SpringBoot整合JWT+Spring Security+Redis实现登录拦截（二）权限认证

上篇博文中我们已经实现了登录拦截，接下来我们继续补充代码，实现权限的认证

一、RBAC权限模型

        什么事RBAC权限模型？

        RBAC权限模型（Role-Based Access Control）即：基于角色的权限访问控制。在RBAC中，权限与角色关联，用户通过赋予角色而获得相应角色的权限。故我们需要如下几张表：

        用户表：系统接口及访问的操作者

        权限表：能够访问某接口或者做某操作的授权资格

        角色表：具有一类相同操作权限的用户的总称

        用户角色表：用户角色相关联的表

        角色权限表：角色与权限相关联的表

二、创建对应的数据库表

        可根据项目需要增加或删减、修改对应的表字段

        sys_user

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user`  (
  `id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',
  `nick_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '昵称',
  `user_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `gender` varchar(2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  `phone` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号码',
  `email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
  `role_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',
  `is_admin` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '是否为admin账号',
  `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  `enabled` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '是否启用',
  `create_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',
  `update_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',
  `create_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',
  `update_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '系统用户' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

 sys_role

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role`  (
  `id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',
  `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '名称',
  `level` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色级别',
  `description` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  `create_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',
  `update_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',
  `create_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',
  `update_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '角色表' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_menu

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_menu`  (
  `id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',
  `pid` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '上级菜单ID',
  `sub_count` int(0) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '子菜单数目',
  `type` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单类型',
  `title` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单标题',
  `menu_sort` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '排序',
  `icon` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '图标',
  `path` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '链接地址',
  `cache` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '缓存',
  `hidden` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '隐藏',
  `permission` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限',
  `create_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',
  `update_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',
  `create_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',
  `update_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 118 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '系统菜单' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_user_role

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_users_roles`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_users_roles`  (
  `user_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
  `role_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`, `role_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `user_id`(`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '用户角色关联' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_role_menu

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_roles_menus`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_roles_menus`  (
  `role_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',
  `menu_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '菜单ID',
  PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`, `menu_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `FKcngg2qadojhi3a651a5adkvbq`(`role_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '角色菜单关联' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

三、生成5张基础表对应的Java代码

        可自行书写或使用mybatis工具进行生成，也可参考之前的博文

mybatis-plus自动生成代码（整理版）_mybatisplus代码自动生成-CSDN博客文章浏览阅读111次。整理版，添加了注释模版，常用基础方法。也可直接替换成公共的或自己代码中自定义的。仅提供基础方法，可根据具体需求自行改造。仅提供基础方法，可根据具体需求自行改造。仅提供基础方法，可根据具体需求自行改造。_mybatisplus代码自动生成https://blog.csdn.net/shaogaiyue9745602/article/details/134525030?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502

四、鉴权实现

  1.创建PermissionMapper.xml

           变现sql根据用户ID查询角色对应的权限

    
        SELECT
            DISTINCT m.permission
        FROM
            sys_users_roles ur
            LEFT JOIN sys_role r ON ur.role_id = r.id
            LEFT JOIN sys_roles_menus	rm ON ur.role_id = rm.role_id
            LEFT JOIN sys_menu m ON m.id = rm.menu_id
        WHERE
            user_id = #{userId}
    

2.创建PermissionMapper

package com.hng.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.hng.entity.SysMenu;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 

 * 系统菜单 Mapper 接口
 * 
 *
 * @author 郝南过
 * @since 2023-12-19
 */
public interface PermissionMapper extends BaseMapper {

    List selectPermsByUserId(String userId);
}

3.改造SecurityUser

    （1）改造构造函数增加权限集合

    private List permissions;

    public SecurityUser(SysUser user, List permissions) {
        this.user = user;
        this.permissions = permissions;
    }

    （2）改造getAuthorities

    @Override
    public Collection getAuthorities() {
        //将permissions中的String类型的权限信息封装成SimpleGrantedAuthority对象
        if(authorities!=null){
            return authorities;
        }
        authorities = permissions.stream()
                .map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        return authorities;
    }

 4.改造UserDetailsServiceImpl

        修改loadUserByUsername方法，使用Permission增加权限查询

package com.hng.config.security;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.hng.config.exception.customize.EntityNotFoundException;
import com.hng.modules.system.entity.SysUser;
import com.hng.modules.system.mapper.PermissionMapper;
import com.hng.modules.system.mapper.SysMenuMapper;
import com.hng.modules.system.service.SysUserService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;

/**
 * @Author: 郝南过
 * @Description: 将Security拦截的用户名密码改为数据库中已有的用户名密码,Security自己校验密码，默认使用PasswordEncoder,格式为{id}password（id代表加密方式），
 * 一般不采用此方式，SpringSecurity提供了BcryptPasswordEncoder,只需将此注入到spring容器中。SpringSecurity就会使用它进行替换校验
 * @Date: 2023/12/11 11:29
 * @Version: 1.0
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

    @Resource
    private SysUserService sysUserService;

    @Resource
    private PermissionMapper permissionMapper;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        //查询用户信息
        LambdaQueryWrapper queryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper();
        queryWrapper.eq(SysUser::getUserName,username);
        SysUser user = sysUserService.getOne(queryWrapper);
        if(Objects.isNull(user)){
            throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码错误");
        }
        //查询授权信息
        List permissions = permissionMapper.selectPermsByUserId(user.getId());
        //判断用户是否是管理员，如果是管理员添加admin权限
        if(user.getIsAdmin()){
            permissions.add("admin");
        }
        return new SecurityUser(user,permissions);
    }
}

5.自定义权限检测

      可直接使用已有的权限检测@PreAuthorize(“hasAuthority('自定义字符串')”)，hasAuthority是系统提供的，可直接使用，也可以自定义。以下为自定义，为方便直接判断admin用户，并给admin用户授予所有权限。

PermissionConfig

package com.hng.config.security;

import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 自定义权限检测
 */
@Component(value = "ex")
public class PermissionConfig {

    public Boolean check(String... permissions) {
        // 获取当前用户的所有权限
        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
        SecurityUser securityUser = (SecurityUser) authentication.getPrincipal();
        List exPermissions = securityUser.getPermissions();
        // 判断当前用户的所有权限是否包含接口上定义的权限
        return exPermissions.contains("admin") || Arrays.stream(permissions).anyMatch(exPermissions::contains);
    }
}

6.在SecurityConfig中添加注解

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)//开启权限权限认证

7.在Cotroller中添加对应的权限字符

        如果未自定义权限检测使用注解@PreAuthorize(“hasAuthority('自定义字符串')”)，本篇博文中的例子已经自定义为@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('自定义字符串')")

  SysUserController 示例

package com.hng.controller;

import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import com.hng.config.response.ResponseResult;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.List;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam;

import com.hng.entity.SysUser;
import com.hng.service.SysUserService;


/**
 * 

 * 系统用户 前端控制器
 * 
 */
@Slf4j
@Api(value = "SysUser", tags = "SysUser")
@RestController
@RequiredArgsConstructor //Lombok的一个注解，简化@Autowired
@RequestMapping("/sys-user")
public class SysUserController {

    private final SysUserService sysUserService;
    
    @PostMapping("/getList")
    @ApiOperation("sysUser列表查询")
    @PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:list')")
    public ResponseResult queryAllSysUser(@Validated @RequestBody SysUser sysUser){
        List list = sysUserService.queryAll(sysUser);
        return ResponseResult.success(list);
    }

    @PostMapping("/add")
    @ApiOperation("新增SysUser")
    @PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:add')")
    public ResponseResult addSysUser(@Validated @RequestBody SysUser sysUser){
        sysUserService.addSysUser(sysUser);
        return ResponseResult.success();
    }

    /**
     * 根据ID查询数据
     * @param id ID
     */
    @GetMapping("getById/{id}")
    @ApiOperation("sysUser根据Id查询")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:getById')")
    public ResponseResult getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        return ResponseResult.success(sysUserService.getSysUserById(id));
    }

    /**
     * 更新数据
     * @param sysUser 实体对象
     */
    @PutMapping("update")
    @ApiOperation("sysUser更新")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:edit')")
    public ResponseResult update(@Validated @RequestBody SysUser sysUser) {
        sysUserService.updateSysUser(sysUser);
        return ResponseResult.success();
    }

    /**
     * 删除数据
     * @param id ID
     */
    @DeleteMapping("delete/{id}")
    @ApiOperation("sysUser根据Id删除")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:del')")
    public ResponseResult delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        sysUserService.deleteSysUser(id);
        return ResponseResult.success();
    }

}

五.数据库中添加数据

        根据自己定义的权限字符串与用户进行数据添加

六.测试

        使用pomstman进行测试，注此时可以测试上篇博文中的权限认证异常处理器

 【demo示例代码】

https://download.csdn.net/download/shaogaiyue9745602/88661442https://download.csdn.net/download/shaogaiyue9745602/88661442