1. 简介
Gui的核心技术:
- Swing AWT
为什么市面很少使用GUI技术？
- 因为界面不美观。
- 几 M 的小工具，需要安装很大的jre环境！
为什么我们要学习?
- 可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具，比如：贪吃蛇小游戏。
- 工作时候，有可能需要维护到swing界面，概率极小！
- 了解MVC架构，了解监听!
2. 常用组件
- 窗口
- 弹窗
- 面板
- 文本框
- 列表框
- 按钮
- 图片
- 监听事件
- 鼠标
- 键盘事件
- 破解工具
3. AWT
3.1AWT介绍
img
3.2组件和容器
窗口
package com.yyh.gui.frame;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* Gui-frame窗口学习
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-10-29 16:28
**/
public class TestFrame01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//窗口
Frame frame = new Frame("yyh");
//设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(500,500);
//设置颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(51, 146, 232));
//弹出初始位置
frame.setLocation(300,300);
//设置大小是否固定，默认为：true-不固定
frame.setResizable(true);
}
}
窗口无法关闭；停止java程序运行
窗口
- 多个窗口
package com.yyh.gui.frame;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* 测试多个窗口
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-10-29 16:39
**/
public class TestFrame02 {
//同时展示多个窗口
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200,Color.cyan);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200,Color.green);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200,Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200,Color.yellow);
}
static class MyFrame extends Frame{
//可能存在多个窗口，我需要一个计数器来进行计数
static int id = 0;
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
//id自增
super("yyh+"+(++id));
//设置可见性
setVisible(true);
//设置弹出位置 和 长宽
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
//设置背景颜色
setBackground(color);
}
}
}
多窗口
面板
package com.yyh.gui.panel;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* gui-panel面板学习
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-10-29 16:52
**/
public class TestPanel01 {
//panel 可以看做一个空间，但不能单独存在
public static void main(String[] args) {
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
Frame frame = new Frame();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
//背景色
frame.setBackground(new Color(47, 106, 236));
//panel设置坐标，相对于Frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(218, 214, 214));
//panel依托于Frame
frame.add(panel);
//设置可见
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式：
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
窗口关闭
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式：
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
面板
3.3布局管理器
流式布局
package com.yyh.gui.layout;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 流式布局
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-10-29 17:42
**/
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
//背景色
frame.setBackground(new Color(47, 106, 236));
//设置按钮
Button button = new Button("yyh1");
Button button1 = new Button("yyh2");
Button button2 = new Button("yyh3");
//设置为流式布局
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //默认居中
// frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); //左
//添加按钮
frame.add(button);
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
//显示
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式：
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
流式布局
东西南北中
package com.yyh.gui.layout;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 东南西北中布局
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-02 15:17
**/
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("yyh");
//东南西北中布局
frame.add(new Button("EAST"),BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(new Button("SOUTH"),BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(new Button("WEST"),BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(new Button("NORTH"),BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(new Button("CENTER"),BorderLayout.CENTER);
//可见
frame.setVisible(true);
//自适应大小
//frame.pack();
//设置定位和大小
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,400);
//添加监听事件
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
东南西北中
表格布局
package com.yyh.gui.layout;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 表格布局
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-02 15:58
**/
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("yyh");
//布局,两列三行
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,3));
for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) {
frame.add(new Button(i + ""));
}
//设置可见
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置定位和大小
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,400);
//添加监听事件
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//关闭程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
表格布局
嵌套布局
package com.yyh.gui.layout;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 嵌套布局
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-02 16:16
**/
public class TestLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
this.loadMyframe();
}
//加载窗口
public void loadMyframe(){
//组件
Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p2 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p3 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
//布局
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
//上
this.add(p1);
p1.add(new Button("1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
p1.add(new Button("2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p3.add(new Button("p3-1"));
p3.add(new Button("p3-2"));
p1.add(p3,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//下
this.add(p2);
p2.add(new Button("3"),BorderLayout.WEST);
p2.add(new Button("4"),BorderLayout.EAST);
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
p4.add(new Button("p4-" + i));
}
p2.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//设置可见
this.setVisible(true);
//设置定位和大小
this.setBounds(300,300,500,400);
//设置监听事件
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
嵌套布局
3.4 事件监听
#### 单按钮事件监听
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 单按钮监听事件
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-03 18:03
**/
public class TsetActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//组件
Frame frame = new Frame("按钮监听事件");
Button button = new Button("check！！！");
//监听
button.addActionListener(new MyActionEvent());
frame.add(button);
//设置可见
frame.setVisible(true);
//自适应大小
frame.pack();
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,400);
//退出程序
closeWindow(frame);
}
//退出程序
private static void closeWindow(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听类
class MyActionEvent implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("按钮监听事件");
}
}
按钮监听
多按钮监听同一事件
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 多按钮监听同一事件
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 9:39
**/
public class TsetActionEvent2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//组件
Frame frame = new Frame("yyh");
Button b1 = new Button("begin");
Button b2 = new Button("end");
//可以显示的定义触发后返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值!可以多个按钮只写一个监听潴
b2.setActionCommand("stop");
//监听
b1.addActionListener(new MyActionEvent2());
b2.addActionListener(new MyActionEvent2());
//布局
frame.add(b1,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(b2,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.pack();
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,400);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听类
class MyActionEvent2 implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println(e.getActionCommand());
}
}
多按钮监听同一事件
文本框事件监听
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 文本框
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 9:57
**/
public class Testfield {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField field = new TextField();
this.add(field);
//监听文本框
field.addActionListener(new MyAction());
//设置字体掩码
field.setEchoChar('*');
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500,300,500,400);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//监听类
class MyAction implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField)e.getSource();
System.out.println(field.getText());
field.setText("");
}
}
文本框
简易计算器
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 计算器
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 10:25
**/
public class TestCalculator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
//组件
TextField t1 = new TextField(5);
TextField t2 = new TextField(5);
TextField t3 = new TextField(15);
Button button = new Button(" = ");
Label label = new Label(" + ");
public Calculator(){
//布局
this.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
this.add(t1);
this.add(label);
this.add(t2);
this.add(button);
this.add(t3);
//监听
button.addActionListener(new MyAction());
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500,300,500,400);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
//监听器类---》内部类
//内部类好处，畅通无阻的访问外部类
private class MyAction implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(t2.getText());
t3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
t1.setText("");
t2.setText("");
}
}
}
简易计算器
画笔
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 画笔
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 10:48
**/
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public MyPaint(){
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500,300,500,400);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//super.paint(graphics);
//画笔需要有颜色
g.setColor(Color.red);
//可以画画
g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//空心
g.fillOval(200,200,100,100);//实心
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.fillOval(200,200,100,100);//实心
//养成习惯，画笔用完将它还原到最初的颜色
}
}
画笔
鼠标事件监听
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
* 鼠标监听事件
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 11:36
**/
public class TestMouse {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame1("画笔");
}
}
//鼠标类
class MyFrame1 extends Frame {
//画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置
//需要集合来存储这个点
//存鼠标的点
ArrayList points = new ArrayList<>();
public MyFrame1(String title) {
super(title);
setBounds(200, 200, 400, 400);
//鼠标监听器，针对这个窗口
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouse());
setVisible(true);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画，监听鼠标的事件
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);//画点时显示的其实是实心圆
}
}
//添加一个点到界面上，写一个方法
public void addPoint(Point point) {
points.add(point);
}
//适配器模式
private class MyMouse extends MouseAdapter {
//鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame1 myFrame = (MyFrame1) e.getSource();
//当我们点击的时候就会在界面上产生一个点
//这个点就是鼠标的点
myFrame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
//每一次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
myFrame.repaint();//刷新
}
}
}
鼠标监听
窗口事件监听
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 窗口监听
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 15:10
**/
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyWindow("窗口监听");
}
}
class MyWindow extends Frame{
public MyWindow(String title){
super(title);
this.setBounds(200, 200, 400, 400);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBackground(Color.cyan);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//关闭程序
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
//打开窗口
@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("打开窗口");
}
//关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("关闭窗口");
}
//最小化
@Override
public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("最小化");
}
//最大化
@Override
public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("最大化");
}
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("激活窗口");
}
});
}
}
窗口监听
键盘事件监听
package com.yyh.gui.listener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 键盘监听
* @author yyh
* @create 2021-11-04 15:24
**/
public class TestKey {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyKeyFrame();
}
}
class MyKeyFrame extends Frame{
public MyKeyFrame(){
this.setBounds(200, 200, 400, 400);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBackground(Color.cyan);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//关闭程序
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
System.out.println("空格--跳！！！");
}
}
});
}
}
键盘监听
总结：
1.Frame是一个顶级窗口2.Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
3.布局管理器
- 流式布局
- 东西南北中布局
- 表格布局
- 嵌套布局
4.组件常用属性：大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听！
5.事件监听
- 按钮
- 文本框
- 鼠标
- 窗口
- 键盘