二进制适合大集群,50台以上主机
kubeadm更适合中下企业的业务集群
架构
master 20.0.0.70 docker kubelet kubeadm kubelet flannel
node1 20.0.0.71 docker kubelet kubeadm kubelet flannel
node 20.0.0.72 docker kubelet kubeadm kubelet flannel
Harbor 20.0.0.73 docker docker-compose Harbor
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X
关闭selinux
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done
根据规划设置主机名(70 71 72)
hostnamectl set-hostname master
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
20.0.0.70 master
20.0.0.71 node01
20.0.0.72 node02
EOF
调整内核参数(所有节点)
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
#开启网桥模式,可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
#关闭ipv6协议
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
#看实际的生产情况,需要开启ipv6流量,可以不关。
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF
sysctl --system
时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com
所有节点安装docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
systemctl start docker.service
systemctl enable docker.service
在70 71 72 主机上操作
定义kubernetes源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum install -y kubelet-1.20.15 kubeadm-1.20.15 kubectl-1.20.15
开机自启kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet.service
查看初始化需要的镜像
kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version 1.20.15
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.20.15
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.20.15
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.20.15
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.20.15
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.13-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.7.0
pause:特殊的pod
pause会在节点上创建一个网络命名空间,其他容器可以加入这个网络命名空间,pod里面的容器可能使用不同的代码和架构编写,可以在一个网络空间里面实现通信,协调这个命名空间里面的资源(实现pod内容器的兼容性)
kubeadm安装的k8s组件都是以pod的形式运行在kube-system这个命令空间当中
kubelet的node节点管理器可以进行系统控制
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=20.0.0.70 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version=v1.20.15 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
--token-ttl=0
--apiserver-advertise-address:声明master节点的apiserver的监听地址
-image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers:声明拉去镜像的仓库,使用阿里云
--kubernetes-version=v1.20.15\ k8s集群的版本号
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16\ 所有service的--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16\ kubeadm init \
> --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.233.91 \
> --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
> --kubernetes-version=v1.20.15 \
> --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
> --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
> --token-ttl=0对外代理地址都是10.96.0.0/16
所有pod的IP地址网段
kubeadm join 192.168.233.91:6443 --token j7h4sa.yau6cfyzva2zk9ll \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:13b961db6119c69691992ef0e33b46a97339290d6ff19d8effe00329e543d28f
#在node节点加入集群
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp admin.conf /root/.kube/config
cd /root/.kube/
chown $(id-u):$(id-g) $HOME/.kube/config
重启kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet
初始化后需要修改 kube-proxy 的 configmap,开启 ipvs
kubectl edit cm kube-proxy -n=kube-system
修改mode: ipvs
kubectl get cs 发现集群不健康,更改以下两个文件
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
# 修改如下内容
把--bind-address=127.0.0.1变成--bind-address=192.168.233.91 #修改成k8s的控制节点master01的ip
把httpGet:字段下的hosts由127.0.0.1变成192.168.233.91(有两处)
#- --port=0 # 搜索port=0,把这一行注释掉
systemctl restart kubelet
所有节点上传 flannel 镜像 flannel.tar 和网络插件 cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz 到 /opt 目录,
master节点上传 kube-flannel.yml 文件
cd /opt
docker load < flannel.tar
mv /opt/cni /opt/cni_bak
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin
//在 master 节点创建 flannel 资源
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
#删除node节点
kubectl delete node master01
证书有效期的问题,kubeadm默认只有1年:
openssl x509 -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt -noout -text | grep Not
openssl x509 -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.crt -noout -text | grep Not
./update-kubeadm-cert.sh all
执行脚本即可
在master节点查看节点状态
kubectl get nodes
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
测试 pod 资源创建
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
kubectl get pods -o wide
//暴露端口提供服务
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
进入pod修改页面
kubectl get svc
//测试访问
curl http://20.0.0.71:30067
//缩容副本
kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
kubectl get pods -o wide
把源码包拖到opt目录下
mv docker-compose docker-compose
cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
chmod 777 /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
解压Harbor
tar zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v2.8.1.tgz
cd harbor/
vim harbor.yml
hostname = hub.test.com
https:
# https port for harbor, default is 443
port: 443
# The path of cert and key files for nginx
certificate: /data/cert/server.crt
private_key: /data/cert/server.key
harbor_admin_password = 123456
生成证书
mkdir -p /data/cert
cd /data/cert
#生成私钥
openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048
输入两遍密码:123456
生成证书签名请求文件
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
输入私钥密码:123456
输入国家名:CN
输入省名:BJ
输入市名:BJ
输入组织名:TEST
输入机构名:TEST
输入域名:hub.kgc.com
输入管理员邮箱:[email protected]
其它全部直接回车
#备份私钥
cp server.key server.key.org
#清除私钥密码
openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key
输入私钥密码:123456
#签名证书
openssl x509 -req -days 1000 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
chmod +x /data/cert/*
cd /opt/harbor/
./prepare
./install.sh
在本地使用火狐浏览器访问:https://20.0.0.73
添加例外 -> 确认安全例外
用户名:admin
密码:123456
node1节点:
mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.test.com/
在harbor节点把密钥验证目录整个转给node节点:
scp -r /data/ [email protected]:/
scp -r /data/ [email protected]:/
把刚才的生成的密钥文件放入:
cd /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.test.com/
[root@node01 hub.test.com]# ls
server.crt server.csr server.key
vim /etc/hosts
20.0.0.73 hub.test.com
vim /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --insecure-registry=hub.test.com
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
[root@node01 system]# docker login -u admin -p 123456 https://hub.test.com
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
docker tag nginx:latest hub.test.com/library/nginx:v1
docker push hub.test.com/library/nginx:v1
//在master节点上删除之前创建的nginx资源
kubectl delete deployment nginx
kubectl create deployment myapp-test --image=hub.test.com/library/nginx:v1 --port=80 --replicas=2
kubectl expose deployment myapp-test --port=30000 --target-port=80
kubectl get svc,pods
yum install ipvsadm -y
ipvsadm -Ln
#通过clusterip+端口号 进行访问
curl 10.96.245.162:30000
kubectl edit svc nginx-deployment
25 type: NodePort #把调度策略改成NodePort
kubectl get svc
上传 recommended.yaml 文件到 /opt/k8s 目录中
cd /opt/k8s
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
#获取token值
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
#使用输出的token登录Dashboard
https://20.0.0.70:30001
页面访问结果