULL);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
pthread_mutex_t lockA, lockB;
void *testA(void *argv)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&lockA);
printf("线程%ld进入锁A中\n", pthread_self());
sleep(1);
pthread_mutex_lock(&lockB);
printf("线程%ld进入锁B中\n", pthread_self());
sleep(1);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lockA);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lockB);
return NULL;
}
void *testB(void *argv)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&lockB);
printf("线程%ld进入锁B中\n", pthread_self());
sleep(1);
pthread_mutex_lock(&lockA);
printf("线程%ld进入锁A中\n", pthread_self());
sleep(1);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lockA);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lockB);
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
pthread_mutex_init(&lockA, NULL);
pthread_mutex_init(&lockB, NULL);
pthread_t t1, t2;
pthread_create(&t1, NULL, testA, NULL);
pthread_create(&t2, NULL, testB, NULL);
pthread_join(t1, NULL);
pthread_join(t2, NULL);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lockB);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lockA);
printf("主线程OVER\n");
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 动态初始化,推荐
pthread_rwlock_t rwlock01;
pthread_rwlock_init(&rwlock01, NULL);
// 静态初始化,不建议使用,声明与复制必须同时进行
pthread_rwlock_t rwlock02 = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;
return 0;
}
// 注意:vscode编写时不会提示,需要手动编写
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
//动态初始化,推荐
pthread_rwlock_t rwlock01;
pthread_rwlock_init(&rwlock01,NULL);
//静态初始化,不建议使用,声明与复制必须同时进行
pthread_rwlock_t rwlock02 = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;
pthread_rwlock_destroy(&rwlock01);
pthread_rwlock_destroy(&rwlock02);
return 0;
}
作用
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
pthread_rwlock_t rwlock;
// 多线程公共读写数据
int num = 0;
void *writeNum(void *x)
{
pthread_rwlock_wrlock(&rwlock);
sleep(2);
num = rand() % 100;
printf("线程%ld写入后num=%d\n", pthread_self(), num);
pthread_rwlock_unlock(&rwlock);
return NULL;
}
void *readNum(void *argv)
{
pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&rwlock);
sleep(2);
printf("线程%ld读取到的num=%d\n", pthread_self(), num);
pthread_rwlock_unlock(&rwlock);
return NULL;
}
void closeThread(pthread_t ps[], int len)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
pthread_t t = ps[i];
pthread_join(t, NULL);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 初始化读写锁
pthread_rwlock_init(&rwlock, NULL);
// 设置随机数种子
srand(time(NULL));
// 声明3个线程写
pthread_t tw[3];
for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++)
{
pthread_create(&tw[i - 10], NULL, writeNum, NULL);
}
// 声明10个线程读
pthread_t tr[10];
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
pthread_create(&tr[i], NULL, readNum, NULL);
}
int wlen = sizeof(tw) / sizeof(pthread_t);
closeThread(tw, wlen);
int rlen = sizeof(tw) / sizeof(pthread_t);
closeThread(tr, rlen);
pthread_rwlock_destroy(&rwlock);
return 0;
}
作用
作用
函数:
#include
#include
#include
// 声明互斥锁
pthread_mutex_t lock;
// 声明条件变量
pthread_cond_t cond;
void *test01()
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
printf("线程%ld陷入休眠\n", pthread_self());
pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &lock);
printf("线程%ld被唤醒\n", pthread_self());
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 声明线程
pthread_t t01, t02;
// 初始化互斥锁
pthread_mutex_init(&lock, NULL);
// 初始化条件变量
pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
// 创建线程
pthread_create(&t01, NULL, test01, NULL);
pthread_create(&t02, NULL, test01, NULL);
sleep(5);
// 随机唤醒一个
// pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
// 唤醒所有
pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond);
// 销毁显示
pthread_join(t01, NULL);
pthread_join(t02, NULL);
// 释放互斥锁
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock);
// 释放条件变量
pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
// 声明互斥锁
pthread_mutex_t lock;
// 声明条件变量
pthread_cond_t cond;
// 声明记录库存数量的变量
int num = 0;
// 声明生产的方法
void *produce(void *argv);
// 声明销售的方法
void *sale(void *argv);
// 声明释放线程的方法
void closeThread(pthread_t ts[], int len)
{
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
pthread_join(ts[i], NULL);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
srand(time(NULL));
// 初始化互斥锁
pthread_mutex_init(&lock, NULL);
// 初始化条件变量
pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
// 声明生产者线程组
pthread_t ps[3];
// 声明销售者线程组
pthread_t ss[5];
// 创建线程并执行
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
pthread_create(&ps[i], NULL, produce, NULL);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
pthread_create(&ps[i], NULL, sale, NULL);
}
// 释放生产者线程
int plen = sizeof(ps) / sizeof(pthread_t);
closeThread(ps, plen);
// 释放消费者线程
int slen = sizeof(ss) / sizeof(pthread_t);
closeThread(ss, slen);
// 释放互斥锁
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock);
// 释放条件变量
pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
return 0;
}
void *produce(void *argv)
{
while (1)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
while (num >= 10)
{
printf("库存已满,线程%ld停止生产\n", pthread_self());
pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &lock);
}
num++;
printf("线程%ld生产了一个商品,当前库存数量为:%d\n",pthread_self(),num);
pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
sleep(1);
}
return NULL;
}
void *sale(void *argv)
{
while (1)
{+
pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
while (num <= 0)
{
printf("库存为0,线程%ld停止销售\n", pthread_self());
pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &lock);
}
num--;
printf("线程%ld销售了一个商品,当前库存数量为:%d\n",pthread_self(),num);
pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
int t = rand()%5;
sleep(t);
}
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
sem_t sem;
void *printstr(void *argv)
{
sem_wait(&sem);
char *str = (char *)argv;
int i = 0;
while (str[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c\n", str[i]);
i++;
sleep(1);
}
sem_post(&sem);
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 初始化信号量,0表示线程 1初始值
sem_init(&sem, 0, 1);
pthread_t t01, t02, t03;
pthread_create(&t01, NULL, printstr, "HELLO");
pthread_create(&t02, NULL, printstr, "c++");
pthread_create(&t03, NULL, printstr, "Java");
pthread_join(t01, NULL);
pthread_join(t02, NULL);
pthread_join(t03, NULL);
// 释放信号量
sem_destroy(&sem);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
sem_t s01, s02, s03;
void *print01(void *argv)
{
sem_wait(&s01);
printf("线程1输入\n");
sem_post(&s02);
return NULL;
}
void *print02(void *argv)
{
sem_wait(&s02);
printf("线程2输入\n");
sem_post(&s03);
return NULL;
}
void *print03(void *argv)
{
sem_wait(&s03);
printf("线程3输入\n");
sem_post(&s01);
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
sem_init(&s01, 0, 1);
sem_init(&s02, 0, 0);
sem_init(&s03, 0, 0);
pthread_t t01, t02, t03;
pthread_create(&t01, NULL, print01, NULL);
pthread_create(&t02, NULL, print02, NULL);
pthread_create(&t03, NULL, print03, NULL);
pthread_join(t01, NULL);
pthread_join(t02, NULL);
pthread_join(t03, NULL);
sem_destroy(&s01);
sem_destroy(&s02);
sem_destroy(&s03);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include //信号量
#include //mmap
#include //wait
void print_string(void *str)
{
char *p = (char *)str;
int i = 0;
while (p[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c", p[i++]);
fflush(stdout);
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 创建无名信号量
// MAP_ANONYMOUS匿名映射 -1不需要文件描述符
sem_t *sem = mmap(NULL, sizeof(sem_t), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
// 初始化信号量 1表示作用于进程 1初始值
sem_init(sem, 1, 1);
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid == 0) // 子进程
{
// p 操作
sem_wait(sem);
print_string("ni hao");
// V 操作
sem_post(sem);
_exit(-1);
}
else if (pid > 0) // 父进程
{
// p 操作
sem_wait(sem);
print_string("hello world");
// V 操作
sem_post(sem);
wait(NULL);
}
// 销毁信号量
sem_destroy(sem);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
void printStr(char *str)
{
int i = 0;
while (str[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c\n", str[i]);
fflush(stdout);
i++;
sleep(1);
}
printf("\n");
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 通过mmap(磁盘映射)创建有缘信号量
sem_t *sem = (sem_t *)mmap(NULL, // 映射区域地址,给NULL内核会自己选择合适的区域
sizeof(sem_t), // 映射区域大学
PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, // 权限:可读,可写
MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, // 文件标识符,当标志位有MAP_ANONYMOUS,文件标识符必须为-1
0); // 偏移量
// 初始化信号量
// 1参:要初始化的信号量指针
// 2参:0线程间共享,非0进程间共享
// 3参:信号量初始值
sem_init(sem, 1, 1);
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid == 0)
{
printf("进程%d被创建了\n", getpid());
break;
}
}
if (i == 0)
{
// 子进程1
// p操作,信号量-1
sem_wait(sem);
printStr("hello");
sem_post(sem);
_exit(-1);
}
else if (i == 1)
{
// 子进程2
sem_wait(sem);
printStr("c++");
sem_post(sem);
_exit(-1);
}
else if (i == 2)
{
// 父进程
while (1)
{
//-1,等待任意子进程结束回收,
// WNOHANG:不阻塞
// 返回值:被回收的子进程id
pid_t pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG);
if (pid > 1)
{
printf("进程%d,被回收了\n", pid);
}
else if (pid == 0)
{
// 当pid为0说明当前并没有回收到子进程,还有子进程在运行
continue;
}
else if (pid < 0)
{
// 当pid小于0说明当前父进程中已经没有子进程了
break;
}
}
// 销毁信号量
sem_destroy(sem);
}
getchar();
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include //信号量
#include //mmap
#include //wait
void print_string(void *str)
{
char *p = (char *)str;
int i = 0;
while (p[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c", p[i++]);
fflush(stdout);
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 创建无名信号量
// MAP_ANONYMOUS匿名映射 -1不需要文件描述符
sem_t *sem1 = (sem_t *)mmap(NULL, sizeof(sem_t), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
sem_t *sem2 = (sem_t *)mmap(NULL, sizeof(sem_t), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
// 初始化信号量 1表示作用于进程 1初始值
sem_init(sem1, 1, 1);
sem_init(sem2, 1, 0);
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid == 0) // 子进程
{
// p 操作
sem_wait(sem1);
print_string("ni hao");
// V 操作
sem_post(sem2);
_exit(-1);
}
else if (pid > 0) // 父进程
{
// p 操作
sem_wait(sem2);
print_string("hello world");
// V 操作
sem_post(sem1);
wait(NULL);
}
// 销毁信号量
sem_destroy(sem1);
sem_destroy(sem2);
return 0;
}
// 18_codeA.c
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
void printStr(char *str)
{
int i = 0;
while (str[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c\n", str[i]);
i++;
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
sem_t *sem = sem_open("sem", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666, 1);
sem_wait(sem);
printStr("hello 123");
sem_post(sem);
sem_close(sem);
sem_destroy(sem);
return 0;
}
// 18_codeB.c
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
void printStr(char *str)
{
int i = 0;
while (str[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c\n", str[i]);
i++;
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
sem_t *sem = sem_open("sem", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666, 1);
sem_wait(sem);
printStr("Hi C++");
sem_post(sem);
sem_close(sem);
sem_destroy(sem);
return 0;
}
// 19_codeA.c
#include /* For O_* constants */
#include /* For mode constants */
#include
#include
#include
void print_string(void *str)
{
char *p = (char *)str;
int i = 0;
while (p[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c", p[i++]);
fflush(stdout);
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 创建一个有名信号量
sem_t *sem1 = sem_open("sem1", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666, 1);
sem_t *sem2 = sem_open("sem2", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666, 0);
// P 操作
sem_wait(sem1);
print_string("nihao xian");
// V 操作
sem_post(sem2);
// 关闭信号量
sem_close(sem1);
sem_close(sem2);
// 销毁信号
sem_destroy(sem1);
sem_destroy(sem2);
return 0;
}
// 19_codeB.c
#include /* For O_* constants */
#include /* For mode constants */
#include
#include
#include
void print_string(void *str)
{
char *p = (char *)str;
int i = 0;
while (p[i] != '\0')
{
printf("%c", p[i++]);
fflush(stdout);
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// 创建一个有名信号量
sem_t *sem1 = sem_open("sem1", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666, 1);
sem_t *sem2 = sem_open("sem2", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666, 0);
// P 操作
sem_wait(sem2);
print_string("hello world");
// V 操作
sem_post(sem1);
// 关闭信号量
sem_close(sem1);
sem_close(sem2);
// 销毁信号
sem_destroy(sem1);
sem_destroy(sem2);
return 0;
}