每日一词171

1. 这是个什么词?


词:sour


英英释义:if a relationship or someone's attitude sours, or if something sours it, it becomes unfriendly or unfavorable


例句:Many friendships sour over borrowed money.


2. 为什么选这个词?


sour”可以作形容词也可以作动词。作形容词它最常见的意思是“酸的”“嗖的”,作动词意思是“恶化”“使......变糟”。从上面的英英释义中可以看出 sour 既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词,不过在阅读中我们知道它更常作不及物动词。我们可以把 sour 和之前学过的 compound 和 worsen 放在一起在学习。《经济学人》在写某两个国家的关系恶化时,常常会用到 sour 这个词。下面通过几个例子来掌握这个词。


很多朋友关系是因为借钱而弄僵的,就可以说:

Many friendships sour over borrowed money.


在越南会谈之后,美国和朝鲜的关系再度恶化,可以说:

After the Vietnam talk, the relationship between the US and North Korea soured again.


印度和巴基斯坦在领土问题上的争议使得两国关系急转直下,我们就可以说:

The territorial dispute between India and Pakistan soured bilateral relations.


注意上面这句中的 sour 就是及物动词。 最新一期《经济学人》Leaders 板块关于中美关系的文章中就用到了 sour:

As our special report in this week’s issue explains, superpower relations have soured.


类似的用法也出现在了另一篇《经济学人》文章中:

The once-cordial relationship between Mr Trump and Deutsche has soured.


《经济学人》在一篇写美国经济的文章中也出现了 sour:

Business confidence had soured and the housing market, so often a leading indicator of economic trouble, had sagged.(这句中 confidence 和 sour 这组搭配出现频率要远低于 relationship/relations 和 sour 这组搭配,可以记下来)


3. 怎样学会使用这个词?


1)翻译下面的句子:


他和母亲的关系突然变得很僵。

The relationship between he and his mother suddenly sours.

造句

His relationship with his wife soured due to different educational concept.


参考翻译:His relationship with his mother soured all of a sudden.

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