rabbitmq消息持久化存储包含一下三个方面:
1、exchange的持久化
2、queue的持久化
3、message的持久化
exchange的持久化
在申明exchange的时候,有个参数:durable。当该参数为true,则对该exchange做持久化,重启rabbitmq服务器,该exchange不会消失。durable的默认值为true
public class DirectExchange extends AbstractExchange {
public static final DirectExchange DEFAULT = new DirectExchange("");
public DirectExchange(String name) {
super(name);
}
public DirectExchange(String name, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete) {
super(name, durable, autoDelete);
}
public DirectExchange(String name, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete, Map<String, Object> arguments) {
super(name, durable, autoDelete, arguments);
}
public final String getType() {
return "direct";
}
}
public abstract class AbstractExchange extends AbstractDeclarable implements Exchange {
private final String name;
private final boolean durable;
private final boolean autoDelete;
private final Map<String, Object> arguments;
private volatile boolean delayed;
private boolean internal;
public AbstractExchange(String name) {
this(name, true, false);
}
public AbstractExchange(String name, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete) {
this(name, durable, autoDelete, (Map)null);
}
public AbstractExchange(String name, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete, Map<String, Object> arguments) {
this.name = name;
this.durable = durable;
this.autoDelete = autoDelete;
if (arguments != null) {
this.arguments = arguments;
} else {
this.arguments = new HashMap();
}
}
queue的持久化
申明队列时也有个参数:durable。当该参数为true,则对该queue做持久化,重启rabbitmq服务器,该queue不会消失。durable的默认值为true
public Queue(String name) {
this(name, true, false, false);
}
public Queue(String name, boolean durable) {
this(name, durable, false, false, (Map)null);
}
public Queue(String name, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete) {
this(name, durable, exclusive, autoDelete, (Map)null);
}
public Queue(String name, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete, Map<String, Object> arguments) {
Assert.notNull(name, "'name' cannot be null");
this.name = name;
this.actualName = StringUtils.hasText(name) ? name : Base64UrlNamingStrategy.DEFAULT.generateName() + "_awaiting_declaration";
this.durable = durable;
this.exclusive = exclusive;
this.autoDelete = autoDelete;
this.arguments = (Map)(arguments != null ? arguments : new HashMap());
}
message的持久化
前面我们已经讲到exchange与queue的持久化,那么message如何持久化呢?
我们在使用rabbit-client做消息持久化时,设置了BasicProperties的deliveryMode为2,做消息的持久化。
AMQP.BasicProperties properties = new AMQP.BasicProperties.
Builder().
deliveryMode(2).
build();
channel.basicPublish("ex.pc", "key.pc", properties, "hello world".getBytes());
那么整合了spring boot,使用RabbitTemplate如何做持久化?
首先,我们来到经常的使用的消息发送方法:RabbitTemplate类下的convertAndSend
@Override
public void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, final Object object) throws AmqpException {
convertAndSend(exchange, routingKey, object, (CorrelationData) null);
}
然后调用了该类下的重载方法:convertAndSend。该方法中将object 转换成了message
@Override
public void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, final Object object,
@Nullable CorrelationData correlationData) throws AmqpException {
send(exchange, routingKey, convertMessageIfNecessary(object), correlationData);
}
在做消息转换的时候,我们注意到,传入了一个MessageProperties对象
protected Message convertMessageIfNecessary(final Object object) {
if (object instanceof Message) {
return (Message) object;
}
return getRequiredMessageConverter().toMessage(object, new MessageProperties());
}
在MessageProperties中,有个deliveryMode属性,该属性默认值为:MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT(持久化的)
public MessageProperties() {
this.deliveryMode = DEFAULT_DELIVERY_MODE;
this.priority = DEFAULT_PRIORITY;
}
static {
DEFAULT_DELIVERY_MODE = MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT;
DEFAULT_PRIORITY = 0;
}
消息转换完成后,调用时同类方法的send方法
@Override
public void send(final String exchange, final String routingKey,
final Message message, @Nullable final CorrelationData correlationData)
throws AmqpException {
execute(channel -> {
doSend(channel, exchange, routingKey, message,
(RabbitTemplate.this.returnCallback != null
|| (correlationData != null && StringUtils.hasText(correlationData.getId())))
&& RabbitTemplate.this.mandatoryExpression.getValue(
RabbitTemplate.this.evaluationContext, message, Boolean.class),
correlationData);
return null;
}, obtainTargetConnectionFactory(this.sendConnectionFactorySelectorExpression, message));
}
该方法又调用了doSend方法
public void doSend(Channel channel, String exchangeArg, String routingKeyArg, Message message, // NOSONAR complexity
boolean mandatory, @Nullable CorrelationData correlationData)
throws Exception { // NOSONAR TODO: change to IOException in 2.2.
String exch = exchangeArg;
String rKey = routingKeyArg;
if (exch == null) {
exch = this.exchange;
}
if (rKey == null) {
rKey = this.routingKey;
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Publishing message " + message
+ "on exchange [" + exch + "], routingKey = [" + rKey + "]");
}
Message messageToUse = message;
MessageProperties messageProperties = messageToUse.getMessageProperties();
if (mandatory) {
messageProperties.getHeaders().put(PublisherCallbackChannel.RETURN_LISTENER_CORRELATION_KEY, this.uuid);
}
if (this.beforePublishPostProcessors != null) {
for (MessagePostProcessor processor : this.beforePublishPostProcessors) {
messageToUse = processor.postProcessMessage(messageToUse, correlationData);
}
}
setupConfirm(channel, messageToUse, correlationData);
if (this.userIdExpression != null && messageProperties.getUserId() == null) {
String userId = this.userIdExpression.getValue(this.evaluationContext, messageToUse, String.class);
if (userId != null) {
messageProperties.setUserId(userId);
}
}
sendToRabbit(channel, exch, rKey, mandatory, messageToUse);
// Check if commit needed
if (isChannelLocallyTransacted(channel)) {
// Transacted channel created by this template -> commit.
RabbitUtils.commitIfNecessary(channel);
}
}
在该方法中我们终于看到了发送消息到rabbitmq的操作:sendToRabbit。该方法将MessageProperties对象转换成了BasicProperties。至此,我们终于了解了,spring rabbit 中如何实现messge的持久化。默认的message就是持久化的
protected void sendToRabbit(Channel channel, String exchange, String routingKey, boolean mandatory,
Message message) throws IOException {
BasicProperties convertedMessageProperties = this.messagePropertiesConverter
.fromMessageProperties(message.getMessageProperties(), this.encoding);
channel.basicPublish(exchange, routingKey, mandatory, convertedMessageProperties, message.getBody());
}
如何改变message的持久化属性?
根据上面的源码分析,spring中默认的message就是持久化的,如何改变持久化属性?
1、使用send方法,发送message。设置message中MessageProperties的属性deliveryMode
2、自定义MessageConverter,在消息转换时,设置MessageProperties的属性deliveryMode
3、自定MessagePropertiesConverter,在MessageProperties对象转换成BasicProperties时,设置deliveryMode