【LeetCode】1321. 餐馆营业额变化增长

表: Customer

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| customer_id   | int     |
| name          | varchar |
| visited_on    | date    |
| amount        | int     |
+---------------+---------+
在 SQL 中，(customer_id, visited_on) 是该表的主键。
该表包含一家餐馆的顾客交易数据。
visited_on 表示 (customer_id) 的顾客在 visited_on 那天访问了餐馆。
amount 是一个顾客某一天的消费总额。

你是餐馆的老板，现在你想分析一下可能的营业额变化增长（每天至少有一位顾客）。

计算以 7 天（某日期 + 该日期前的 6 天）为一个时间段的顾客消费平均值。average_amount 要保留两位小数。

结果按 visited_on 升序排序。

返回结果格式的例子如下。

示例 1:

输入：
Customer 表:
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
| customer_id | name         | visited_on   | amount      |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
| 1           | Jhon         | 2019-01-01   | 100         |
| 2           | Daniel       | 2019-01-02   | 110         |
| 3           | Jade         | 2019-01-03   | 120         |
| 4           | Khaled       | 2019-01-04   | 130         |
| 5           | Winston      | 2019-01-05   | 110         | 
| 6           | Elvis        | 2019-01-06   | 140         | 
| 7           | Anna         | 2019-01-07   | 150         |
| 8           | Maria        | 2019-01-08   | 80          |
| 9           | Jaze         | 2019-01-09   | 110         | 
| 1           | Jhon         | 2019-01-10   | 130         | 
| 3           | Jade         | 2019-01-10   | 150         | 
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
输出：
+--------------+--------------+----------------+
| visited_on   | amount       | average_amount |
+--------------+--------------+----------------+
| 2019-01-07   | 860          | 122.86         |
| 2019-01-08   | 840          | 120            |
| 2019-01-09   | 840          | 120            |
| 2019-01-10   | 1000         | 142.86         |
+--------------+--------------+----------------+
解释：
第一个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-01 到 2019-01-07 是restaurant-growth/restaurant-growth/ (100 + 110 + 120 + 130 + 110 + 140 + 150)/7 = 122.86
第二个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-02 到 2019-01-08 是 (110 + 120 + 130 + 110 + 140 + 150 + 80)/7 = 120
第三个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-03 到 2019-01-09 是 (120 + 130 + 110 + 140 + 150 + 80 + 110)/7 = 120
第四个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-04 到 2019-01-10 是 (130 + 110 + 140 + 150 + 80 + 110 + 130 + 150)/7 = 142.86

方法一：使用窗口函数筛选日期

with cte1 as(
    select distinct visited_on
    from Customer
    where datediff(visited_on, (select min(visited_on) from Customer))>=6
)

select
visited_on,sum(amount) as amount,round((sum(amount)/7),2) as average_amount
from
    (select
    a.visited_on as visited_on,
    b.visited_on as old_visited_on,
    amount,
    dense_rank() over(partition by a.visited_on order by b.visited_on desc) as rnk
    from
    cte1 a,Customer b
    where a.visited_on>=b.visited_on)tmp 
where rnk<=7
group by visited_on

方法二：使用datediff()函数筛选日期（datediff函数返回date1 - date2的计算结果）

with cte1 as(
    select distinct visited_on
    from Customer
    where datediff(visited_on, (select min(visited_on) from Customer))>=6
)

select
cte1.visited_on,
sum(amount) as amount,
round((sum(amount)/7),2) as average_amount
from
cte1,Customer
where cte1.visited_on>=Customer.visited_on 
and datediff(cte1.visited_on, Customer.visited_on)<=6
group by cte1.visited_on