R语言【dplyr】——使用 relocate() 更改列的位置，其语法与 select() 相同，便于一次移动多个列块
Package dplyr version 1.1.4
Parameters
relocate(.data, ..., .before = NULL, .after = NULL)参数【.data】：数据集、数据集扩展（如 tibble）或 lazy data frames（如来自 dbplyr 或 dtplyr 的数据集）。
参数【...】：<tidy-select> 要移动的列。
参数【.before，.after】：<tidy-select> 通过参数【...】选择的列的目的地。两者都不提供会将列移动到左侧；同时指定两者则会出错。
Value
与参数【.data】类型相同的对象。输出具有以下属性：
- 行不会受到影响。
- 输出中会出现相同的列，但（通常）位置不同，可能还会重命名。
- 数据集属性保留不变。
- 分组不受影响。
Examples
1. relocate() 默认将列放到首列
df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a b c d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(f)
# A tibble: 1 × 6
f a b c d e
1 a 1 1 1 a a 2. relocate() 的参数【.after】将列放到该列后面
df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a b c d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(a, .after = c)
# A tibble: 1 × 6
b c a d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(a, .after = last_col())
# A tibble: 1 × 6
b c d e f a
1 1 1 a a a 1 3. relocate() 的参数【.before】将列放到该列前面
df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a b c d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(f, .before = b)
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a f b c d e
1 1 a 1 1 a a 4. relocate() 在改变列的位置的同时，还可以重命名列名
df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a b c d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(ff = f)
# A tibble: 1 × 6
ff a b c d e
1 a 1 1 1 a a 5. relocate() 通过变量的类型选择列
df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a b c d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(where(is.character))
# A tibble: 1 × 6
d e f a b c
1 a a a 1 1 1
df %>% relocate(where(is.numeric), .after = last_col())
# A tibble: 1 × 6
d e f a b c
1 a a a 1 1 1 6. relocate() 通过其他的选择方法挑选列
df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a b c d e f
1 1 1 1 a a a
df %>% relocate(any_of(c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u")))
# A tibble: 1 × 6
a e b c d f
1 1 a 1 1 a a 7. 在调动多列的同时使用了参数【.after，.before】，列会立即排在选择列的前/后
df2 <- tibble(a = 1, b = "a", c = 1, d = "a")
df2
# A tibble: 1 × 4
a b c d
1 1 a 1 a
df2 %>% relocate(where(is.numeric), .after = where(is.character))
# A tibble: 1 × 4
b d a c
1 a a 1 1
df2 %>% relocate(where(is.numeric), .before = where(is.character))
# A tibble: 1 × 4
a c b d
1 1 1 a a