java实现常见的三种工厂模式

java实现常见的三种工厂模式

工厂模式用于创建对象的过程进行封装,通过工厂类来统一创建对象的逻辑。它可以隐藏对象的创建细节,提供一种灵活的方式来创建对象,降低了代码的耦合性。常见的工厂模式包括简单工厂模式、工厂方法模式和抽象工厂模式。

1. 简单工厂模式(Simple Factory Pattern):

① 抽象产品接口

interface Product {
    void operation();
}

②定义具体产品A B

class ProductA implements Product {
    public void operation() {
        System.out.println("ProductA operation");
    }
}
class ProductB implements Product {
    public void operation() {
        System.out.println("ProductB operation");
    }
}

③创建简单工厂类

class SimpleFactory {
    public static Product createProduct(String type) {
        if (type.equals("A")) {
            return new ProductA();
        } else if (type.equals("B")) {
            return new ProductB();
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid product type.");
    }
}

④示例使用

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Product productA = SimpleFactory.createProduct("A");
        productA.operation(); // Output: ProductA operation

        Product productB = SimpleFactory.createProduct("B");
        productB.operation(); // Output: ProductB operation
    }
}

2. 工厂方法模式(Factory Method Pattern):

①抽象工厂类

interface Factory {
    Product createProduct();
}

②定义具体工厂A B

class FactoryA implements Factory {
    public Product createProduct() {
        return new ProductA();
    }
}
class FactoryB implements Factory {
    public Product createProduct() {
        return new ProductB();
    }
}

③示例使用

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Factory factoryA = new FactoryA();
        Product productA = factoryA.createProduct();
        productA.operation(); // Output: ProductA operation

        Factory factoryB = new FactoryB();
        Product productB = factoryB.createProduct();
        productB.operation(); // Output: ProductB operation
    }
}

3. 抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory Pattern):

①抽象产品A B

interface AbstractProductA {
    void operationA();
}
interface AbstractProductB {
    void operationB();
}

②定义具体产品A1 A2 B1 B2

class ProductA1 implements AbstractProductA {
    public void operationA() {
        System.out.println("ProductA1 operationA");
    }
}
class ProductA2 implements AbstractProductA {
    public void operationA() {
        System.out.println("ProductA2 operationA");
    }
}
class ProductB1 implements AbstractProductB {
    public void operationB() {
        System.out.println("ProductB1 operationB");
    }
}
class ProductB2 implements AbstractProductB {
    public void operationB() {
        System.out.println("ProductB2 operationB");
    }
}

③抽象工厂

interface AbstractFactory {
    AbstractProductA createProductA();
    AbstractProductB createProductB();
}

④定义具体工厂1 2

class Factory1 implements AbstractFactory {
    public AbstractProductA createProductA() {
        return new ProductA1();
    }

    public AbstractProductB createProductB() {
        return new ProductB1();
    }
}
class Factory2 implements AbstractFactory {
    public AbstractProductA createProductA() {
        return new ProductA2();
    }

    public AbstractProductB createProductB() {
        return new ProductB2();
    }
}

⑤示例使用

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AbstractFactory factory1 = new Factory1();
        AbstractProductA productA1 = factory1.createProductA();
        AbstractProductB productB1 = factory1.createProductB();
        productA1.operationA(); // Output: ProductA1 operationA
        productB1.operationB(); // Output: ProductB1 operationB

        AbstractFactory factory2 = new Factory2();
        AbstractProductA productA2 = factory2.createProductA();
        AbstractProductB productB2 = factory2.createProductB();
        productA2.operationA(); // Output: ProductA2 operationA
        productB2.operationB(); // Output: ProductB2 operationB
    }
}

每种模式都有不同的应用场景和特点,可以根据具体需求选择适合的工厂模式来创建对象。

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