CentOS7.9新添加磁盘分区2T

CentOS7.9新添加磁盘分区2T

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前言

随着时间的推移，生产环境因数据量的增加而导致磁盘空间不足以满足生产环境的需要，此时需要对现有的环境进行扩容，本次演示扩容操作，而不影响生产环境数据的丢失或者覆盖。

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一、查看本机磁盘环境

[root@shigj data]# df -Th
文件系统                类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  2.0G     0  2.0G    0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     2.0G  8.6M  2.0G    1% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        50G  1.5G   49G    3% /
/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  138M  877M   14% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-data xfs        46G  2.7G   43G    6% /data
tmpfs                   tmpfs     396M     0  396M    0% /run/user/0
[root@shigj data]# lsblk
sda（SCSI）是设备名称,其中sda1划分给了/boot;sda2划分给了根目录、swap空间、和/data目录；vda是未使用的磁盘
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   99G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0  3.9G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-data 253:2    0 45.1G  0 lvm  /data
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  
vda             252:0    0    2T  0 disk 

二、添加新的磁盘分区

2.1使用fdisk工具

[root@shigj ~]# fdisk /dev/vda
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。

更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盘标识符 0x2ac651de 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。

WARNING: The size of this disk is 2.2 TB (2199023255552 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID 
partition table format (GPT).


命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：m
命令操作
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：
起始 扇区 (2048-4294967295，默认为 2048)：
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-4294967294，默认为 4294967294)：
将使用默认值 4294967294
分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 2 TiB

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
正在同步磁盘。

2.2创建、删除物理卷、卷组、逻辑卷

[root@shigj ~]# lvm
创建物理卷
lvm> pvcreate /dev/vda1
  Physical volume "/dev/vda1" successfully created.
删除物理卷
lvm> pvremove /dev/vda1
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/vda1" successfully wiped.
创建卷组
lvm> vgcreate -s 32 datatest /dev/vda1
  Volume group "datatest" successfully created
删除卷组
lvm> vgremove datatest
  Volume group "datatest" successfully removed
创建逻辑卷
lvm> lvcreate -n mylv -L 2047G datatest
  Logical volume "mylv" created.
删除逻辑卷
lvm> lvremove /dev/datatest/mylv
Do you really want to remove active logical volume datatest/mylv? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "mylv" successfully removed

2.3格式化为xfs文件系统

[root@shigj ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/datatest/mylv 
meta-data=/dev/datatest/mylv     isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=134152192 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=536608768, imaxpct=5
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=262016, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

2.4配置文件/etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Nov 17 11:37:29 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=4f11b246-c997-41ce-92ca-deeb151fc729 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-data /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/datatest/mylv      /datatest               xfs    defaults        0 0

三、查看挂载情况

[root@shigj ~]# mount -a
[root@shigj ~]# df -Th
文件系统                  类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                  devtmpfs  2.0G     0  2.0G    0% /dev
tmpfs                     tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     tmpfs     2.0G  8.6M  2.0G    1% /run
tmpfs                     tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   xfs        50G  1.5G   49G    3% /
/dev/sda1                 xfs      1014M  138M  877M   14% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-data   xfs        46G  2.7G   43G    6% /data
tmpfs                     tmpfs     396M     0  396M    0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/datatest-mylv xfs       2.0T   33M  2.0T    1% /datatest