Android Studio开发控件、页面使用

1.控件

1.1按钮

获取按钮:

Button btn_scan_view=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button_get);

按钮点击事件:

 //点击开始生成按钮监听事件
        btn_get.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
			   //点击事件内容
            }
        });

1.2 输入框

输入框:

EditText edittext=findViewById(R.id.editTextText);//输入框

获取输入内容:

String input= edittext.getText().toString();

1.3 图像

获取图像控件:

  ImageView img_view=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView);

将图像填充到控件:

img_view.setImageBitmap();

2.页面跳转

2.1 跳转到自定义页面

使用Intent来实现页面跳转
首先,我们需要创建一个新的Android Activity。在Android Studio中,可以通过以下步骤实现:
在项目的结构视图中,右键点击app -> New -> Activity -> Blank Activity,然后给新的Activity命名并选择放在哪个文件夹下。
在AndroidManifest.xml文件中,我们需要为新的Activity注册一个类别。

//监听按钮,如果点击,就跳转
ntent intent = new Intent();
 //前一个(MainActivity.this)是目前页面,后面一个是要跳转的下一个页面
 intent.setClass(MainActivity.this,ScanActivity.class);//ScanActivity修改为待跳转页面
startActivity(intent);

3.代码示例(生成、扫描二维码)

3.1 创建项目及准备工作

创建项目修改镜像提速(settings.gradle.kts)文件修改为:

pluginManagement {
    repositories {
        maven { setUrl("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public") }
        maven { setUrl("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central") }
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        gradlePluginPortal()
    }
}
dependencyResolutionManagement {
    repositoriesMode.set(RepositoriesMode.FAIL_ON_PROJECT_REPOS)
    repositories {
        maven { setUrl("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public") }
        maven { setUrl("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central") }
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

maven添加jar包,在build.gradle.kts添加:

implementation("com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:3.6.0")

3.2 主页面(生成二维码):

代码:

package com.example.week08_or;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter;

import java.util.Hashtable;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    Button btn_get;
    Button btn_scan_view;
    ImageView img_view;
    EditText edittext;

    @SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn_get=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button_get);
        img_view=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView);
        btn_scan_view=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button_page);//跳转页面
        edittext =findViewById(R.id.editTextText);//输入框

        //点击开始生成按钮监听事件
        btn_get.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String input= edittext.getText().toString();
                //调用CreateUtil类生成二维码后显示在界面上
                img_view.setImageBitmap(createQRCode(input,img_view.getWidth(),img_view.getHeight()));
            }
        });
        btn_scan_view.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //监听按钮,如果点击,就跳转
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                //前一个(MainActivity.this)是目前页面,后面一个是要跳转的下一个页面
                intent.setClass(MainActivity.this,ScanActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    //将输入的字符串转为图像
    public  Bitmap createQRCode(String codestring, int width, int height){
        try {
            //首先判断参数的合法性,要求字符串内容不能为空或图片长宽必须大于0
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(codestring)||width<=0||height<=0){
                return null;
            }
            //设置二维码的相关参数,生成BitMatrix(位矩阵)对象
            Hashtable hashtable=new Hashtable<>();
            hashtable.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");  //设置字符转码格式
            hashtable.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION,"H");   //设置容错级别
            hashtable.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN,"2"); //设置空白边距
            //encode需要抛出和处理异常
            BitMatrix bitMatrix=new QRCodeWriter().encode(codestring, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,width,height,hashtable);
            //再创建像素数组,并根据位矩阵为数组元素赋颜色值
            int[] pixel=new int[width*width];
            for (int h=0;h

layout文件:




    

    

3.3 扫描二维码

代码:

package com.example.week08_or;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import com.google.zxing.integration.android.IntentIntegrator;
import com.google.zxing.integration.android.IntentResult;
import com.journeyapps.barcodescanner.CaptureActivity;


public class ScanActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    Button btn_scan;
    Button btn_back;
    TextView textView;
    @SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_scan);//绑定页面

        btn_scan=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_scan);
        btn_back=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
        textView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);


        //扫描二维码按钮点击事件
        btn_scan.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //.QR_CODE_TYPES 二维码
                //ONE_D_CODE_TYPES条形码
                //ALL_CODE_TYPES 所有类型
                new IntentIntegrator(ScanActivity.this).setDesiredBarcodeFormats(IntentIntegrator.ALL_CODE_TYPES)// 扫码的类型,可选:一维码,二维码,一/二维码
                        .setPrompt("请对准二维码")// 设置提示语
                        .setCameraId(0)// 选择摄像头,可使用前置或者后置
                        .setBeepEnabled(false)// 是否开启声音,扫完码之后会"哔"的一声
                        //.setBarcodeImageEnabled(true)// 扫完码之后生成二维码的图片
                        .setCaptureActivity(CaptureActivity.class)
                        .initiateScan();// 初始化扫码
            }
        });
        //返回上一页面
        btn_back.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                finish();
            }
        });
    }
	#回调函数,处理扫描结果
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        IntentResult result = IntentIntegrator.parseActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(result != null) {
            if(result.getContents() == null) {
                Toast.makeText(this, "Cancelled", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(this, "Scanned: " + result.getContents(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                textView.setText(result.getContents());
            }
        } else {
            super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        }
    }
}

布局文件:




    

3.2.3 自定义扫描窗口

需要将

setCaptureActivity(CaptureActivity.class)

修改为:

setCaptureActivity(CustomCaptureActivity.class)
//CustomCaptureActivity为自定义activity名称。

Activity:

package com.example.week08_or;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import com.journeyapps.barcodescanner.CaptureManager;
import com.journeyapps.barcodescanner.DecoratedBarcodeView;

public class CustomCaptureActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private CaptureManager capture;
    private DecoratedBarcodeView barcodeScannerView;

    @SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_custom_capture);// 自定义布局

        barcodeScannerView = (DecoratedBarcodeView) findViewById(R.id.dbv_custom);

        capture = new CaptureManager(this, barcodeScannerView);
        capture.initializeFromIntent(getIntent(), savedInstanceState);
        capture.decode();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        capture.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        capture.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        capture.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
        capture.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String permissions[], @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        capture.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        return barcodeScannerView.onKeyDown(keyCode, event) || super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    }
}

layout:




    


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