2019.1.20每日一词：prone

字典解释

“prone”是个形容词，表示“易于…的” “很可能…的”，也就是说它经常可以用来替换 likely, inclined 等表示“有…可能/倾向”的词，是个在口语和写作中都高频实用的表达。

例句

prone 最常见的用法是 be prone to，后面常接有负向意义的名词或者动词。比如日本地形独特，是一个经常遭受地震或台风的国家，我们就可以说:
Japan is prone to earthquakes and typhoons.(be prone to + n.)

或

Japan is prone to suffer earthquakes and typhoons.(be prone to + v.)

许多人在接受测试的时候都容易紧张不安，我们就可以说：
Most people are prone to anxiety during a test.

《经济学人》中也曾出现过相关用法：
But in China and India, young woman have been usually prone to suicide.

prone 的另一个常见用法是与名词连用构成形容词，表示“易受…影响的”，和 be prone to 可以替换使用。比如像美式橄榄球、冰球等对抗性运动的球员往往很容易受伤，我们就可以说：
American football and ice hockey players are prone to injury

或

AMexican football and ice hockey players are injury-prone.

这样-prone的用法可以让表达更加简洁，灵活，比如关于日本的例句：

Japan is earthquake- and typhoon-prone(注意这里连字符的用法：earthquake- and typhoon-prone 等于 earthquake-prone and typhoon-prone)

翻译练习

Over-weight groups are prone to high blood pressure and high blood sugar.

参考翻译：
Overweight people are prone to high blood pressure and high blood sugar

或

People with excess weight are prone to develop high blood pressure and elevated blood sugar.