课前想一想
1.大卫被族群抛弃，又身受重伤，他是如何绝境逢生、重回王位的呢？
2.bid for这个短语有哪些用法？
3.“千钧一发，岌岌可危”用英语该怎样表达？
词汇装备库
1.vacuum/'vækju:m/(n.)缺乏，空白
2.comrade/'kɑ:mræd/(n.)(尤指共患难过的）朋友，同志；战友
3.defeat/dɪ'fɪ:t/(n.)/(v.)击败，打败，战胜
4.submissive/səb'mɪsɪv/(adj.)顺从的，温顺的，听话的
5.spot/spɑ:t/(n.)点；圆点；地点(v.)看见，发现；注意到
6.reaffirm/,ri:ə'fɜ:rm/(v.)重申，再次声明
7. forgiveness/fər'gɪvnəs/(n.)原谅；宽恕
to ask for forgiveness/to beg forgiveness请求/乞求原谅
8.ramp up加快速度，增加威力/权力
词句兵工厂
He tries to intimidate the group, but a bid for leadership is never instant.
它试图恫吓族群，但争夺首领之位从不是一蹦而就的。
Note:
1.intimidate/ɪn'tɪmɪdeɪt/(v.)恫吓，恐吓
*常用的结构是intimidate somebody into something/doing something
They tried to intimidate him into doing what they wanted.
他们试图胁迫他，让他按他们的要求做。
2.bid/bɪd/(n.)企图得到，努力争取
His bid for re-election was unsuccessful.他争取连任的努力没有成功。
3.leadership/'li:dərʃip/(n.)领导地位
leadership skills领导技巧
leadership qualities领导素质
under one's leadership在......的领导下
The company flourished under his firm leadership.
在他坚定的领导下，公司的发展欣欣向荣。
4. instant/'ɪnstənt/(adj.)立即的，即刻的
词句兵工厂
Friendless and wounded, David some-how musters the energy to search for food.
无依无靠，伤痕累累，大卫仍然振作起来寻找食物。
Note:
1.friendless/'frendləs/(adj.)无朋友的
Being friendless taught me how to be a friend. 没有朋友教会了我如何做一个（好）朋友。
2.wounded/'wu:ndɪd/(adj.)受伤的
3.somehow/'sʌmhaʊ/(adv.)以某种方法，以某种方式
It won't be easy, but we'll find a way out somehow.这并不容易，但是我们总会找到办法的。
4.muster/'mʌstər/(v.)鼓起（勇气）;激起（某种感情或支持）
muster the energy to do something鼓起勇气/振作起来做某事
They muster the energy to win the match. 他们集中精力想要赢得比赛。
5.search for搜寻，寻找
词句兵工厂
Without a blow being struck, David is back! 没有使出一招一式，大卫凯旋归来！
Note:
1.blow/bloʊ/(v.)吹；吹动(n.)(用拳头或武器的）重击，打击
She received a severe blow on the head. 她头上挨了重重的一击。
2.strike/straɪk/(v.)击，打；撞击
strike a blow击出一拳/给予打击
They struck a blow for freedom. 他们为自由而战。
词句兵工厂
Exhausted and fragile, he's only hanging on to his leadership by a thread.
负伤疲惫的它在族群中的地位发发可危。
Note:
1.exhausted/ɪg'zɔ:stɪd/(adj.)极其疲惫的；精疲力竭的
Exhausted, he fell asleep. 他精疲力竭，倒头就睡。
I'm completely exhausted! 我实在是太累了！
2.fragile/'frædʒl/(adj.)易损坏的；易碎的；脆弱的
I felt rather fragile for a few days after the operation. 手术后几天内我感觉自己非常虚弱。
3.hang/hæŋ/(v.)悬挂；吊着
4.thread/θred/(n.)线，线状物
hang by a thread千钧一发，摇摇欲坠，岌岌可危
The patient's life was hanging by a thread. 病人的生命危在旦夕。
语法轻知识
The usage of "bid for"
Marker sentence:
He tries to intimidate the group, but a bid for leadership is never instant.
它试图悯吓族群，但争夺首领之位从不是一蹦而就的。
bid(v.)(在拍卖中）出价、喊价；投标、竞标；争取、竞争*后面常接介词for来使用
bid for主要有两种含义：
1.表示（在拍卖中）出价竞买，或投标
Several firms have bid for the con-tract to build that building.
有几家公司投标，争取建造那栋大厦的合同。
How much did you bid for that antique dresser at the auction?
在拍卖会上，你为那个古董梳妆台出价多少？
bid for中间还可以加入具体的金钱，表示为......出价了多少钱。
I can't believe that he bid $20,000 for that bracelet.
我不敢相信他出两万美元竞拍那个手锂。
2.争取达到（某个目标）;争取获得
For him, a bid for championship is not so easy. 对他来说，争夺冠军并不简单。
I admire that he has the courage to bid for presidency. 我敬佩他有勇气竞选总统。
实战练兵场
(2017年考研英语二完形填空）
These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers,
people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional demands of their jobs.
[A] tricky [B]lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce
解析：
首先看一下本题中的关键词：
leisure time休闲时间
counterbalance使平衡，抵消
intellectual and emotional智力的和情感的题目表达的意思是：如今，由于休闲时间对大多数工人来说相对......(原因）,人们利用休闲时间来平衡工作对于智力和情感的需求（结果）。
可以推断，本句话想要表达的是休闲时间不够用。A选项tricky表示难对付的，
或狡猜的，B选项lengthy指漫长的，兄长的，C选项mysterious指神秘的，像
谜一样的，D选项scarce表示难得的，稀有的。因此只有D选项符合题意。
【答案】scarce
文化加油站
孙子兵法
The Art of War---by Sun Tzu
1. The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.
战争的最高艺术是不战而屈人之兵。
2. If you know the enemy and know yourself,you need not fear the result of
a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory
gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor your-
self,you will succumb in every battle.
知己知彼,百战不殆;不知彼而知己,胜一负;不知彼,不知己,每战必殆。
3. Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak.
当你强壮的时候要显得软弱，当你虚弱的时候显得强壮。
4.All warfare is based on deception. 兵者，诡道也。
5. In the midst of chaos, there is also opportunity.混乱中也有机会。
主题打包盒
1.首领位置出现了空缺，卢瑟抓住这个机会，不断在族群中制造恐惧，妄图成
为新的首领。
2.被抛下的大卫无依无靠，伤痕累累。但他仍振作起来寻找食物，并在一周后
踏上了寻找族群的长途跋涉。
3.大卫最终找到了自己的族群。卢瑟面对着看起来强大无比的大卫，心生胆
怯，落荒而逃。大卫王者归来，和战友卡尔重聚，重新成为了族群的首领。但
受伤的他依然疲惫又脆弱，领袖的地位面临着危机。