CentOS8 安装mysql8全过程

#查询已经存在的mysql及相关依赖包
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
#此时你会看到一堆列表，使用 yum 命令依次卸载
#yum remove mysql-xxx-xxx-xxx

#接下来删除 mysql 的残留目录及文件，先用下面的命令找出所有mysql相关的文件夹
[root@localhost opt]# find / -name mysql
/home/java/.m2/repository/mysql
find: ‘/proc/2349578’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/2350559’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/2350560’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/2350569’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/2350571’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/2350573’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/2350577’: No such file or directory
/var/lib/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql
/usr/share/selinux/targeted/default/active/modules/100/mysql

#如下依次删除
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/share/selinux/targeted/default/active/modules/100/mysql

#下载rpm文件
[root@localhost opt]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm

#安装rpm文件
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
warning: mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql80-community-release-el8-1  ################################# [100%]

#执行成功后，命令查看 /etc/yum.repos.d/ 文件夹下会产生两个文件
[root@localhost opt]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ | grep mysql
mysql-community.repo
mysql-community-source.repo

#更新yum缓存
[root@localhost opt]# yum clean all
36 files removed
[root@localhost opt]# yum makecache
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream                                                                                                                                                                                   87  B/s |  38  B     00:00    
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist

#上面如果报错就执行下面设置镜像地址
[root@localhost opt]# sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
[root@localhost opt]# sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*

[root@localhost opt]# yum makecache
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream                                                                                                                                                                                  1.7 MB/s | 8.4 MB     00:05    
CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS                                                                                                                                                                                     285 kB/s | 4.6 MB     00:16    
CentOS Linux 8 - Extras                                                                                                                                                                                     4.2 kB/s |  10 kB     00:02    
MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                                                                                                                                                                  916 kB/s | 3.2 MB     00:03    
MySQL Connectors Community                                                                                                                                                                                   47 kB/s | 102 kB     00:02    
MySQL Tools Community                                                                                                                                                                                       276 kB/s | 794 kB     00:02    
Metadata cache created.

#开始安装mysql
[root@localhost opt]# yum install mysql-community-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:20 ago on Wed 06 Sep 2023 03:06:10 PM CST.
All matches were filtered out by modular filtering for argument: mysql-community-server
Error: Unable to find a match: mysql-community-server

#上面如果报错，就执行
[root@localhost opt]# yum module disable mysql
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:15 ago on Wed 06 Sep 2023 03:06:10 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                  Architecture                                            Version                                                    Repository                                                Size
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Disabling modules:
 mysql                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!


#继续开始安装mysql，并加上--nogpgcheck
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
Last metadata expiration check: 0:07:50 ago on Wed 06 Sep 2023 03:06:10 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                                Architecture                                   Version                                              Repository                                                 Size
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-server                                                 x86_64                                         8.0.34-1.el8                                         mysql80-community                                          64 M
Installing dependencies:
 mysql-community-client                                                 x86_64                                         8.0.34-1.el8                                         mysql80-community                                          16 M
 mysql-community-client-plugins                                         x86_64                                         8.0.34-1.el8                                         mysql80-community                                         3.5 M
 mysql-community-common                                                 x86_64                                         8.0.34-1.el8                                         mysql80-community                                         668 k
 mysql-community-icu-data-files                                         x86_64                                         8.0.34-1.el8                                         mysql80-community                                         2.2 M
 mysql-community-libs                                                   x86_64                                         8.0.34-1.el8                                         mysql80-community                                         1.5 M

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  6 Packages

Total size: 88 M
Installed size: 415 M
Downloading Packages:
[SKIPPED] mysql-community-client-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                                                                                                                                                               
[SKIPPED] mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                                                                                                                                                       
[SKIPPED] mysql-community-common-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                                                                                                                                                               
[SKIPPED] mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                                                                                                                                                       
[SKIPPED] mysql-community-libs-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                                                                                                                                                                 
[SKIPPED] mysql-community-server-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                                                                                                                                                               
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1/1 
  Installing       : mysql-community-common-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         1/6 
  Installing       : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                 2/6 
  Installing       : mysql-community-libs-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                           3/6 
  Running scriptlet: mysql-community-libs-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                           3/6 
  Installing       : mysql-community-client-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         4/6 
  Installing       : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                 5/6 
  Running scriptlet: mysql-community-server-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         6/6 
  Installing       : mysql-community-server-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         6/6 
  Running scriptlet: mysql-community-server-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         6/6 
  Verifying        : mysql-community-client-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         1/6 
  Verifying        : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                 2/6 
  Verifying        : mysql-community-common-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         3/6 
  Verifying        : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                 4/6 
  Verifying        : mysql-community-libs-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                           5/6 
  Verifying        : mysql-community-server-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                         6/6 

Installed:
  mysql-community-client-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64  mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64  mysql-community-common-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64  mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64  mysql-community-libs-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64 
  mysql-community-server-8.0.34-1.el8.x86_64 

Complete!

#启动 mysql 并设为开机启动
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl enable mysqld

#获取初始密码登录mysql并修改自己的密码
[root@localhost opt]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2023-09-06T07:21:55.300090Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: oJSos8=t)gvo


#用上面获取的初始密码"oJSos8=t)gvo"登录mysql
[root@localhost opt]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.34

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

#修改密码，如图 “PassWord@666” 替换成自己的密码，注意 mysql 默认情况下设置的密码需要有大小写+数字+特殊符号
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PassWord@666';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

#设置远程访问链接数据库
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> update user set Host = '%' where User = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye


#开启端口
[root@localhost opt]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost opt]# firewall-cmd --reload
success