Android分享实现总结

前言:实现分享功能的几个办法

  1. 调用系统的分享功能
  2. 通过第三方SDK,如ShareSDK,友盟等
  3. 自行使用各自平台的SDK,比如QQ,微信,微博各自的SDK

一、调用系统的分享功能

本文只是关于如何实现Android系统分享,并非第三方SDK实现方法
实例
Android开发时通过startActivity发送action为Intent.ACTION_SEND的Intent即很容易就可以实现系统分享功能,举个简单例子看看:

Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the Shared text.");
//切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
startActivity(shareIntent);

从例子中,可以发现实现系统分享主要由三部分Action、Extras和Type组成。首先将Intent的cation设置为Intent.ACTION_SEND,其次根据分享的内容设置不同的Type,然后根据不同的社交平台设置相关Extras,最后将Intent发送出去即可完成系统分享。
以下列举几种分享类型:

  • 分享文本内容
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the Shared text.");
//切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
startActivity(shareIntent);
  • 分享图片
//将mipmap中图片转换成Uri
Uri imgUri = Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + "/" +R.mipmap.ic_launcher);

Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); 
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); 
//其中imgUri为图片的标识符
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUri); 
shareIntent.setType("image/*"); 
//切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
startActivity(shareIntent); 
  • 分享多张图片
Uri imgUri = Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + "/" +R.mipmap.ic_launcher);

ArrayList imgUris = new ArrayList();
imgUris.add(imgUri);  //其中imgUri1为第一张图片的标识符
imgUris.add(imgUri); //其中imgUri2为第二张图片的标识符

Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
//其中fileUri为文件的标识符
shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUris);
shareIntent.setType("image/*");
//切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
startActivity(shareIntent);
  • 分享邮件
Uri imgUri = Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + "/" +R.mipmap.ic_launcher);

Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
//其中imgUri为图片的标识符
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUri);
shareIntent.setType("image/*");
//设置邮件主题
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Here is the email subject");
//邮件内容
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the email content");
//切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
startActivity(shareIntent);
//EXTRA_BCC:存放邮件密送人地址的字符串数组。 
//EXTRA_CC:存放邮件抄送人地址的字符串数组。
//EXTRA_EMAIL:存放邮件地址的字符串数组

问题拓展

  1. 如何将自己的应用能够显示在系统分享的应用选择框中?
    根据以上介绍,我们可以在应用清单文件中使用来完成;

    
      
      
      
      
     
 
  1. 如何监听在应用选择框中,选择了那个应用?
    需要采用BroadcastReceiver来实现:(该方法在部分手机上可以实现,并且需要API Level大于等于22)
  • 创建BroadcastReceiver
public class ShareDoneReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        for(String key:intent.getExtras().keySet()){
            try {
                ComponentName componentInfo = (ComponentName) intent.getExtras().get(key);
                PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
                String appName = (String) packageManager.getApplicationLabel(packageManager.getApplicationInfo(componentInfo.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA));
                Log.i("Selected", appName);
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }
        }
    }
}
  • AndroidManifest中注册广播

  • 获取广播进行分享
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the Shared text.");
Intent receiver = new Intent(this, ShareDoneReceiver.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, receiver, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
//切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box", pendingIntent.getIntentSender());
startActivity(shareIntent);
  1. 如何为制定应用设置分享type?
List targetIntents = new ArrayList();

//获取所有支持ACTION_SEND的应用
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
List resInfos = pm.queryIntentActivities(shareIntent, 0);
//对目标引用进行判断
if(resInfos != null && resInfos.size() > 0){
    for(ResolveInfo info:resInfos){
         Intent target = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
         //需要知道制定应用的package name
         if ("com.tencent.mm".equals(info.activityInfo.packageName)) {
               target.setType("text/plain");
         }else{
               target.setType("image/*");
               //其中imgUri为图片的标识符
               target.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUri);
         }
         target.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the email content");
         target.setComponent(new ComponentName( info.activityInfo.packageName, info.activityInfo.name));
         targetIntents.add(target);
     }
}
//创建应用选择框
Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(targetIntents.remove(0), "");
chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
startActivity(chooserIntent);

4.如何只显示指定的应用?

List targetIntents = new ArrayList();

//获取所有支持ACTION_SEND的应用
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
PackageManager pm =getPackageManager();
List resInfos = pm.queryIntentActivities(shareIntent, 0);
//对目标引用进行判断
if(resInfos != null && resInfos.size() > 0){
  for(ResolveInfo info:resInfos){
    if("com.netease.mobimail".equals(info.activityInfo.packageName)
        || "com.google.android.talk".equals(info.activityInfo.packageName)){

      Intent target = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
      target.setType("text/plain");
      target.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the email content");
      target.setComponent(new ComponentName( info.activityInfo.packageName, info.activityInfo.name));
      targetIntents.add(target);
    }
  }
}
//创建应用选择框
Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(targetIntents.remove(0), "");
chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
startActivity(chooserIntent);

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