OSS文件上传、MinIO分布式文件存储系统

阿里云OSS上传图片

实现步骤:

1. 定义OSS相关配置

application-dev.yml

sky:
  alioss:
    endpoint: oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
    access-key-id: LTAI5tPeFLzsPPT8gG3LPW64
    access-key-secret: U6k1brOZ8gaOIXv3nXbulGTUzy6Pd7
    bucket-name: sky-take-out

application.yml

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev    #设置环境
sky:
  alioss:
    endpoint: ${sky.alioss.endpoint}
    access-key-id: ${sky.alioss.access-key-id}
    access-key-secret: ${sky.alioss.access-key-secret}
    bucket-name: ${sky.alioss.bucket-name}

2. 读取OSS配置

在sky-common模块中,已定义

package com.sky.properties;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sky.alioss")
@Data
public class AliOssProperties {

    private String endpoint;
    private String accessKeyId;
    private String accessKeySecret;
    private String bucketName;

}
3. 生成OSS工具类对象

在sky-server模块

package com.sky.config;

import com.sky.properties.AliOssProperties;
import com.sky.utils.AliOssUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * 配置类,用于创建AliOssUtil对象
 */
@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class OssConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public AliOssUtil aliOssUtil(AliOssProperties aliOssProperties){
        log.info("开始创建阿里云文件上传工具类对象:{}",aliOssProperties);
        return new AliOssUtil(aliOssProperties.getEndpoint(),
                aliOssProperties.getAccessKeyId(),
                aliOssProperties.getAccessKeySecret(),
                aliOssProperties.getBucketName());
    }
}

其中,AliOssUtil.java已在sky-common模块中定义

package com.sky.utils;

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@Slf4j
public class AliOssUtil {

    private String endpoint;
    private String accessKeyId;
    private String accessKeySecret;
    private String bucketName;

    /**
     * 文件上传
     *
     * @param bytes
     * @param objectName
     * @return
     */
    public String upload(byte[] bytes, String objectName) {

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);

        try {
            // 创建PutObject请求。
            ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }

        //文件访问路径规则 https://BucketName.Endpoint/ObjectName
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder("https://");
        stringBuilder
                .append(bucketName)
                .append(".")
                .append(endpoint)
                .append("/")
                .append(objectName);

        log.info("文件上传到:{}", stringBuilder.toString());

        return stringBuilder.toString();
    }
}
4. 定义文件上传接口

在sky-server模块中定义接口

package com.sky.controller.admin;

import com.sky.constant.MessageConstant;
import com.sky.result.Result;
import com.sky.utils.AliOssUtil;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * 通用接口
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/admin/common")
@Api(tags = "通用接口")
@Slf4j
public class CommonController {

    @Autowired
    private AliOssUtil aliOssUtil;

    /**
     * 文件上传
     * @param file
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/upload")
    @ApiOperation("文件上传")
    public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file){
        log.info("文件上传:{}",file);

        try {
            //原始文件名
            String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
            //截取原始文件名的后缀   dfdfdf.png
            String extension = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
            //构造新文件名称
            String objectName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + extension;

            //文件的请求路径
            String filePath = aliOssUtil.upload(file.getBytes(), objectName);
            return Result.success(filePath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("文件上传失败:{}", e);
        }

        return Result.error(MessageConstant.UPLOAD_FAILED);
    }
}

MinIO分布式文件存储系统

MinIO集群采用去中心化共享架构,每个结点是对等关系,通过Nginx可对MinIO进行负载均衡访问。

它将分布在不同服务器上的多块硬盘组成一个对象存储服务。由于硬盘分布在不同的节点上,分布式Minio避免了单点故障。

Minio使用纠删码技术来保护数据,它是一种恢复丢失和损坏数据的数学算法,它将数据分块冗余的分散存储在各各节点的磁盘上,所有的可用磁盘组成一个集合,上图由8块硬盘组成一个集合,当上传一个文件时会通过纠删码算法计算对文件进行分块存储,除了将文件本身分成4个数据块,还会生成4个校验块,数据块和校验块会分散的存储在这8块硬盘上。

使用纠删码的好处是即便丢失一半数量(N/2)的硬盘,仍然可以恢复数据。 比如上边集合中有4个以内的硬盘损害仍可保证数据恢复,不影响上传和下载,如果多于一半的硬盘坏了则无法恢复。

准备环境

MinIO提供多个语言版本SDK的支持,下边找到java版本的文档:

地址:https://docs.min.io/docs/java-client-quickstart-guide.html

  1. 引入依赖
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.miniogroupId>
    <artifactId>minioartifactId>
    <version>8.4.3version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3groupId>
    <artifactId>okhttpartifactId>
    <version>4.8.1version>
dependency>
  1. 配置相关信息
minio:
  endpoint: http://192.168.101.65:9000
  accessKey: minioadmin
  secretKey: minioadmin
  bucket:
    files: mediafiles
    videofiles: video
  1. 编写minio的配置类
@Configuration
public class MinioConfig {
    
 @Value("${minio.endpoint}")
 private String endpoint;
 @Value("${minio.accessKey}")
 private String accessKey;
 @Value("${minio.secretKey}")
 private String secretKey;

 @Bean
 public MinioClient minioClient() {

  MinioClient minioClient =
          MinioClient.builder()
                  .endpoint(endpoint)
                  .credentials(accessKey, secretKey)
                  .build();
  return minioClient;
 }
}
上传文件

设置contentType可以通过com.j256.simplemagic.ContentType枚举类查看常用的mimeType(媒体类型)
通过扩展名得到mimeType,代码如下:

//根据扩展名取出mimeType
ContentInfo extensionMatch = ContentInfoUtil.findExtensionMatch(".mp4");
String mimeType = MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_VALUE;//通用mimeType,字节流
public class MinioTest {

    static MinioClient minioClient =
            MinioClient.builder()
                    .endpoint("http://192.168.101.65:9000")
                    .credentials("minioadmin", "minioadmin")
                    .build();

   //上传文件
    @Test
    public  void upload() {
        //根据扩展名取出mimeType
        ContentInfo extensionMatch = ContentInfoUtil.findExtensionMatch(".mp4");
        String mimeType = MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_VALUE;//通用mimeType,字节流
        if(extensionMatch!=null){
            mimeType = extensionMatch.getMimeType();
        }
        try {
            UploadObjectArgs testbucket = UploadObjectArgs.builder()
                    .bucket("testbucket")
//                    .object("test001.mp4")
                    .object("001/test001.mp4")//添加子目录
                    .filename("D:\\develop\\upload\\1mp4.temp")
                    .contentType(mimeType)//默认根据扩展名确定文件内容类型,也可以指定
                    .build();
            minioClient.uploadObject(testbucket);
            System.out.println("上传成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("上传失败");
        }

    }
}

定义接口:需要指定消费者类型 consumes = MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE

@RequestMapping(value = "/upload/coursefile", consumes = MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE)
public UploadFileResultDto upload(@RequestPart("filedata") MultipartFile upload) throws IOException {

    return null;
}
删除文件
@Test
public void delete(){
    try {
        minioClient.removeObject(
               RemoveObjectArgs.builder().bucket("testbucket").object("001/test001.mp4").build());
        System.out.println("删除成功");
    } catch (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
        System.out.println("删除失败");
    }
}
查询文件
//查询文件
@Test
public void getFile() {
    GetObjectArgs getObjectArgs = GetObjectArgs.builder().bucket("testbucket").object("test001.mp4").build();
    try(
        FilterInputStream inputStream = minioClient.getObject(getObjectArgs);
        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\\develop\\upload\\1_2.mp4"));
     ) {
        IOUtils.copy(inputStream,outputStream);
     } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
     }
}
校验一致性

校验文件的完整性,对文件计算出md5值,比较原始文件的md5和目标文件的md5,一致则说明完整

//校验文件的完整性对文件的内容进行md5
FileInputStream fileInputStream1 = new FileInputStream(new File("D:\\develop\\upload\\1.mp4"));
String source_md5 = DigestUtils.md5Hex(fileInputStream1);
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("D:\\develop\\upload\\1a.mp4"));
String local_md5 = DigestUtils.md5Hex(fileInputStream);
if(source_md5.equals(local_md5)){
    System.out.println("下载成功");
}

MinIO断点续传

1、前端对文件进行分块。

2、前端上传分块文件前请求媒资服务检查文件是否存在,如果已经存在则不再上传。

3、如果分块文件不存在则前端开始上传

4、前端请求媒资服务上传分块。

5、媒资服务将分块上传至MinIO。

6、前端将分块上传完毕请求媒资服务合并分块。

7、媒资服务判断分块上传完成则请求MinIO合并文件。

8、合并完成校验合并后的文件是否完整,如果完整则上传完成,否则删除文件。

1.上传分块开发
检查文件和分块

接口完成进行接口实现,首先实现检查文件方法和检查分块方法。

在MediaFileService中定义service接口如下:

/**
 * @description 检查文件是否存在
 * @param fileMd5 文件的md5
*/
public RestResponse<Boolean> checkFile(String fileMd5);

/**
 * @description 检查分块是否存在
 * @param fileMd5  文件的md5
 * @param chunkIndex  分块序号
*/
public RestResponse<Boolean> checkChunk(String fileMd5, int chunkIndex);

service接口实现方法:

@Override
public RestResponse<Boolean> checkFile(String fileMd5) {
    //查询文件信息
    MediaFiles mediaFiles = mediaFilesMapper.selectById(fileMd5);
    if (mediaFiles != null) {
        //桶
        String bucket = mediaFiles.getBucket();
        //存储目录
        String filePath = mediaFiles.getFilePath();
        //文件流
        InputStream stream = null;
        try {
            stream = minioClient.getObject(
                    GetObjectArgs.builder()
                            .bucket(bucket)
                            .object(filePath)
                            .build());

            if (stream != null) {
                //文件已存在
                return RestResponse.success(true);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
           
        }
    }
    //文件不存在
    return RestResponse.success(false);
}



@Override
public RestResponse<Boolean> checkChunk(String fileMd5, int chunkIndex) {

    //得到分块文件目录
    String chunkFileFolderPath = getChunkFileFolderPath(fileMd5);
    //得到分块文件的路径
    String chunkFilePath = chunkFileFolderPath + chunkIndex;

    //文件流
    InputStream fileInputStream = null;
    try {
        fileInputStream = minioClient.getObject(
                GetObjectArgs.builder()
                        .bucket(bucket_videoFiles)
                        .object(chunkFilePath)
                        .build());

        if (fileInputStream != null) {
            //分块已存在
            return RestResponse.success(true);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        
    }
    //分块未存在
    return RestResponse.success(false);
}

//得到分块文件的目录
private String getChunkFileFolderPath(String fileMd5) {
    return fileMd5.substring(0, 1) + "/" + fileMd5.substring(1, 2) + "/" + fileMd5 + "/" + "chunk" + "/";
}
上传分块

定义service接口

/**
 * @description 上传分块
 * @param fileMd5  文件md5
 * @param chunk  分块序号
 * @param localChunkFilePath  分块文件本地路径
 */
public RestResponse uploadChunk(String fileMd5,int chunk,String localChunkFilePath);

接口实现:

@Override
public RestResponse uploadChunk(String fileMd5, int chunk, String localChunkFilePath) {

    //得到分块文件的目录路径
    String chunkFileFolderPath = getChunkFileFolderPath(fileMd5);
    //得到分块文件的路径
    String chunkFilePath = chunkFileFolderPath + chunk;
    //mimeType
    String mimeType = getMimeType(null);
    //将文件存储至minIO
    boolean b = addMediaFilesToMinIO(localChunkFilePath, mimeType, bucket_videoFiles, chunkFilePath);
    if (!b) {
        log.debug("上传分块文件失败:{}", chunkFilePath);
        return RestResponse.validfail(false, "上传分块失败");
    }
    log.debug("上传分块文件成功:{}",chunkFilePath);
    return RestResponse.success(true);

}
上传分块测试

完善接口层:

@ApiOperation(value = "文件上传前检查文件")
@PostMapping("/upload/checkfile")
public RestResponse<Boolean> checkfile(
        @RequestParam("fileMd5") String fileMd5
) throws Exception {
    return mediaFileService.checkFile(fileMd5);
}


@ApiOperation(value = "分块文件上传前的检测")
@PostMapping("/upload/checkchunk")
public RestResponse<Boolean> checkchunk(@RequestParam("fileMd5") String fileMd5,
                                        @RequestParam("chunk") int chunk) throws Exception {
    return mediaFileService.checkChunk(fileMd5,chunk);
}

@ApiOperation(value = "上传分块文件")
@PostMapping("/upload/uploadchunk")
public RestResponse uploadchunk(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,
                                @RequestParam("fileMd5") String fileMd5,
                                @RequestParam("chunk") int chunk) throws Exception {

    //创建临时文件
    File tempFile = File.createTempFile("minio", "temp");
    //上传的文件拷贝到临时文件
    file.transferTo(tempFile);
    //文件路径
    String absolutePath = tempFile.getAbsolutePath();
    return mediaFileService.uploadChunk(fileMd5,chunk,absolutePath);
}

前端对文件分块的大小为5MB,SpringBoot web默认上传文件的大小限制为1MB,这里需要在media-api工程修改配置如下:

spring:
  servlet:
    multipart:
      max-file-size: 50MB
      max-request-size: 50MB

max-file-size:单个文件的大小限制

Max-request-size: 单次请求的大小限制

2.合并分块开发
service开发

定义service接口:

/**
 * @description 合并分块
 * @param companyId  机构id
 * @param fileMd5  文件md5
 * @param chunkTotal 分块总和
 * @param uploadFileParamsDto 文件信息
 */
public RestResponse mergechunks(Long companyId,String fileMd5,int chunkTotal,UploadFileParamsDto uploadFileParamsDto);

service实现:

@Override
public RestResponse mergechunks(Long companyId, String fileMd5, int chunkTotal, UploadFileParamsDto uploadFileParamsDto) {
    //=====获取分块文件路径=====
    String chunkFileFolderPath = getChunkFileFolderPath(fileMd5);
    //组成将分块文件路径组成 List
    List<ComposeSource> sourceObjectList = Stream.iterate(0, i -> ++i)
            .limit(chunkTotal)
            .map(i -> ComposeSource.builder()
                    .bucket(bucket_videoFiles)
                    .object(chunkFileFolderPath.concat(Integer.toString(i)))
                    .build())
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
    //=====合并=====
    //文件名称
    String fileName = uploadFileParamsDto.getFilename();
    //文件扩展名
    String extName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
    //合并文件路径
    String mergeFilePath = getFilePathByMd5(fileMd5, extName);
    try {
        //合并文件
        ObjectWriteResponse response = minioClient.composeObject(
                ComposeObjectArgs.builder()
                        .bucket(bucket_videoFiles)
                        .object(mergeFilePath)
                        .sources(sourceObjectList)
                        .build());
        log.debug("合并文件成功:{}",mergeFilePath);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.debug("合并文件失败,fileMd5:{},异常:{}",fileMd5,e.getMessage(),e);
        return RestResponse.validfail(false, "合并文件失败。");
    }

    // ====验证md5====
    //下载合并后的文件
    File minioFile = downloadFileFromMinIO(bucket_videoFiles,mergeFilePath);
    if(minioFile == null){
        log.debug("下载合并后文件失败,mergeFilePath:{}",mergeFilePath);
        return RestResponse.validfail(false, "下载合并后文件失败。");
    }

    try (InputStream newFileInputStream = new FileInputStream(minioFile)) {
        //minio上文件的md5值
        String md5Hex = DigestUtils.md5Hex(newFileInputStream);
        //比较md5值,不一致则说明文件不完整
        if(!fileMd5.equals(md5Hex)){
            return RestResponse.validfail(false, "文件合并校验失败,最终上传失败。");
        }
        //文件大小
        uploadFileParamsDto.setFileSize(minioFile.length());
    }catch (Exception e){
        log.debug("校验文件失败,fileMd5:{},异常:{}",fileMd5,e.getMessage(),e);
        return RestResponse.validfail(false, "文件合并校验失败,最终上传失败。");
    }finally {
       if(minioFile!=null){
           minioFile.delete();
       }
    }

    //文件入库
    currentProxy.addMediaFilesToDb(companyId,fileMd5,uploadFileParamsDto,bucket_videoFiles,mergeFilePath);
    //=====清除分块文件=====
    clearChunkFiles(chunkFileFolderPath,chunkTotal);
    return RestResponse.success(true);
}

/**
 * 从minio下载文件
 * @param bucket 桶
 * @param objectName 对象名称
 * @return 下载后的文件
 */
public File downloadFileFromMinIO(String bucket,String objectName){
    //临时文件
    File minioFile = null;
    FileOutputStream outputStream = null;
    try{
        InputStream stream = minioClient.getObject(GetObjectArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucket)
                .object(objectName)
                .build());
        //创建临时文件
        minioFile=File.createTempFile("minio", ".merge");
        outputStream = new FileOutputStream(minioFile);
        IOUtils.copy(stream,outputStream);
        return minioFile;
    } catch (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
        if(outputStream!=null){
            try {
                outputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    return null;
}
/**
 * 得到合并后的文件的地址
 * @param fileMd5 文件id即md5值
 * @param fileExt 文件扩展名
 * @return
 */
private String getFilePathByMd5(String fileMd5,String fileExt){
    return   fileMd5.substring(0,1) + "/" + fileMd5.substring(1,2) + "/" + fileMd5 + "/" +fileMd5 +fileExt;
}

/**
 * 清除分块文件
 * @param chunkFileFolderPath 分块文件路径
 * @param chunkTotal 分块文件总数
 */
private void clearChunkFiles(String chunkFileFolderPath,int chunkTotal){

    try {
        List<DeleteObject> deleteObjects = Stream.iterate(0, i -> ++i)
                .limit(chunkTotal)
                .map(i -> new DeleteObject(chunkFileFolderPath.concat(Integer.toString(i))))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        RemoveObjectsArgs removeObjectsArgs = RemoveObjectsArgs.builder().bucket("video").objects(deleteObjects).build();
        Iterable<Result<DeleteError>> results = minioClient.removeObjects(removeObjectsArgs);
        results.forEach(r->{
            DeleteError deleteError = null;
            try {
                deleteError = r.get();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                log.error("清除分块文件失败,objectname:{}",deleteError.objectName(),e);
            }
        });
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        log.error("清除分块文件失败,chunkFileFolderPath:{}",chunkFileFolderPath,e);
    }
}
接口层完善
@ApiOperation(value = "合并文件")
@PostMapping("/upload/mergechunks")
public RestResponse mergechunks(@RequestParam("fileMd5") String fileMd5,
                                @RequestParam("fileName") String fileName,
                                @RequestParam("chunkTotal") int chunkTotal) throws Exception {
    Long companyId = 1232141425L;

    UploadFileParamsDto uploadFileParamsDto = new UploadFileParamsDto();
    uploadFileParamsDto.setFileType("001002");
    uploadFileParamsDto.setTags("课程视频");
    uploadFileParamsDto.setRemark("");
    uploadFileParamsDto.setFilename(fileName);

    return mediaFileService.mergechunks(companyId,fileMd5,chunkTotal,uploadFileParamsDto);

}

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